Endocrine System Drugs ATI

7/25/2019 Endocrine System Drugs ATI

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Endocrine System Drugs

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the alpha-

glucosidase inhibitor drug whose generic name is acarbose?"

answer="Precose"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the amylin mimeticdrug whose generic name is pramlintide?" answer="ymlin"/>

<question question="What are the brand/trade names of the antidiuretic

hormone drug whose generic name is desmopressin? " answer="!!#P$ timate$

%inirin"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the antithyroid drug

whose generic name is propylthiouracil &P'()?" answer="Propyl-'hyracil"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the antithyroid

drug/radioacti*e iodine drug whose generic name is iodine-+,+ ?"

answer="odotope"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the biguanide drug

whose generic name is metformin? " answer=".lucophage"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the gliptin drug

whose generic name is sitagliptin? " answer="anu*ia"/>

<question question="What are the brand/trade names of the glucocorticoid

drug whose generic name is hydrocortisone?" answer="0ydrocortone$ olu-

1ortef"/>

<question question="What are the brand/trade names of the growth hormone

drug whose generic name is somatropin?" answer=".enotropin$ 2utropin$

0umatrope$ erostim"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the hyperglycemic

agent drug whose generic name is glucagon?" answer=".luca.en"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the incretin mimetic

drug whose generic name is e3enatide? " answer="4yetta"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the meglitinide drug

whose generic name is repaglinide? " answer="Prandin"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the

mineralocorticoid drug whose generic name is fludrocortisone? "

answer="5lorinef cetate"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the sulfonylurea

drug whose generic name is glipi6ide?" answer=" .lucotrol"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the

thia6olidinedione drug whose generic name is rosiglita6one?"answer="*andia"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the thyroid

replacement drug whose generic name is le*othyro3ine?" answer="ynthroid"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the rapid-acting

insulin drug whose generic name is 7ispro?" answer="0umalog"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the short-acting

insulin drug whose generic name is 8egular?" answer="0umulin 8"/>



<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the intermediate-

acting insulin drug whose generic name is 2P0?" answer="0umulin 2"/>

<question question="What is the brand/trade name of the long-acting

insulin drug whose generic name is insulin glargine?" answer="7antus"/>

</chapter>

<chapter 1hapter2ame=".eneric !rugs"><question question="What is the generic name of the

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor drug whose brand/trade name is Precose?" answer="

acarbose"/>

<question question="What is the generic name of the

amylin mimetic drug whose brand/trade name is ymlin?" answer="pramlintide "/>


antidiuretic hormone drug whose brand/trade names are !!#P$ timate$

%inirin?" answer="desmopressin "/>


antithyroid drug whose brand/trade name is Propyl-'hyracil?"

answer="propylthiouracil &P'()"/>


antithyroid drug/radioacti*e iodine drug whose brand/trade name is odotope?"

answer="iodine-+,+ "/>


biguanide drug whose brand/trade name is .lucophage?" answer="metformin "/>


gliptin drug whose brand/trade name is anu*ia?" answer="sitagliptin"/>


glucocorticoid drug whose brand/trade names are 0ydrocortone and olu-1ortef?"

answer="hydrocortisone "/>


growth hormone drug whose brand/trade names are .enotropin$ 2utropin$

0umatrope$ and erostim?" answer="somatropin"/>


hyperglycemic agent whose brand/trade name is .luca.en?" answer="glucagon"/>


incretin mimetic drug whose brand/trade name is 4yetta?" answer="e3enatide "/>


meglitinide drug whose brand/trade name is Prandin?" answer="repaglinide"/>


mineralocorticoid drug whose brand/trade name is 5lorinef cetate?"answer="fludrocortisone "/>


sulfonylurea drug whose brand/trade name is .lucotrol?" answer="glipi6ide "/>


thia6olidinedione drug whose brand/trade name is *andia?"

answer="rosiglita6one"/>




thyroid replacement drug whose brand/trade name is ynthroid?"

answer="le*othyro3ine "/>


rapid-acting insulin drug whose brand/trade name is 0umalog? "

answer="7ispro"/><question question="What is the generic name of the

short-acting insulin drug whose brand/trade name is 0umulin 8? "

answer="8egular"/>


intermediate-acting insulin drug whose brand/trade name is 0umulin 2?"

answer="2P0 insulin"/>


long-acting insulin drug whose brand/trade name is 7antus? " answer="insulin

glargine"/>

</chapter>

<chapter 1hapter2ame="'herapeutic (ses">

<question question="What is the therapeutic use for the

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor drug acarbose &Precose)?" answer="'ype 9 diabetes

mellitus$ with or without drug therapy with insulin$ a sulfonylurea$ or

metformin &.lucophage)"/>


amylin mimetic drug pramlintide &ymlin)?" answer="'ypes + and 9 diabetes

mellitus &as an insulin or hypoglycemic drug supplement)"/>


antidiuretic hormone desmopressin &!!#P$ timate$ %inirin)?" answer="!iabetes

insipidus

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What are some of the therapeutic

uses for the antithyroid drug propylthiouracil :P'(; &Propyl-'hyracil)?"

answer="<ul><li> 0yperthyroidism &.ra*es disease)

</li><li>'hyroto3ic crisis

</li><li>uppression of thyroid hormone production in preparation for

thyroidectomy

</li></ul>"/>


uses for the antithyroid drug/radioacti*e iodine drug iodine-+,+ &odotope)?"answer="<ul><li> 0yperthyroidism &.ra*es disease)

</li><li>'hyroid cancer

</li></ul>"/>


biguanide drug metformin &.lucophage)?" answer="'ype 9 diabetes mellitus"/>




gliptin drug sitagliptin &anu*ia)?" answer="'reats type 9 diabetes alone or

in combination with other drugs for diabetes"/>


glucocorticoid drug hydrocortisone &0ydrocortone$ olu-1ortef)?"

answer="8eplacement therapy for acute and chronic adrenocortical insufficiency&ddisons disease)

