Energy Efficiency in Motor Driven...
Transcript of Energy Efficiency in Motor Driven...
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Energy Efficiency
in Motor Driven
Systems
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Shares of electricity consumptionin industry (EU-15)
Electric motors andapplications69% = 800 TWh
Pumps30%
Fans14%
Refrigeratingmachines 14%
Other applications:mixing, stirring,transporting: 32%
Air compres-sors 10%
Motor systems account for about 65 % of electricity consumption in industry in the European Union
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
3
Overview of saving potentials in motor driven systems
Measures economic saving
potential Improvement of drive by - use of high efficiency motors 3 % - use of variable speed drives 11 % Improvement of the system - for compressed air supply 33 % - for pump systems 30 % - for refrigeration systems 18 % - for HVAC and fan systems 25 % Motorsystems Total 25-30 %
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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81%
14%5%
Energy Costs
Investment
Maintance
Life Cycle Costs of Motor Driven Systems
Example Compressed Air System• Power 110 kW• Lifetime 15 a• Operating hours 4000 h/a• Energy price 6 ct/kWh
• Many measures are highly economic, as energy costs account for about 80% of the life cycle cost.
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
5
Electric Motors
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Saving Potentials for drives
Measures Saving Potential
Systeminstalllation or Replacementhigh efficiency motors (HEM) 2-8 %correct sizing 1-3 %energy efficient motor repair 0,5-2%variable speed drives 10-50 %efficient gear boxes 2-10 %quality of power supply 0,5-3 %System operation and maintenancegreacing, adjusting and fine tuning 1-5 %
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
7
Improved efficiency of motors
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
1,1 kW 5,5 kW 11 kW 90 kW
high efficiency motors
standard motors
+ 8,7%+ 8,7%
+ 1,2%+ 1,2%
Cost Savings 11 kW 69 €/a 90 kW 266 €/a
– As smaller the power of the motor as worse is the efficiency of it and hence as larger the saving potential
– Also small improvements for large motors could deliver significant total savings
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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High Efficiency Motors (HEM)
75
80
85
90
95
1 10 100
1
2
3
4
5
6
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eff3-Motor (2 pol and 4 pol)eff2-Motor (2 pol)eff1-Motor (4 pol)∆ (eff1-eff3) (2 pol)
Effic
ienc
y(%
)
Efficiency requirements for motors
Effic
ienc
ydi
ffere
nce
(%)
Power (kW)
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
9
Share of efficiency classes on motor sales in Europe
2%
30%
68%
3%
44%
53%
3%
54%
43%
4%
80%
16%
5%
83%
12%
6%
84%
10%
7%
85%
8%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Total motor-sales in the scope of the Voluntary Agreement of CEMEP
EFF3EFF2EFF1
Quelle: CEMEP, EEMODS Konferenz, Heidelberg, 2005.
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
10
Comparison of EFF 1 and EFF 2-motors by infrared photographs
EFF 1 EFF2
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
11
Pumps
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
12
Energy efficiency of pump systems
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
13
Energy Saving Potentials in Pump Systems
Measure Energy Saving Potential Sys-tems (EEP)i
Possible Mar-ket uptake
(MDD)i
Efficiencyfactor(1 - EEP*MDD)i
speed control 70 % 20 % 86,0 % operating hours 10 % 15 % 98,5 % high efficiency motors 4 % 40 % 98,4 % system design 15 % 4 % 99,4 % reduced pressure losses in the pipework
8 % 15 % 98,8 %
( )ii
n
iMDDEEP ⋅−Π
=
11
81,9 %
Energy Saving Potential ( )ii
n
iMDDEEP ⋅−−= Π
=
111
18,1 %
Measure Saving potential [%-points]
Reduction of surface roughness 10 % Reduction of internal leakage (gap losses) 6 % Optimised geometry of impellers 3%
Pump
Pumpsystem
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Energy Saving with Pumpsystems• Pumps often work away from their best
efficiency Point (BEP) based on – Over dimensioning during planning– Changes compared to design conditions– Significant reduction of efficiency of
the pump– Changed volume flows
• Aging of pumps: – Loss of efficiency by 10 to 15 %-points
based on poor maintenance
Effiz
ienz
head
Volume flow
Working line throttling
efficiency
Power
Effic
ienc
yPo
wer
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Maximum efficiency improvement by surface smoothening
whole pump: ... < 20%
volute: ... < 5% casing: ... < 5%
inner surface: ... < 5%outer surface: ... < 7%
whole impeller
Surface roughnessbefore smoothing:(kS = 0,4 mm)
The specifiedvalues of efficiencygain are per centpoints
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Fans
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Industrial FansFan for steel works
Mine ventilation fan
Induced draught fanfor 600 MW Power station
Fan forsinterplant
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Building Ventilation
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Distribution of energy consumption for fans by fan size in the US
Distribution of electricity consumption for fans by motor size(SIC 20-39 Overall Manufacturing)
1-5 hp5,2% 6-20 hp
13,9%
21- 50 hp13,5%
51 -100 hp10,8%101 -200 hp
17,9%
201 -500 hp8,2%
501-1000 hp11,1%
1000+ hp19,3%
Source: United States Industrial Electric Motor Systems Market Opportunities Assessment, OIT; US DOE, December 1998.
