Prepared by Muhammad naveed&Ali raza khan

ENERGY CRISIS IN PAKISTAN

Table of content

• Introduction of energy crisis in Pakistan•Pakistan’s energy sectors• History/background of energy crisis in Pakistan•Purpose for study•Supply and demand•Energy consumption•Energy supply•Recommendations•Conclusion

Introduction

• Energy is considered to be life line of any economy.• Energy crisis canbe defined as any great bottleneck (or price rise) in the supply of energyresources to an economy.

Background

• Pakistan has been facing an unprecedented energy crisis since the last fewyears.

• According to the reports ofWapda, the electricity need of Pakistan increases more rapidly than it can begenerated which cause a major increase in the duration of loadsheading.

Background• History of previous years

Purpose for study

• The main purpose of study is to understand the load shedding in Pakistan

•Pakistan can improve a living standard of

• common people

•Pakistan boost up economy

•Good environment

•More production in Pakistan

•Unemployment will decrease

Pakistan's energy sectors• Pakistan’s energy infrastructure is not well developed

• Considered to be underdeveloped and poorly managed.

• Pakistan's energy sectors are

Coal

Solar energy

Wind energy

Hydro

Wind Energy• Pakistan has been gifted with an immense wind

resource.

•wind energy on lines of China to generate 20,000 MW.

• The Ghoro - Keti Bandar Wind Corridor

spreading 60 km along the coastline of Sindh province

• a potential to generate more than 60,000

MW of electricity.

Solar Energy• Solar sector is the fastest-growing clean-energy industry in the world.

• Electrical energy generated during the day time (5-8 hours of sunshine)

• Stored electricity in deep cycle lead acid batteries which can be used at

night to provide power for lighting, radio, Television and fans.

• Solar Photovoltaic Panels can generate enough

electricity to pump water from depth of 350 ft., 700 ft. and up to 1000 ft.

Solar Energy

coal

•The largest coal reserves of Pakistan exist in Thar which are about 175Billion Tons or 850 Trillion Cubic feet.

coal

Hydro• Total hydroelectric potential in the country has

• Pakistan has an installed hydroelectric capacity of 5,928 MW

• The major hydro-electricity sites are as under:

Diamir Basha Dam 4500 MW Bunji 7100 MW Munda 740 MW ( 9 years for completion) Akhori 600 MW ( 5 years for completion) Kurram Tangi 83.4 MW (4 years for completion) Other small and medium size projects: 22,986 MW

Supply and demand• The total power production capacity in country is 19,500MW

• Country is falling short of 4500MW

• The demand of electricity is growing at the annual rate of 9%,whilesupply of electricity is increasing at comparatively slower rate of 7%

• According to a surveyHousehold sector 44.2%Industries 31.1%Agriculture 14.3%Government sector 7.4%Commercial 5.5%Street lights 0.7%

Recommendation• some recommendations for resolving the energy crisis in thecountry:• Funds must be initiated on the priority basis to solve the biggest and mostimportant problem of the energy crises.• To overcome the problem on urgent basis, electricity from theneighboring countries.•Removing the Circular Debt of WAPDA• Ensuring payment of dues by the government departments andagencies.

Recommendation

• The funds allocated by the Federal Government are not large enough to

initiate mega generation projects

• The funds allocated for solving energy crisis should be used for

rehabilitation of thermal power units.

• Government should also enhance partnership with trade partners like

China to establish Photo Voltaic cell manufacturing units in Pakistan in

order to promote solar energy.

conclusion

•We identified that the Government is not serious in paying the IPP’scircular Debt.

•We identified that WAPDA is facing huge line losses due to electricity theftor illegal usage of electricity.

conclusion

•We identified that most of the systems here run on either Gas or Coal i-ethey are thermal systems.

• Pakistan being rich in hydro-electricity resources can generate all of itselectricity through water but this sector is totally neglected by theGovernment and no mega Dam project is initiated for the last 30 years.