</li></ul>"/>


uses for the growth hormone somatropin &.enotropin$ 2utropin$ 0umatrope$

erostim)?" answer="<ul><li> .rowth hormone deficiencies$ such as 'urners

syndrome

</li><li>.rowth hormone deficiency in adults to increase lean muscle mass

</li><li>! wasting syndrome

</li></ul>"/>


hyperglycemic agent glucagon &.luca.en)?" answer="0ypoglycemia from an insulin

o*erdose"/>


incretin mimetic drug e3enatide &4yetta)?" answer="'ype 9 diabetes mellitus$

as a supplement to sulfonylureas or metformin &.lucophage)"/>


insulin drugs 7ispro &0umalog)$ 8egular &0umulin 8)$ 2P0 insulin &0umulin 2)$

insulin glargine &7antus)?" answer="!iabetes mellitus &type +$ type 9$

gestational)"/>


meglitinide drug repaglinide &Prandin)?" answer="'ype 9 diabetes mellitus"/>


mineralocorticoid drug fludrocortisone &5lorinef cetate)?"

answer="8eplacement therapy for acute and chronic adrenocortical insufficiency

&ddisons disease$ primary hypoaldosteronism$ congenital adrenal hyperplasia)

usually along with hydrocortisone"/>


sulfonylurea drug glipi6ide &.lucotrol)?" answer="'ype 9 diabetes mellitus"/>


thia6olidinedione drug rosiglita6one &*andia)?" answer="'ype 9 diabetes

mellitus$ with or without drug therapy with insulin or metformin&.lucophage)"/>


thyroid replacement drug le*othyro3ine &ynthroid)?" answer="0ypothyroidism"/>

</chapter>

<chapter 1hapter2ame="dministration 1onsiderations">



<question question="0ow should the alpha-glucosidase

inhibitor acarbose &Precose) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e with the first

bite of food$ three times a day

</li><li>'ell patients who sip a meal to also sip the dose they usually tae

with that meal and to tae only one dose at the ne3t meal

</li></ul>"/><question question="0ow should the amylin mimetic drug

pramlintide &ymlin) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> !o not mi3 with insulin in

the same syringe

</li><li>.i*e subcutaneously in the thigh or abdomen prior to meals that

contain at least , g of carbohydrates

</li><li>8otate in@ection sites

</li><li>A3pect the pea action 9 min after dosing

</li><li>8efrigerate unopened *ials until their e3piration date

</li><li>Beep *ials in use at room temperature for 9C days

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the antidiuretic hormone

drug desmopressin &!!#P$ timate$ %inirin) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li>

dminister orally$ intranasally$ subcutaneously$ or #

</li><li>pray the nasal form high into the nasal ca*ity but not into the

throat

</li><li>%onitor blood pressure$ intae and output$ urine and plasma

osmolality$ and creatinine clearance

</li><li>A3pect lifelong therapy

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the antithyroid drug

propylthiouracil :P'(; &Propyl-'hyracil) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e

orally at regular inter*als$ such as e*ery C hr

</li><li>%easure baseline *ital signs and weight$ and monitor periodically

thereafter

</li><li>%onitor triiodothyronine and thyro3ine le*els

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the antithyroid

drug/radioacti*e iodine drug iodine-+,+ &odotope) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li>

.i*e orally once$ although some patients require subsequent dosing

</li><li>Dbtain a negati*e pregnancy test before administration

</li><li>%easure baseline *ital signs and weight$ and monitor periodically

thereafter</li><li>nitiate radiation precautions for large doses &limited contact$

increased fluids$ body waste disposal per facility protocol)

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the biguanide drug

metformin &.lucophage) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e orally twice a day

with the morning and e*ening meals &immediate-release) or once a day with the

e*ening meal &e3tended-release)



</li><li>%ae sure patients swallow the e3tended-release form whole and do not

crush or chew it

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the gliptin drug

sitagliptin &anu*ia) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> dminister orally alone oras metformin/sitagliptin &anumet)

</li><li>.i*e with or without food

</li><li>.i*e a reduced dosage to patients who ha*e se*ere renal impairment

and low creatinine clearance

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the glucocorticoid drug

hydrocortisone &0ydrocortone$ olu-1ortef) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e

orally for chronic adrenal insufficiency$ as a total daily dose at bedtime or

in di*ided doses &two thirds in the morning and one third in the early

afternoon)

</li><li>.i*e # for acute and emergency situations

</li><li>Dbtain 141$ electrolyte$ glucose$ and glucocorticoid le*els at

baseline and periodically thereafter

</li><li>%ae sure patients wear a medical alert band and carry an emergency

supply of glucocorticoids

</li><li>'aper the dose slowly to establish the lowest possible oral dose

</li><li>.i*e supplemental doses as needed in times of stress

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the growth hormone

somatropin &.enotropin$ 2utropin$ 0umatrope$ erostim) be gi*en?"

answer="<ul><li> .i*e % or subcutaneously &preferable)

</li><li>!osage is based on weight

</li><li>.i*e daily or se*eral times a wee

</li><li>Dbtain baseline height$ weight$ thyroid function$ and growth hormone

le*els and monitor monthlyE obtain yearly 3-rays of long bones

</li><li>When reconstituting the drug$ rotate the *ial gentlyE do not shae

it

</li><li>n@ect subcutaneously into the abdomen and thighs$ and rotate sites

</li><li>!iscontinue treatment prior to epiphyseal closure in children

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the hyperglycemic agent

glucagon &.luca.en) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e #$ %$ orsubcutaneously

</li><li>A3pect unconscious patients to regain consciousness about 9 min

after # administration

</li><li>Pro*ide food after patients regain consciousness and can swallow

</li><li>4e aware that$ for se*ere hypoglycemia$ # glucose is the treatment

of choice because it acts faster than glucagon does

</li></ul>"/>



<question question="0ow should the incretin mimetic

drug e3enatide &4yetta) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e subcutaneously into

the thigh$ abdomen$ or upper arm up to F min prior to the morning and e*ening

meals$ not after meals

</li><li>8otate in@ection sites

</li><li>A3pect the pea action 9 hr after dosing</li><li>'he in@ection pen is a*ailable in G mcg and + mcg doses

</li><li>5ollow manufacturers instructions for "2ew Pen etup"

</li><li>(se needle si6e prescribed by pro*ider

</li><li>(se new needle each time in@ection pen is used

</li><li>Beep pens in use at room temperature up to , days

</li><li>!o not store pens with needle attached

</li><li>8efrigerate unused in@ector pens until their e3piration date

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the insulin drugs$

7ispro &0umalog)$ 8egular &0umulin 8)$ 2P0 insulin &0umulin 2)$ insulin

glargine &7antus) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e subcutaneously &using an

insulin syringe) or # &2P0 subcutaneously only)

