Energy Conservation through Human Behavior Change...Sep 02, 2019 · Commercial / public services...
Transcript of Energy Conservation through Human Behavior Change...Sep 02, 2019 · Commercial / public services...
Energy Conservation through Human Behaviour Change
Nimal PereraPast President / Director
Sri Lanka Energy Managers Association (SLEMA)Consultant
Energy, Environment, Climate change and sustainable Productivity
SAARK Workshop on“Techniques on Energy Conservation and Efficiency in Buildings”
Hotel Heritance Kandalama, Dambulla, Sri Lanka26 - 28 August 2019
Behaviors and behavioral science• Behaviours
• Way in which one acts or conducts oneself, especially towards surrounding environment.
• Way in which an animal or person behaves in response to a particular situation or stimulus or environmental situation
• Way in which a machine or natural phenomenon works or functions• Ex. Natural / Environmental behaviours
• Behavioral science• The scientific study on behaviours of living beings including human and
animal
• Include psychology, psychobiology, anthropology, and cognitive science.
• Generally, behavior science deals primarily with human action and often seeks to generalize about human behavior as it relates to society
C
C
C
C
C
Sugar / Glucose Solar energy converted to
chemical energy
Starch
CelluloseLigno-cellulose
Sun, Bio photocells andEnergy storages
O C O
Types of human behaviours• Conscious
• State of awareness of thoughts, feelings, perception and what is happening in the environment
• Unconscious• Opposite of conscious / without aware or conscious
• Overt• open to public observation
• Covert• Unseen objects such as thoughts, feelings or responses which are easily not seen
• Rational• Pertaining to reason, influenced or guided by reason rather than emotion
• Irrational• Illogical
• Voluntary• Doing something against your will, action made without intent of carried out despite an attempt
to prevent them
• Simple• Living with minimal satisfaction Ex; what you see is what you get
• Complex• Compound complicated behaviours. Ex; Drug addicted
Types of human behaviours• Conscious
• State of awareness of thoughts, feelings, perception and what is happening in the environment
• Unconscious• Opposite of conscious / without aware or conscious
• Overt• open to public observation
• Covert• Unseen objects such as thoughts, feelings or responses which are easily not seen
• Rational• Pertaining to reason, influenced or guided by reason rather than emotion
• Irrational• Illogical
• Voluntary• Doing something against your will, action made without intent of carried out despite an attempt
to prevent them
• Simple• Living with minimal satisfaction Ex; what you see is what you get
• Complex• Compound complicated behaviours. Ex; Drug addicted
Conservation• Prevention of wasteful use of a resource
• The principle by which the total value of a physical quantity or parameter of a particular resource remains constant in a system which is not subject to external influence but will have a usefulness of particular this resource through a socio – economical perspective
• Energy conservation with • Consciously,
• Overtly,
• Rationally,
• Voluntarily
• Simple
Daily national electricity demand / load curvewith behavioral patterns
Behavioral change and Electricity Demand Profile change
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2014 2013 2012 2010 2007 2005 2003 2000
Energy conservation
Energy waste
BehavioursHuman
Sustainability Unsustainability
Constructive Destructive
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MilestonePer capita daily energy consumption (Thousand kilo Calories)
Preparing food Agriculture Industries Transport Total
Information Age – 245 * 103 Kilo Calories
Early Human – Homo erectus (~ million years before) 2 2
Hunting Human (100 thousand years before) 3 2 5
Early agricultural age Human (around 5000 BC) 4 4 4 12
Agricultural Industrialist (around 1400 AD) 6 12 7 1 26
Industrialist (from 1875 AD) 7 32 24 14 77
Modern Man (from 1970 AD) 10 66 91 63 230
Global human energy consumption
Source: Arstechnica.com
Human population?
Decade % increase in Energy Vs. Human Population Change
Source: Our finite world
Global per capita Energy consumption Vs. CO2
Source: Our finite world
Strong need in human behavioral change in human energy consumption patterns
World Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions by sector or source - 2014
Electricity & Heat
Production49%
Transport20%
Manufacturing & construction
20%
Residential buildings &
Commercial / public services
9%
Other sectors2%
Increasing Challenge of climate change
Warming planet
Need for a sustainable lifestyle• Sustainable living is
fundamentally the application of sustainability to lifestyle choice and decisions
• Living with balanced triple-bottom-lines
• Meeting present ecological, societal, and economical needs without compromising same factors for future generations
SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
“through energy perspective”▪ Dimensions
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!
