Energy F Read Ch 9 & 10 Lec 17 25Feb02 ID: eee105 Password: prAIRie.
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Transcript of Energy F Read Ch 9 & 10 Lec 17 25Feb02 ID: eee105 Password: prAIRie.
![Page 1: Energy F Read Ch 9 & 10 Lec 17 25Feb02 ID: eee105 Password: prAIRie.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649d195503460f949ee64f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Energy Read Ch 9 & 10
Lec 17 25Feb02
http://life.uiuc.edu/animalbiology/105/ID: eee105Password: prAIRie
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Regional Total Energy ConsumptionOrganization for Economic Cooperation and Development
25 countries
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Regional Total Energy Consumption
EE/FSU
Asia
Latin AmericaAfricamid-East
Over half the world’s energy consumption
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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
OPECOPEC
Formed 1960
controls 75% of worlds oil reserves
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OPEC meets next on March 15
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The new race for oil
the Caspian Sea
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Pipelines?
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Pipelines?
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Energy Consumption (1998)
Per capita(as tons of oil)
USA 7.86Canada 7.61
Germany 4.11
France 4.05
Japan 3.72
S. America 0.67Africa 0.33
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Energy Usage
• Residential and commercial usage
30% of North American energy usage
mostly for air conditioning
refrigeration
space heating
water heating
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Energy Usage
• Residential and commercial usage
30% of North American energy usage
but in less developed countries
mostly for cooking
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Energy Usage
• Residential and commercial usage
• Industrial Use
~ 30% in U.S.
more efficient in MDC’s
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Energy Usage
• Residential and commercial usage
• Industrial Use
• Transportation use
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Transportation use
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Transportation Energy Use(1998)
Per capita(gigajoules)
USA 106Holland 41
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Transportation Energy Use(1998)
Per capita(gigajoules)
USA 106Holland 41
Japan 28
Mexico 17
Zimbabwe 4
India 2
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Transportation Energy Use
In U.S.: government subsidies
Although rail & bus transport is twice as energy efficient
for highways & trucking
U.S. autos consume 15% of world oil supply
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Transportation Energy Use
U.S. autos consume 15% of world oil supply
The automobiles of the rest of the world consume 7% of world’s oil
Public transportation is more energy efficient
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Energy Conservation ?
Environmental protection
Security
Economic dependence on OPEC
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Hybrid automobiles
60+ mpg
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Hybrid automobiles
60+ mpg
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Fuel Cells
Hydrogen & oxygen as fuel
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Energy Conservation ?
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Resources & Reserves
• Resource a naturally occurring substance which potentially can be extracted • Reserves - known deposits which can be extracted now with existing technology under present economic conditions
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changes in reportingchanges in reporting
since 1989, reserves constant
new discoveries = consumption
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Oil suppliesOil suppliesOil suppliesOil supplies
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When will we run out of oil?
• Geologists:
80% of current production from fields
discovered before 1973
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When will we run out of oil?
• Geologists:
80% of current production from fields
discovered before 1973
Industrialists: innovative technologies in extraction, production, and usage
peak in 2010
peak 2050 - 2100
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The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
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The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
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The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
snow 9 months of yearsnow 9 months of yearsnow 9 months of yearsnow 9 months of year
coastal plaincoastal plain
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The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
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The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
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The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
95% probability: 2.03 billion barrels95% probability: 2.03 billion barrels95% probability: 2.03 billion barrels95% probability: 2.03 billion barrelsUSGS:
5% probability: 9.38 billion barrels5% probability: 9.38 billion barrels
3.2 billion barrels = 6 months3.2 billion barrels = 6 months 3.2 billion barrels = 6 months3.2 billion barrels = 6 monthsU.S. oil usageU.S. oil usageU.S. oil usageU.S. oil usage
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Oil Use Issues
• Petrochemical industry is the major contributor to air pollution
Every gallon of gasoline burned
releases 20 lbs of CO2
Nitrogen oxides released
cause smog & acid rain