</li><li>elect an appropriate needle length for in@ecting insulin into

subcutaneous tissue *ersus intradermal &too short) or intramuscular &too

long)

</li><li>5or insulin suspensions$ gently rotate the *ial between your palms to

disperse the particles

</li><li>When mi3ing short-acting insulin with longer-acting insulin$ draw the

short-acting insulin into the syringe first$ then the longer-acting insulin

</li><li>!o not mi3 insulin glargine or insulin detemir with any other

insulin

</li><li>!o not administer short-acting insulins if they appear cloudy or

discolored

</li><li>nstruct patients to self-administer insulin subcutaneously in one

general area for consistent absorption rates

</li><li>Beep *ials in use at room temperature for + month

</li><li>8efrigerate unopened *ials of a single type of insulin until their

e3piration date

</li><li>Beep insulins premi3ed in syringes for + to 9 wees under

refrigeration and *ertical$ with the needles pointing upward Prior to

administration$ resuspend the insulin *ia gentle motion

</li><li>A3pect dosage ad@ustments in response to caloric intae$ infection$e3ercise$ stress$ growth spurts$ and pregnancy

</li><li>%ae sure adequate glucose is a*ailable at onset and pea insulin

times

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the meglitinide drug

repaglinide &Prandin) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e orally , min or less

before meals$ usually three times a day



</li><li>'ell patients to sip a dose if they sip a meal and to add a dose if

they add a meal

</li><li>!o not e3ceed four doses per day

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the mineralocorticoid

drug fludrocortisone &5lorinef cetate) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*eorally daily or three times a wee

</li><li>Dbtain 141 and electrolyte le*els at baseline and periodically

thereafter

</li><li>%ae sure patients wear a medical alert band

</li><li>A3pect lifelong therapy

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the sulfonylurea drug

glipi6ide &.lucotrol) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e orally and , min

before selected meals

</li><li>%ae sure patients swallow the sustained-release form whole and do

not crush or chew it

</li><li>%ae sure patients who are pregnant stop taing it at least HC hr

before deli*ery

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="0ow should the thia6olidinedione

drug rosiglita6one &*andia) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e orally once or

twice a day with or without food"/>

<question question="0ow should the thyroid replacement

drug le*othyro3ine &ynthroid) be gi*en?" answer="<ul><li> .i*e orally to

treat hypothyroidism and # to treat my3edema coma

</li><li>.i*e daily on an empty stomach &at least , min before breafast)

</li><li>%easure baseline *ital signs$ weight$ and height$ and monitor

periodically thereafter

</li><li>%onitor for cardiac e3citability &angina$ chest pain$ palpitations$

dysrhythmias)

</li><li>%onitor thyro3ine and thyroid-stimulating hormone le*els

</li><li>4e aware that the *arious formulations of thyro3ine are not

interchangeableE instruct patients to notify the pro*ider if a pharmacy

dispenses a different le*othyro3ine product

</li><li>A3pect lifelong replacement therapy

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What is the onset of action timefor rapid-acting insulins? " answer="7ess than +G min"/>

<question question="What is the onset of action time

for short-acting insulins? " answer=", to F min"/>


for intermediate-acting insulins? " answer="+ to 9 hr"/>


for long-acting insulins? " answer="+ hr"/>



<question question="What is the pea action time for

rapid-acting insulins?" answer=", to F min"/>


short-acting insulins?" answer="9 to , hr"/>


intermediate-acting insulins?" answer="H to +9 hr"/><question question="What is the pea action time of the

drug classified as a long-acting inulin?" answer="'here is no pea timeE the

le*els are steady"/>

<question question="What is the duration of action time

for rapid-acting insulins?" answer=", to H hr"/>


for short-acting insulins?" answer="G to I hr"/>


for intermediate-acting insulins?" answer="+C to 9H hr"/>


for long-acting insulins?" answer="9H hr"/>

</chapter>

<chapter 1hapter2ame="1ommon ide Affects">

<question question="What are some of the side and/or

ad*erse effects of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor drug acarbose &Precose)?"

answer="<ul><li> !istention$ flatus$ hyperacti*e bowel sounds$ diarrhea

</li><li>0ypoglycemia &combination therapy with insulin or a sulfonylurea)

</li><li>7i*er dysfunction

</li><li>nemia

</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the amylin mimetic drug pramlintide &ymlin)?"

answer="<ul><li> 0ypoglycemia &se*ere) when combined with insulin

</li><li>2ausea

</li><li>n@ection site reactions

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What is a side and/or ad*erse

effect of the antidiuretic hormone desmopressin &!!#P$ timate$ %inirin)?"

answer="5luid retention &leading to water into3ication)$ hyponatremia

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What are some of the side and/orad*erse effects of the antithyroid drug propylthiouracil :P'(; &Propyl-

'hyracil)?" answer="<ul><li> 0ypothyroidism

</li><li>granulocytosis

</li><li>8ash

</li><li>rthralgia$ myalgia$ headache

</li></ul>"/>




ad*erse effects of the antithyroid drug/radioacti*e iodine drug iodine-+,+

&odotope)?" answer="<ul><li> 0ypothyroidism &e3pected for most patients$ but

still requires drug therapy)

</li><li>4one marrow depression &rare)

</li><li>8adiation sicness &rare)</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the biguanide drug metformin &.lucophage)?"

answer="<ul><li> 7actic acidosis &rare$ but potentially fatal)

</li><li>2ausea$ diarrhea$ anore3ia

</li><li>#itamin deficiencies &*itamin 4+9$ folic acid)

</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the gliptin drug sitagliptin &anu*ia)?" answer="<ul><li>

(pper respiratory tract infection and inflamed nasal passages

</li><li>0eadache

</li><li>Pancreatitis

</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the glucocorticoid drug hydrocortisone &0ydrocortone$ olu-

1ortef)?" answer="<ul><li> 5ew at low$ therapeutic le*els

</li><li>%ultiple at high le*els needed to suppress inflammation and the

immune system

</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the growth hormone somatropin &.enotropin$ 2utropin$

0umatrope$ erostim)?" answer="<ul><li> 0yperglycemia

</li><li>%yalgia

</li><li>0ypercalciuria

</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the hyperglycemic agent glucagon &.luca.en)?"

answer="2ausea$ *omiting"/>


ad*erse effects of the incretin mimetic drug e3enatide &4yetta)?"

answer="<ul><li> 0ypoglycemia

</li><li>2ausea$ *omiting$ diarrhea</li><li>Pancreatitis

</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the insulin drugs$ lispro &0umalog)$ regular &0umulin 8)$

2P0 &0umulin 2)$ insulin glargine &7antus)?" answer="<ul><li> 0ypoglycemia

</li><li>7ipohypertrophy

</li><li>0ypoalemia



</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the meglitinide drug repaglinide &Prandin)?"