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
20
Energy flow in a fan system
% 54inputenergy energyfan useful
==η
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Fan Electricity Consumption in the European Union (EU-15)
05
10
152025303540
45
Elec
tric
ity C
onsu
mpt
ion
[TW
h]
A BE DK FI F D GRE IRE I LU NL P ES S GB
Total consumption 197 TWh
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
22
Fan Electricity Consumption by Sector
0102030405060708090
100
Elec
tric
ity c
onsu
mpt
ion
[TW
h]
Transport Industry Service SectorTertiary (excl.Servicesector)
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
23
Emission and Cost Savings
– Electricity saving potential totals 43.2 TWh per year
– Overall emission reduction is 18.8 Million Tones of CO2per year
– Overall cost savings are about 1.7 to 3.5 Billion Euro per year0
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Electricity saving potential in fans all sectors [GWh] FansCO2 Saving Potential in Fans all sectors [kt CO2] Fans
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
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Electricity consumption for fan systems in the EU-15 by sector up to 2020
•BAU (Business As Usual) no measures and improvements are implemented•IA (Improved Awareness) only technical improvements at fan will be implemented
•GT (Global Thinking) technical measures and system measures will be fully implemented
99953127727 120288
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151007143457
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BAU2020
IA2020
GT2020
Elec
tric
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onsu
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for F
an S
yste
ms
[GW
h]
Industry Tertiary Transport
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EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
25
Factors Influencing Fan System Efficiency•Difference between peak and low efficiency of a fan can be up to 30 %.•Small differences in fan peak efficiency are of much less importance than the poor matching between the fan and the system. •The fan has to be correctly designed, but all the effort in correctly designing a fan can be wasted, if all the other steps of the choice/design procedure are not carefully examined. Specifically:
– The fan operating point must be properly selected on its characteristic curve
– The fan and the system have to be properly matched– The system has to be correctly designed to reduce as much as possible
energy requirements and energy losses– The system has to be properly installed– The regulation system should be selected to limit energy losses
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
26
Energy saving potentials and additional costs for fansFan type Efficiency gain Additional cost Propeller fans 15 – 20 % 2 – 12 % Tube-axial 2 – 10 % 4 – 10 % Jet fans 4 – 8 % 5 – 7 % Forward curved 5 – 15 % 7 – 10 % Radial tip 10 % 6 – 10 % Backward curved 2 – 5 % 8 – 12 % Radial fans 5 % 4 – 7 % Other fans 5 – 10 % 8 – 10 %
For each Euro spent about 4 Euro will be saved (based on LCC)
Each point of efficiency gain will increase fans first cost by about 1 %.