Appliances, materials, services etc. that use energy efficiently
Systems that cansupport the achievementof energy efficiency goals
Personal values, attitudes and practices of individuals that impact on energy use
SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
▪ Key behaviours for a sustainable lifestyle
❑ Greening the home (retrofitting)
❑ Lifecycle perspective
❑ Using energy (and other utilities) wisely
❑ Extending the life of things (to minimize waste)
❑ Managing cooking and a sustainable & healthier diet
❑ Choosing eco-products & services
❑ Travelling sustainably
❑ Setting up & using resources in the community
❑ Using & futureproofing outdoor spaces
❑ Being part of improving the environment
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SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
▪ Decisive Choices
❑ Example: Choice of food
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Energy required to produce 1kg
Corn
Milk
Apples
Eggs
Chicken
Cheese
Beef
Pork
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
▪ Decisive Choices
❑ Example: Choice of food
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Liters of water required to produce 1kg
Food TypeLC Water requirement
(liters/kg)
Potatoes 500
Wheat 900
Sorghum 1100
Maize 1400
Rice 1900
Soya beans 2000
Chicken 3500
Beef 50,000
SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
▪ Decisive Choices
❑ Example: Choice of food
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Per Capita Meat Consumption vs GNI/capita/yr
America
England
Brazil
China
India
0 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000
140
120
100
80
60
40
0
20
GNI/capita/yr
Meat
co
nsu
mp
tio
n/c
ap
ita/y
r More
development
More meat !
Why not
this?
Less meat, Less Emissions!!
SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
▪ Decisive Choices
❑ Example: Choice of energy
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Carbon Intensity of Energy Sources
LC GHG Emissions (tCO2e/GWh)
En
erg
y R
eso
urc
e
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200
ÄGn û T
g L a ³ r #
@wL
Sv `X ì̀ k v `ý v
å Ry @k ~;
ù w`py
» v \ Kñ y
pr m̀È k b l y
j l ì ÚÄy
ä l A
h Ýw`g r̀ v `ý ì @m~c n y [tCO2e/GWh]
w`K
;z
y
Wind
Hydro
Nuclear
Bioenergy
Geo-thermal
Solar PV
Coal
Oil
Lignite
NG
Fossils
Renewables
SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
▪ Decisive Choices
❑ Example: Choice of water resource
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Energy requirement for water supply
Lake or river: 0.37 kWh/m3
Ground Water: 0.48 kWh/m3
Wastewater treatment: 0.62 – 0.87 kWh/m3
Seawater: 2.85 – 8.50 kWh/m3
Wastewater reuse: 1.0 – 2.5 kWh/m3
SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
▪ Decisive Choices
❑ Example: Choice of Transport
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Energy requirement for passenger transportation
0.05 liter/passenger km
0.025 liter/passenger km
0.0025 liter/passenger km
0 liter/passenger km
0.008 liter/passenger km
SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
▪ Decisive Choices
❑ Example: Choice of Appliances
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100 W 20 W 15 W
0 W
0 W
SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE
▪ KPI
❑ HH Energy Modesty Index
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0
20
40
60
80
100ES1
ES2
ES3
ES4
ES5
ES6
ES7
ES8ES9
ES10
ES11
ES12
ES13
ES14
ES15
HH1
HH2
Energy Services
ES1: Lighting
ES2: Refrigeration
ES3: Ironing
ES4: Cloth Washing
ES5: Food preparation
ES6: Cooking
ES7: Rice cooker / Oven / Microwave
ES8: Water Heating / boiling
ES9: Water pump
ES10: Ventilation and Air Conditioning
ES11: Mobile Charger / CDMA
ES12: Computer
ES13: TV
ES14: Cassette Recorder / Radio / DVD
ES15: Other equipment / Services
Need beyond triple bottom approach for human Behaviour change
Conscience
End of presentation