</li><li>2ausea$ diarrhea

</li></ul>"/><question question="What are some of the side and/or

ad*erse effects of the mineralocorticoid drug fludrocortisone &5lorinef

cetate)?" answer="<ul><li> 5ew at low$ therapeutic le*els

</li><li>t le*els abo*e therapeutic$ fluid and electrolyte imbalances that

can lead to hypertension$ edema$ heart failure$ hypoalemia

</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the sulfonylurea drug glipi6ide &.lucotrol)?"


</li><li>2ausea$ diarrhea

</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the thia6olidinedione drug rosiglita6one &*andia)?"

answer="<ul><li> 5luid retention

</li><li>0epatoto3icity

</li><li>erum lipid le*els

</li></ul>"/>


ad*erse effects of the thyroid replacement drug le*othyro3ine &ynthroid)?"

answer="<ul><li> 0yperthyroidism &from e3cessi*e doses) - an3iety$

tachycardia$ palpitations$ tremors$ altered appetite$ abdominal cramping$

diarrhea$ heat intolerance$ fe*er$ diaphoresis$ weight loss$ menstrual

irregularities"/>

</chapter>

<chapter 1hapter2ame="2ursing nter*entions">

<question question="What inter*entions should the

health care professional use when caring for a patient who is taing the

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor drug acarbose &Precose)?" answer="<ul><li> %onitor

hyperacti*e bowel sounds$ distention$ and diarrhea

</li><li>8eport persistent gastric distress

</li><li>%onitor for signs of hypoglycemia &diaphoresis$ tachycardia$ fatigue$

e3cessi*e hunger$ tremors)</li><li>'reat hypoglycemia with H g of de3trose$ not glucose

</li><li>%easure li*er en6ymes at baseline$ e*ery , months for the first year$

and periodically thereafter

</li><li>top drug therapy for indications of li*er in@ury

</li><li>%onitor 141

</li><li>Watch for indications of anemia &pallor$ fatigue$ shortness of

breath)



</li><li>8ecommend iron-rich foods and supplements accordingly

</li></ul>"/>



amylin mimetic drug pramlintide &ymlin)?" answer="<ul><li> 8ecommend a

reduced insulin dosage when initiating therapy</li><li>%onitor for signs of hypoglycemia$ which tends to occur within , hr

after dosing

</li><li>8ecommend gradual titration of doses

</li><li>%onitor for persistent nausea and *omiting &more common with type +

than with type 9 diabetes mellitus)

</li><li>(se appropriate in@ection technique to pre*ent in@ection-site

reactions

</li></ul>"/>



antidiuretic hormone drug desmopressin &!!#P$ timate$ %inirin)? "

answer="<ul><li> %onitor for headache$ confusion$ or other signs of water

into3ication

</li><li>%onitor fluid intae and output

</li><li>%onitor serum sodium le*els

</li><li>8estrict fluid intae when appropriate

</li><li>8ecommend diuretic therapy for moderate and se*ere fluid retention

</li><li>%onitor for signs of myocardial infarction$ angina pectoris$ or

cardiac insufficiency

</li></ul>"/>



antithyroid drug propylthiouracil &P'() &Propyl-'hyracil)?" answer="<ul><li>

%onitor thyroid function

</li><li>%onitor for indications of hypothyroidism &drowsiness$ depression$

weight gain$ edema$ bradycardia$ anore3ia$ cold intolerance$ dry sin$

menorrhagia)

</li><li>8ecommend a reduced dosage for patients who de*elop hypothyroidism

</li><li>%onitor 141 at baseline and periodically thereafter &leuocytes$

neutrophils)

</li><li>%onitor for indications of agranulocytosisE for these symptoms$ stop

therapy</li><li>%onitor integumentary status because the drug can cause a rash

</li><li>%onitor for @oint and muscle pain and headache

</li></ul>"/>



antithyroid drug/radioacti*e iodine drug iodine-+,+ &odotope)?"

answer="<ul><li> %onitor thyroid function



</li><li>%onitor for indications of hypothyroidism &drowsiness$ depression$

weight gain$ edema$ bradycardia$ anore3ia$ cold intolerance$ dry sin$

menorrhagia)

</li><li>%onitor 141 and platelet count at baseline and periodically

thereafter

</li><li>%onitor for indications of anemia$ leuopenia$ and thrombocytopenia</li><li>%onitor for manifestations of radiation sicness &hematemesis$

epista3is$ intense nausea$ *omiting)

</li></ul>"/>



biguanide drug metformin &.lucophage)?" answer="<ul><li> %onitor for

indications of lactic acidosis

</li><li>5or signs of lactic acidosis$ stop drug therapy immediately

</li><li>A3pect that se*ere lactic acidosis will require hemodialysis

</li><li>%onitor for persistent nausea$ *omiting$ or diarrhea


</li><li>%onitor for indications of *itamin 4+9 or folic acid deficiency

</li><li>8ecommend appropriate supplements

</li></ul>"/>



gliptin drug sitagliptin &anu*ia)?" answer="<ul><li> %onitor for respiratory

symptoms

</li><li>%onitor temperature if respiratory effects occur

</li><li>%onitor for headaches

</li><li>dminister o*er-the-counter analgesic for persistent headache$ if

pro*ider appro*es

</li><li>%onitor for gastrointestinal effects that could be signs of

pancreatitis

</li><li>4e prepared to monitor blood amylase le*el to help confirm

pancreatitis

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What inter*ention should the health

care professional use when caring for a patient who is taing the

glucocorticoid drug hydrocortisone &0ydrocortone$ olu-1ortef)?"

answer="%onitor for side effects related to inappropriate dosing$ such as

hypercortisolism &hyperglycemia$ fat redistribution$ osteoporosis) orhypocortisolism &fatigue$ weaness$ weight loss$ hypoglycemia)

</li></ul>"/>



growth hormone somatropin &.enotropin$ 2utropin$ 0umatrope$ erostim)?"