14
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
27
Efficiency Measures for Fan Systems and their Improvement Potential
Management Action
Efficiency Gain Factor (EGF)
System
Market Penetration
Factor (MPF)
1-EGF*MPF
Operation Schedule 30 % 20 % 94.0 % HEM 5 % 20 % 99.0 % Correct Sizing of Motor 15 % 5 % 99.3 % Optimising Transmission 8 % 60 % 95.2 % Optimising Ducting 15 % 30 % 95.5 % Additional Savings 12 % 15 % 98.2 %
Product of (1-EGF*MPF) factors 82.5 % Energy Savings 17.5 %
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
28
Energy savings depending on control system
Quelle: LfU, Stuttgart, 2002
Pow
er c
onsu
mpt
ion
[%]
Volume flow [%]
Bypass
Throttle
Rotational
Speed control
Theoretical
15
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
29
Strategy for Improving the Energy Efficiencyof a Fan Installation
Carry out a performance test
Carry out a performance test to determine the actual flow rate, fan pressure and power absorbed. Many fans are not working at the speci-fied duty point, often the pressure requirement is overestimated. It may be possible to alter the fan speed to a lower value and still achieve the required flow. This in any case should be reviewed as the design flow may only be required 3 or 4 days per year.
Check the vee belt drive
Vee belt drives are frequently 'over-engineered'. Maintenance en-gineers often specify more belts than necessary as this extends their life. It is however at the expense of drive efficiency and con-sequent power consumption. Remove a belt at a time and re-check the amperage.
Check the motor selection
Many motors are oversized to give a margin. Check the new power ab-sorbed by means of voltage, amperage and power factor readings. De-termine if a new motor (possibly of higher efficiency) will give reduced energy consumption, and if power factor correction is warranted. HEM have typically a much broader high efficiency operating range.
Check if an impeller change is warranted
Many fan manufacturers have a range of impellers to suit a par-ticular fan casing / drive assembly. It may be that a change of im-peller and /or inlet cone will reduce the energy consumption e. g. changing a forward curved bladed impeller for a backward airfoil bladed impeller on a centrifugal fan or changing the solidity (num-ber and chord of blades) or hub to tip ratio on an axial fan.
Check if a complete change of fan is warranted
For best efficiency backward bladed fans are larger than forward curved fans for the same duty. The additional first cost may however be more than recovered over the life of the fan. Sometimes fans are found to be oversized for the duty and a smaller fan will then be more effi-cient. A change in width may also be beneficial.
Check the control type of the fan
Where the fan is fitted to a constant orifice system, an inverter speed control is preferred for varying the flow rate. If the system requires constant pressure, a variable geometry fan is suggested. A soft start should be incorporated wherever possible.
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
30
Pay back time for fan replacements depending on power and number of operating hours
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atin
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urs
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]
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16
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
31
Compressed Air
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
32
Motor driven systems - much more than a motor(the compressed air example)
Compressor ControlReceiver Treatment
- Dryer- Filter- Condensate Technology
Distribution
VerbraucherEnd use devices
17
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
33
Refrigeration SystemsRefrigeration compressor Ab-/Adsorption cooling
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
34
Often refrigeration systems are responsible for peak power demand
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WirkleistungGesamt
Wirkleistungohne Kälte
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Power Total
Power w/o cooling
Power cooling
18
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
35
The European Motor Challenge-Program
– Program of the European Commission with voluntary participation
– Target: Improvement of energy efficiency of motor driven systems in industry
– Aim of the Programme:• Reliability• Quality• Costs
of system to be improved
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
36
Structure of the MCP-Program
Partner Guidelines
User of Motor Systems
Compressed Air Module
Pump Module
Fans Module
RefrigerationModule
EnergyManagement
Endorser Guidelines
Manufactureres, ESCO's and other supporting institutions
Drives Module
Distribution ModuleIn preparation
19
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
37
Module-Guidelines•The module descriptions helps the partners to identify possible measures for the participation in the MCP Program.•Basic description of the system. (simple data collection of type, power and use).– Required measurements (e.g. Electricity
consumption, load distribution)– Basic data– Planned efficiency measures
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
38
How to become an MCP Partner
• Partner– Company starts with a motor
system inventory.– Company proposes action plan ,
which contains type and size of the commitment and the list of measures to be undertaken
– EU-Commission approves action plan and grants Partner Status.
