ENERGY EFFICIENCY FOR END USERS

With a Case Study of Energy Progress at Rowan University

AJL RESOURCES LLC – CLEAN ENERGY SYMPOSIUM

Energy Efficiency Actions

This presentation:• Explains why energy efficiency is

important• Documents the actions of Rowan

University in energy efficiency, renewable energy, and emissions reductions.

• Offers suggestions for the implementation of energy efficiency, renewable energy, and emissions reductions at your residence, farm or business.

Why Energy Efficiency ?• High energy costs• Changes in operation and other low cost measures have immediate value• Other measures can have positive cash flow if financed – good return on invested capital• Combining energy efficiency measures and renewable energy measures (or RE purchases) can yield attractive paybacks• Emissions reductions and a better environment - the right thing to do and positive PR• Global and individual security• America has one of the highest energy intensities in the world

Rowan Energy Plan, 1990’s

•Rowan constructed a cogeneration plant in the early 1990’s. The central plant houses a 1.5 MW Kawasaki Turbine that supplies three quarters of the electricity and heat for the campus.

Energy Improvements, 1990 - 2004

• Lighting retrofit with T-8 lighting• 30% of the entire campus has

been retrofitted (5 buildings).

Energy Improvements, 1995 - 2004

45 variable speed drives on motors, fans and pumps installed from 1995 – 2002.

10 - 50 horsepower

Energy Improvements, 2004

Rowan University Facilities began testing biodiesel fuel in their lawn tractors as a pilot program. (2004)

Successful outcomes will result in the expansion in use of this fuel.

Energy Improvements, Ongoing

Recycled 98 tons of paper in 2003, resulting in:-1,960 trees saved-686,000 gallons of H₂O saved-294 cubic yards landfill space avoided-5,980 lbs. of air pollution avoided-enough energy saved to supply 49 homes for a

year.

Energy Actions, 2004

In 2004, Rowan University became an ENERGY STAR Partner Institution Requires Benchmarking of Energy Use at Buildings and Implementation of Cost Effective Energy Efficiency Measures Applicable for Schools, Hospitals, Offices, and Other Buildings AJL Resources LLC is an Energy Star Partner (2001)Positive Public Image and Standing in Community

Ongoing Energy Management

• ENERGY MASTER PLAN– Energy Purchasing

Cost Reduction– Energy Cost Control

Measures (Kw, PF)– Energy Use Auditing

• Buildings and Infrastructure

– Energy Metering– Project Implementation– Energy Growth Projections –

A Campus Growth Plan– Energy Sources – Cogeneration Plant – Continuing Input from Energy Panel

Facilities

Staff

Capital

Energy

Education

STUDENTS

Future Efforts

•Rowan plans to expand and retrofit its old cogeneration plant.•The new cogeneration plant is sized at 4.7 MW. •It will avoid $1,375,000 in fuel and electric expenses per year. •Reductions in CO₂ emissions: approx. 8,950 tons/yr.

Future Efforts

• Retrofit 1 million sq. ft. of buildings with energy efficient lighting.

• Cost over $1 million. • Project will save over $200,000 per year.• Provides a 5 year payback. • Avoid 1,238 tons of CO₂ emissions per

year.

Future Efforts

• A geothermal heat pump system is being investigated to replace the heating and cooling system in an existing 100,000 sq. ft. townhouse complex. • Estimated to cost slightly more than a conventional system • However, life cycle operating costs (capital costs, energy costs and maintenance costs) are lower.

Future Efforts

•Installing submeters.•Read remotely.•Provide automated reporting. •5 year payback. •Avoid 537 tons per year of CO₂ emissions.

Future Efforts

Rowan plans to take a leadership role, along with the NJHEPS Energy Technical Team, in the development of a wind energy farm in south New Jersey to serve several higher educational institutions.

Future Efforts

The planned technologies The planned technologies allow Rowan to expand allow Rowan to expand

its projected its projected 235,000 sq. ft.235,000 sq. ft. and still maintain a and still maintain a

greenhouse gas emissions greenhouse gas emissions levels at or below 1990 levels.levels at or below 1990 levels.

Energy Efficiency MeasuresENERGY BALANCE

0

10

20

30

40

1st Q tr 2nd Q tr 3rd Q tr 4th Q tr

NORTH

SOUTH

INDEP.

GAS

OIL

ELECTRIC

COGEN PLANT

HEATING PLANT

Electric 15,000 Btu/sf/yr

Thermal 50,000 Btu/sf/yr

End Uses – Light, HVAC, Water Heating, Etc.

Energy Efficiency Measures

BIG ENERGY USERS• Lighting• Air Conditioning • Heating• Domestic Hot Water• Computers• Industrial Processes

Energy Efficiency Measures

LIGHTING• Timers / Photocells• Motion Sensors• Compact Fluorescents (socket/pin)• Lower wattage lamps• Electronic Ballasts (T8 or 5

Technology)• Pulse Start HID fixtures• Dimming and Autotransformers (all)• Daylighting, Light Shelves ,

Computer Scheduling

Energy Efficiency Measures

AIR CONDITIONING • Highest EER units (11 to 13 for Residential)• Water Source verses Air Source• Programmable Thermostats• Computer Control - Schedule• Exhaust Air Recovery (Heat Wheel – Plate

and Frame)• Match Outside Air to Requirements• Spot Cool • Dehumidify• Cool Roofs• Proper Condenser location and maintenance• Dehumidification – Avoid reheat• Schedule or convert electric reheat• EFFICIENT CHILLER PLANT DESIGN

Energy Efficiency Measures

HEATING• Highest Efficiency units (93%

condensing furnaces / boilers for Residential)

• Programmable Thermostats• Computer Control - Schedule• Exhaust Air Recovery (Heat Wheel –

Plate and Frame)• Match Outside Air to Requirements• Spot Heat • Insulate and Weatherstrip (also for AC)• Heat Pump reheat with gas• Solar Assist for heat pumps

Energy Efficiency Measures

COMMERCIAL & INDUSTRIAL USERS• Farms and Wastewater Treatment – Methane

Cogeneration• Steam/Hot Water Absorption Air Conditioning • Gas Cogeneration (80% vs. 40% efficient)• Energy Efficient Motors and Variable Speed

Drives• Pipe Insulation• Solar Films• Energy Efficient Design• Steam Traps• Industrial Processes – Efficient

Microprocessor Driven Equipment

Energy Efficiency Measures

MISCELLANEOUS ENERGY USERS

• Domestic Hot Water – Lowest Temp possible, insulated tank, scheduled temperature, Solar or Gas, tankless and point of use technologies

• SOLAR SWIMMING POOL HEATERS• Computers – Shut off monitors and

computers (software and hardware)• Industrial Processes – Site and

Industry specific

Energy Efficiency Measures

SUMMARY• By addressing the envelope of your

facility, and by upgrading and scheduling the operation of mechanical and electrical systems, most users can cost effectively save between 10 – 30% on their energy costs

• There are direct rebates / tax incentives for residential and for commercial users in NJ

• There are sources available to help• Energy efficiency is beneficial to you, your

organization, the environment and global security – we MUST become energy efficient

Energy Efficiency Resources

• Al Lutz, P.E., CEMAJL Resources LLCajlutz1@aol.com

• DOE, EPA, Alliance to Save Energy

• LEED (for Energy Efficient Design)

• WWW.NJHEPS.org