answer="<ul><li> %onitor blood glucose le*els

</li><li>%onitor for muscle pain and administer a mild analgesic as needed



</li><li>%onitor urine calcium because the drug can cause increased le*els

</li><li>%onitor for renal stones

</li></ul>"/>



hyperglycemic agent glucagon &.luca.en)?" answer="<ul><li> 5or an unconsciouspatient$ turn on side to pre*ent aspiration from *omiting

</li><li>%onitor for persistent nausea and *omiting

</li><li>%onitor fluid and carbohydrate intae

</li></ul>"/>



incretin mimetic drug e3enatide &4yetta)?" answer="<ul><li> 8ecommend a

reduced oral hypoglycemic drug dosage when initiating therapy

</li><li>%onitor for signs of hypoglycemia


</li><li>%onitor fluid and carbohydrate intae

</li><li>%onitor for indications of pancreatitisE stop drug therapy if they

occur

</li></ul>"/>



insulin drugs$ 7ispro &0umalog)$ 8egular &0umulin 8)$ 2P0 insulin &0umulin 2)$

insulin glargine &7antus)?" answer="<ul><li> %onitor for signs of hypoglycemia

&abrupt onsetJ tachycardia$ palpitations$ diaphoresis$ shainessE gradual

onsetJ headache$ tremors$ weaness)

</li><li>1hec blood glucose le*el to confirm hypoglycemia$ then gi*e +G g of

carbohydrate &H o6 fruit @uice$ + tbsp honey$ glucose tablets per

manufacturers suggestion to equal +G g)

</li><li>5or an unconscious patient$ administer glucose or glucagon

parenterally

</li><li>%onitor sin for subcutaneous fat accumulation

</li><li>%onitor potassium le*els

</li><li>%onitor A1.

</li><li>%onitor for indications of hypoalemia

</li></ul>"/>


health care professional use when caring for a patient who is taing themeglitinide drug repaglinide &Prandin)?" answer="<ul><li> %onitor for signs of

hypoglycemia &diaphoresis$ tachycardia$ fatigue$ e3cessi*e hunger$ tremors)

</li><li>.i*e +G to 9 g carbohydrate to treat hypoglycemia

</li><li>f the patient is conscious$ gi*e glucose orally either in pill form$

H o6 of fruit @uice$ F saltines$ or + tbsp of honey

</li><li>f the patient is unconscious$ gi*e # glucoseE gi*e glucagon + mg

either subcutaneously or intramuscularly



</li><li>1hec the patients blood glucose e*ery +G to 9 min

</li><li>1ontinue treatment until blood glucose has returned to the e3pected

reference range and the patient is no longer symptomatic



</li></ul>"/><question question="What inter*ention should the health

care professional use when caring for a patient who is taing the

mineralocorticoid drug fludrocortisone &5lorinef cetate)?" answer="%onitor

for side effects related to e3cess dosing &increase in weight$ fluid

retention$ increase in blood pressure$ hypoalemia) or inadequate dosing

&weight loss$ poor appetite$ fatigue$ muscle weaness$ hypotension)

</li></ul>"/>



sulfonylurea drug glipi6ide &.lucotrol)?" answer="<ul><li> %onitor for signs

of hypoglycemia &diaphoresis$ tachycardia$ fatigue$ e3cessi*e hunger$

tremors)

</li><li>.i*e +G to 9 g carbohydrate for hypoglycemia

</li><li>f the patient is conscious$ gi*e glucose orally in either pill form$

H o6 of fruit @uice$ F saltines$ or + tbsp of honey

</li><li>f the patient is not conscious$ gi*e # glucose or glucagon + mg

either subcutaneously or intramuscularly

</li><li>1hec the patients blood glucose e*ery +G to 9 min

</li><li>1ontinue treatment until the blood glucose has returned to the

e3pected reference range and the patient is no longer symptomatic


</li><li>%onitor caloric intae

</li></ul>"/>



thia6olidinedione drug rosiglita6one &*andia)?" answer="<ul><li> %onitor for

edema$ weight gain$ or indications of heart failure

</li><li>5or hepatoto3icity$ obtain serum alanine aminotransferase &7')

le*els at baseline and e*ery , to F months thereafter

</li><li>top drug therapy for indications of li*er in@ury

</li><li>%onitor serum lipid le*els$ watching for increases in triglycerides

and in both high-density &fa*orable) and low-density &unfa*orable)lipoproteins

</li></ul>"/>



thyroid replacement drug le*othyro3ine &ynthroid)?" answer="<ul><li> %onitor

thyroid function



</li><li>%onitor for indications of hyperthyroidism &an3iety$ tachycardia$

palpitations$ tremors$ altered appetite$ abdominal cramping$ diarrhea$ heat

intolerance$ fe*er$ diaphoresis$ weight loss$ menstrual irregularities)

</li></ul>"/>

</chapter>

<chapter 1hapter2ame="Patient nstructions"><question question="What important instructions should

the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the alpha-

glucosidase inhibitor drug acarbose &Precose)?" answer="<ul><li> 4e aware of

the gastric side effects of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

</li><li>5ollow the diet regimen recommended by the pro*ider

</li><li>Wear a medical alert bracelet

</li><li>Watch for and report symptoms of hypoglycemiaE test blood glucose to

confirmE consume H g of de3trose &.luco'abs)$ retest in +G min and repeat if

still low

</li><li>1arry de3trose tablets at all times

</li><li>8eport dar urine$ abdominal pain$ *omiting$ or fatigue

</li><li>8eport pallor$ fatigue$ or shortness of breath

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What important instructions should

the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the amylin mimetic

drug pramlintide &ymlin)?" answer="<ul><li> Wear a medical alert bracelet

</li><li>Watch for and report symptoms of hypoglycemia$ especially , hr after

dosing 'est blood glucose to confirm$ then consume a snac of +G to 9 g

carbohydrates$ and retest in +G to 9 min$ and repeat if still low

</li><li>1arry a carbohydrate snac at all times

</li><li>7ie down when feeling nauseated

</li><li>5ollow proper in@ection technique

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the antidiuretic

hormone desmopressin &!!#P$ timate$ %inirin)?" answer="<ul><li> A3pect

lifelong therapy

</li><li>8eport pounding headache$ sleepiness$ fluid retention$ weight gain$

and edema

</li><li>7imit fluid intae during therapy

</li><li>8ecord fluid intae and output daily

</li><li>8eport chest pain or pressure</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the antithyroid

drug propylthiouracil &P'() &Propyl-'hyracil)?" answer="<ul><li> 4e aware of

the goal of drug therapy

</li><li>A3pect , to +9 wees of therapy to return to acceptable thyroid

le*els and F to +9 months to stabili6e thyroid hormone production



</li><li>!o not discontinue abruptly

</li><li>Watch for and report an3iety$ drowsiness$ depression$ weight gain$

swelling$ slow heart rate$ appetite loss$ cold intolerance$ dry sin$ or hea*y

menstrual bleeding

</li><li>8eport fe*er or sore throat

</li><li>8eport rash</li><li>8eport @oint or muscle pain$ or headache

</li><li>'ry o*er-the-counter analgesics to relie*e pain

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the antithyroid

drug/radioacti*e iodine drug iodine-+,+ &odotope)?"