– Partner follows the Action plan and reports annually to the Commission
– EU-Commission checks annual report and renew the „Partner“-Status.
• Endorser– Company starts with an inventory of 's
energy saving activities. – Company proposes action plan , which
contains type and size of the commitment and the list of measures to be undertaken
– EU-Commission approves action plan and grants Endorser Status.
– Endorser follows the Action plan and reports annually to the Commission
– EU-Commission checks annual report and renew „Endorser“-Status.
A 5 Step Proceedure
20
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
39
ProMot ww.eu-promot.org
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
40
ProMot Toolbox (Refrigeration, Pumps)
21
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
41
EuroDEEM International / IMSAA (Motors)
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
42
Barriers and Resistance
22
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
43
Killer phrases instead of killer applicationsWe´ve never made it that way.We´ve tried that already in the past.This may be right in theory, but...Others have tried already and failed.If it was that easy, the concurrence would have done it before.Therefore we haven´t got the funds.It´s not worth to do it.We know exactly what our customers want.Draw up all the details first before we do anything.
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
44
Not only one but many reasons for investing in energy efficient motor driven systems
Decrease(energy)
costs
Reduce polluti-on of the envi-
ronment
FacilitateRepairs
obtain a generalidea
Reduce personalcost
ImproveQuality
Prepare for inc-reasing energy
cost
Stabilization ofcompanysituation
reducemaintenance
cost
Guaranteejobs
AchievePR-effects
Simplify regula-tion/ manipula-
tion
Increase/stabilizeturnover
Increaseefficiency
Improveservice
Improve indus-trial safety
23
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
45
Why energy efficiency is a difficult task ?
Multiple Actors with multiple reasons for investing have to select
between multiple different technologiesfrom multiple suppliers
need to get an integrated energy efficient solution
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
46
Market barriers to energy efficiency
Major Barriers
• Reluctance to change a working process
• Pay back time required below two years
• Investment and operation cost are not dealt equally at same time (split budgets)
Major BarriersMajor Barriers
• Reluctance to change a working process
• Pay back time required below two years
• Investment and operation cost are not dealt equally at same time (split budgets)
Moderate Barriers
• Other functional specifications conflict with energy efficiency
• Shortage of capital
Moderate BarriersModerate Barriers
• Other functional specifications conflict with energy efficiency
• Shortage of capital
Medium Barriers
• Missing motivation• Energy efficiency not seen as
priority at the management level
• missing definition of motor system efficiency
• Oversizing of equipment due to unknown load characteristics
Medium BarriersMedium Barriers
• Missing motivation• Energy efficiency not seen as
priority at the management level
• missing definition of motor system efficiency
• Oversizing of equipment due to unknown load characteristics
TechnicalFinancialManagement
24
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
47
Interpreting Barriers
Many barriers of all types show up often due to a lack of informationPay back time seen as a tool for profit analysis and not as an risk indicator. (Note: Investments with a payback time of 4 years can have easily internal rates of return above 15 %)First cost seems to dominate the total cost(Note: Typically energy costs of motor driven systems make up more than 2/3 of the life cycle cost.) Efficiency improvements are related to single components(Note: The component with the lowest efficiency in the system limits the maximum efficiency)
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
48
The key to efficiency are the people behind it
If you want to build a ship then do not gather men to- collect wood,- divide tasks- and to arrange the work.
Teach them the desire for the endless oceans.
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
25
EU-Twinning Project SL04/EN/01Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC)
Peter Radgen, Dr., STEFraunhofer Institute System and Innovation Research, Karlsruhe
Ljubljana, 13 -15 March 2006
Mission 6.2: Energy Efficiency
49
Helpful resources on the web
http://europa.eu.int/comm/energy/index_de.htmlhttp://energyefficiency.jrc.cec.eu.int (Energy)www.motor-challenge.de (Motor systems)www.druckluft-effizient.de (Compressed Air)www.druckluft.ch (Compressed Air)www.eu-promot.org (ProMot; Pumps, Motors, ASD)www.energy.wsu.edu/software/imssa/ (EURODEEM Int.)www.bayern.de/lfu/bestell/index.html (Energy efficiency)