answer="<ul><li>(nderstand the goal of drug therapy

</li><li>A3pect some effects in a few days or wees and full effects in 9 to ,

months

</li><li>Watch for and report an3iety$ drowsiness$ depression$ weight gain$

swelling$ slow heart rate$ appetite loss$ cold intolerance$ dry sin$ or hea*y

menstrual bleeding

</li><li>8eport fe*er$ sore throat$ weaness$ or fatigue

</li><li>8eport bloody *omit$ nosebleeds$ or se*ere nausea and *omiting

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the biguanide drug

metformin &.lucophage)?" answer="<ul><li> *oid drining alcohol

</li><li>8eport weaness$ fatigue$ lethargy$ or hyper*entilation f these

symptoms de*elop$ stop taing the drug and see medical care immediately

</li><li>A3pect nausea$ diarrhea$ anore3ia to diminish as drug therapy

continues


</li><li>%aintain adequate carbohydrate and fluid intae

</li><li>8eport weaness$ fatigue$ pallor$ or reddened tongue

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the gliptin drug

sitagliptin &anu*ia)?" answer="<ul><li> 8eport persistent upper respiratory

symptoms or fe*er

</li><li>8eport persistent or unrelie*ed headaches

</li><li>8eport se*ere upper abdominal pain or abdominal pain that radiates tothe bac and is associated with nausea or *omiting

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the glucocorticoid

drug hydrocortisone &0ydrocortone$ olu-1ortef)?" answer="<ul><li> A3pect

lifelong therapy



</li><li>8eport increased stress because higher dosages are essential at such

times &generally three times the usual dose for three days)

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the growth hormone

somatropin &.enotropin$ 2utropin$ 0umatrope$ erostim)?" answer="</li><li>8eport polyphagia$ polydipsia$ and polyuria

</li><li>8eport muscle pain not relie*ed by mild analgesics

</li><li>8eport flan pain$ urinary frequency$ or blood in the urine

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the hyperglycemic

agent glucagon &.luca.en)?" answer="<ul><li> 4e prepared to tae glucagon in

an emergency situation

</li><li>Dbtain a commercial glucagon it and carry it at all times

</li><li>(nderstand that *omiting is common after administration of glucagon

</li><li>nform family members of importance of turning unconscious patient on

side

</li><li>'ae orally when tolerated to pre*ent another episode of

hypoglycemia

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the incretin

mimetic drug e3enatide &4yetta)?" answer="<ul><li> Watch for and report

symptoms of hypoglycemia 'est blood glucose to confirm$ then consume a snac

of +G to 9 g carbohydrates$ and retest in +G to 9 min and repeat treatment

if still low




</li><li>1onsume an adequate number of calories

</li><li>8eport se*ere$ persistent abdominal pain and stop taing e3enatide

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the insulin drugs$

lispro &0umalog)$ regular &0umulin 8)$ 2P0 &0umulin 2)$ insulin glargine

&7antus)?" answer="</li><li>!raw up prescribed amount of insulin using insulin syringe and

administer subcutaneously

</li><li>8otate in@ection sites systematically and space them + inch apart

</li><li>!o not in@ect cold insulin Beep insulin at room temperature




</li><li>Watch for symptoms of hypoglycemia 'est blood glucose to confirm$

then consume a snac of +G to 9 g carbohydrates$ and retest in +G to 9 min

and repeat treatment if still low


</li><li>8eport recurring episodes of hypoglycemia to pro*ider

</li><li>8eport weaness$ nausea$ palpitations$ or paresthesias</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the meglitinide

drug repaglinide &Prandin)?" answer="<ul><li> Wear a medical alert bracelet

</li><li>Watch for and report symptoms of hypoglycemia

</li><li>'est blood glucose to confirm hypoglycemia 1onsume a snac of +G to

9 g carbohydrates 8etest in +G to 9 min and repeat treatment if still low



</li><li>1onsume adequate carbohydrates

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the

mineralocorticoid drug fludrocortisone &5lorinef cetate)?" answer="<ul><li>

A3pect lifelong therapy

</li><li>8eport weight gain or swelling &high sodium le*els)

</li><li>8eport weaness or palpitations &low potassium le*els)

</li><li>0a*e blood pressure checed regularly

</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the sulfonylurea

drug glipi6ide &.lucotrol)?" answer="<ul><li> Wear a medical alert bracelet

</li><li>Watch for and report symptoms of hypoglycemia

</li><li>'est blood glucose to confirm hypoglycemia 1onsume a snac of +G to

9 g carbohydrates 8etest in +G to 9 min and repeat if still low


</li></ul>"/>


the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the

thia6olidinedione drug rosiglita6one &*andia)? " answer="<ul><li> 5ollow

instructions pro*ided in access program

</li><li>8eport swelling$ weight gain$ or shortness of breath immediately</li><li>8eport @aundice$ dar urine$ abdominal pain$ *omiting$ or fatigue

</li><li>A3pect periodic cholesterol testing

</li><li>8eport chest pain or discomfort$ diaphoresis$ or fatigue

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What important instruction should

the health care professional gi*e the patient who is taing the thyroid



replacement drug le*othyro3ine &ynthroid)? " answer="Watch for and report

an3iety$ rapid heart rate$ palpitations$ tremors$ altered appetite$ abdominal

cramping$ diarrhea$ heat intolerance$ fe*er$ sweating$ weight loss$ and

menstrual irregularities"/>

</chapter>

<chapter 1hapter2ame="1ontraindications"><question question="What are some contraindications

that would mae taing the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor drug acarbose &Precose)

risy for the patient?" answer=".astrointestinal disorders &such as

inflammatory bowel disease)$ obstruction$ ulceration"/>

<question question="What are some contraindications

that would mae taing the amylin mimetic drug pramlintide &ymlin) risy for

the patient?" answer="<ul><li> 8enal failure

</li><li>0emodialysis

</li><li>Poor insulin regimen adherence

</li><li>0b+c abo*e KL

</li><li>.astroparesis

</li></ul>"/>


that would mae taing the antidiuretic hormone desmopressin &!!#P$ timate$

%inirin) risy for the patient? " answer="

</li><li>Alectrolyte imbalances &oral form)

</li><li>8enal failure

</li><li>2ephrogenic diabetes insipidus

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What is a contraindication that

would mae taing the antithyroid drug propylthiouracil &P'() &Propyl-

'hyracil) risy for the patient?" answer="<ul><li> Pregnancy &ris category !

- can cause neonatal hypothyroidism and goiter)"/>


that would mae taing the antithyroid drug/radioacti*e iodine drug iodine-+,+

&odotope) risy for the patient?" answer="<ul><li> Pregnancy &ris category

M)

</li><li>7actation

</li></ul>"/>


that would mae taing the biguanide drug metformin &.lucophage) risy for the

patient?" answer="<ul><li> !iabetic etoacidosis</li><li>1ardiopulmonary$ hepatic$ or renal insufficiency

</li><li>lcoholism

</li><li>0eart failure

</li><li>e*ere infection

</li><li>hoc

</li><li>cute myocardial infarction

</li><li>0ypo3emia



</li><li>7actic acidosis

</li></ul>"/>


that would mae taing the gliptin drug sitagliptin &anu*ia) risy for the

patient?" answer="<ul><li> 'ype + diabetes mellitus

</li><li>7actic acidosis"/><question question="What is a contraindication that

would mae taing the glucocorticoid drug hydrocortisone &0ydrocortone$ olu-

1ortef) risy for the patient?" answer="When gi*en in small doses - none"/>


that would mae taing the growth hormone somatropin &.enotropin$ 2utropin$

0umatrope$ erostim) risy for the patient?" answer="<ul><li> e*ere obesity

</li><li>e*ere respiratory impairment

</li><li>1losed epiphyses in a child

</li><li>1ritical illness

</li></ul>"/>


that would mae taing the hyperglycemic agent glucagon &.luca.en) risy for

the patient?" answer="<ul><li> 0ypoglycemia from star*ation &due to the lac

of stored glycogen)

</li><li>Pheochromocytoma

</li></ul>"/>


that would mae taing the incretin mimetic drug e3enatide &4yetta) risy for

the patient?" answer="<ul><li> 8enal failure

</li><li>'ype + diabetes mellitus

</li><li>!iabetic etoacidosis

</li><li>(lcerati*e colitis

</li><li>1rohns disease


</li></ul>"/>


would mae taing the insulin drugs$ 7ispro &0umalog)$ 8egular &0umulin 8)$

2P0 insulin &0umulin 2)$ insulin glargine &7antus) risy for the patient?"

answer="0ypersensiti*ity to insulin"/>


would mae taing the meglitinide drug repaglinide &Prandin) risy for the

patient? " answer="!iabetic etoacidosis"/><question question="What are some contraindications

that would mae taing the mineralocorticoid fludrocortisone &5lorinef

cetate) risy for the patient?" answer="<ul><li> Potassium-depleting

diuretics

</li><li>cute glomerulonephritis

</li><li>0ypercortisolism

</li><li>#iral or bacterial sin diseases uncontrolled by antibiotics



</li></ul>"/>


that would mae taing the sulfonylurea drug glipi6ide &.lucotrol) risy for

the patient?" answer="<ul><li> Pregnancy$ lactation

</li><li>!iabetic etoacidosis

</li></ul>"/><question question="What are some contraindications

that would mae taing the thia6olidinedione drug rosiglita6one &*andia)

risy for the patient?" answer="<ul><li> 1ardio*ascular disease$ including

hypertension

</li><li>e*ere heart failure

</li><li>cti*e hepatic disease

</li></ul>"/>


that would mae taing the thyroid replacement drug le*othyro3ine &ynthroid)

risy for the patient?" answer="<ul><li> 'hyroto3icosis

</li><li>8ecent myocardial infarction

</li></ul>"/>

</chapter>

<chapter 1hapter2ame="Precautions">

<question question="What factors increase the ris of

side and ad*erse effects and thus warrant precautions for a patient who taes

the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose &Precose)?" answer="<ul><li> 0epatic

impairment

</li><li>.astrointestinal distress"/>



the amylin mimetic drug pramlintide &ymlin)?" answer="<ul><li> 'hyroid

disease

</li><li>Dsteoporosis

</li><li>lcoholism"/>



the antidiuretic hormone desmopressin &!!#P$ timate$ %inirin)?"

answer="<ul><li> Dlder adult

</li><li>1ardio*ascular disease

</li><li>0ypertension

</li><li>0istory of hyponatremia</li><li>e*ere heart failure

</li><li>0istory of thromboembolic e*ents

</li></ul>"/>



the antithyroid drug propylthiouracil &P'() &Propyl-'hyracil)?" answer="

</li><li>mmunosuppression



</li><li>4one marrow depression

</li><li>nfection

</li><li>7i*er dysfunction

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What factor increases the ris of

side and ad*erse effects and thus warrant precautions for a patient who taesthe antithyroid drug/radioacti*e iodine drug iodine-+,+ &odotope)?"

answer="1hild prior to puberty"/>



the biguanide drug metformin &.lucophage)" answer="<ul><li> !iarrhea

</li><li>!ehydration

</li><li>nemia

</li><li>Pituitary insufficiency


</li><li>.astrointestinal obstruction

</li><li>0ypothyroidism

</li><li>Polycystic o*ary syndrome

</li><li>Dlder adult"/>



the gliptin drug sitagliptin &anu*ia)?" answer="<ul><li> 0emodialysis

</li><li>%oderate to se*ere renal dysfunction

</li><li>0istory of pancreatitis

</li></ul>"/>



the growth hormone somatropin &.enotropin$ 2utropin$ 0umatrope$ erostim)?"

answer="<ul><li> !iabetes mellitus

</li><li>Prader-Willi syndrome

</li><li>0ypothyroidism

</li><li>1hronic renal failure

</li></ul>"/>



the hyperglycemic agent glucagon &.luca.en)?" answer="<ul><li> 1ardio*ascular

disorders

</li><li>drenal insufficiency</li></ul>"/>



the incretin mimetic drug e3enatide &4yetta)?" answer="<ul><li> 'hyroid

disease

</li><li>8enal dysfunction






the insulin drugs$ 7ispro &0umalog)$ 8egular &0umulin 8)$ 2P0 insulin &0umulin

2)$ insulin glargine &7antus)?" answer="<ul><li> Dlder adult

</li><li>8enal or hepatic dysfunction

</li><li>5e*er</li><li>'hyroid disease

</li></ul>"/>



the meglitinide drug repaglinide &Prandin)?" answer="<ul><li> 8enal or hepatic

dysfunction

</li><li>ystemic infection




the mineralocorticoid drug fludrocortisone &5lorinef cetate)?"

answer="<ul><li> 0eart failure

</li><li>ystemic fungal infection

</li><li>'hromboembolic disorders

</li><li>!iabetes mellitus

</li><li>0ypertension

</li><li>8enal dysfunction

</li></ul>"/>



the sulfonylurea drug glipi6ide &.lucotrol)?" answer="<ul><li> 'hyroid disease

</li><li>8enal or hepatic dysfunction

</li><li>drenal or pituitary insufficiency

</li></ul>"/>



the thia6olidinedione drug rosiglita6one &*andia)?" answer="<ul><li> %ild

heart failure$ ris for heart failure

</li><li>0epatic impairment

</li></ul>"/>

<question question="What factors increase the ris ofside and ad*erse effects and thus warrant precautions for a patient who taes

the thyroid replacement drug le*othyro3ine &ynthroid)?" answer="<ul><li>

1ardio*ascular disorders &hypertension$ angina pectoris$ ischemic heart

disease)

</li><li>8enal impairment

</li><li>!iabetes mellitus

</li><li>Dlder adult



</li></ul>"/>

</chapter>

<chapter 1hapter2ame="5ood N !rug nteractions">

<question question="What drugs or food ha*e the

potential to interact with the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose

&Precose)?" answer="<ul><li> nsulin and sulfonylureas increase the ris ofhypoglycemia

</li><li>%etformin &.lucophage) worsens gastrointestinal effects

</li><li>Astrogens$ thia6ides$ corticosteroids$ phenothia6ines$ isonia6id

&20)$ and phenytoin &!ilantin) counteract hypoglycemic effects

</li><li>'he herbal ginseng increases hypoglycemic effects

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the amylin mimetic$ pramlintide &ymlin)?"

answer="<ul><li> nsulin increases the ris for hypoglycemia

</li><li>bsorption of oral drugs slows$ so patients should tae them + hr

before or 9 hr after pramlintide

</li><li>!rugs that slow gastric emptying$ such as opioids$ and drugs that

delay food absorption$ such as acarbose &Precose) and miglitol &.lyset)$

further slow gastric emptying

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the antidiuretic hormone desmopressin &!!#P$

timate$ %inirin)?" answer="<ul><li> 1arbama6epine &'egretol) and

chlorpropamide &!iabinese) increase antidiuretic action

</li><li>Dther *asopressors and lithium &Asalith) decrease antidiuretic

action

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the antithyroid drug propylthiouracil &P'()

&Propyl-'hyracil)?" answer="<ul><li> Affects of anticoagulants increase

</li><li>5ood alters absorption rates

</li><li>Potassium iodide &B)$ sodium iodide &odopen)$ and amiodarone

&1ordarone) counteract therapeutic effects

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the antithyroid drug/radioacti*e iodine drug

iodine-+,+ &odotope)?" answer="Dther antithyroid drugs reduce uptae"/><question question="What drugs or food ha*e the

potential to interact with the biguanide drug metformin &.lucophage)"

answer="<ul><li> lcohol and cimetidine &'agamet) increase the ris of lactic

acidosis

</li><li>ny contrast medium containing iodine increases the ris of acute

renal failure$ thus worsening lactic acidosis

</li><li>0erbals ginseng and garlic increase hypoglycemic effects



</li><li>1aptopril &1apoten)$ nifedipine &Procardia)$ furosemide &7asi3)$

morphine$ ranitidine &Oantac)$ antifungals$ and many other drugs increase

hypoglycemic effects

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the gliptin drug sitagliptin &anu*ia)?"answer="itagliptin may increase digo3in le*els"/>


potential to interact with the growth hormone somatropin &.enotropin$

2utropin$ 0umatrope$ erostim)?" answer="<ul><li> .lucocorticoids and

adrenocorticotropic hormone counteract growth-stimulating effects

</li><li>'hyroid hormones$ estrogens$ and androgens promote epiphyseal

closure

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the hyperglycemic agent glucagon &.luca.en)?"

answer="Affects of oral anticoagulants increase"/>


potential to interact with the incretin mimetic drug e3enatide &4yetta)?"

answer="<ul><li> ulfonylureas increase the ris for hypoglycemia

</li><li>bsorption of oral drugs slows$ especially oral contracepti*es and

antibiotics$ so patients should tae them + hr before taing e3enatide

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the insulin drugs$ 7ispro &0umalog)$ 8egular

&0umulin 8)$ 2P0 insulin &0umulin 2)$ insulin glargine &7antus)?"

answer="<ul><li> ulfonylureas$ meglitinides$ beta blocers$ salicylates$ and

alcohol increase hypoglycemic effects

</li><li>'hia6ide and loop diuretics$ sympathomimetics$ thyroid hormones$ and

glucocorticoids increase blood glucose le*els$ thus counteracting hypoglycemic

effects

</li><li>4eta blocers mas manifestations of hypoglycemia &tachycardia$

tremors)

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the meglitinide drug repaglinide &Prandin)?"

answer="<ul><li> .emfibro6il &7opid)$ erythromycin &A-%ycin)$ and etocona6ole

&2i6oral) increase hypoglycemic effects</li><li>.rapefruit @uice &more than + 7/day) and herbals ginseng and garlic

increase hypoglycemic effects

</li><li>4arbiturates$ carbama6epine &'egretol)$ rifampin &8ifadin)$ and

others counteract hypoglycemic effects

</li></ul>"/>




potential to interact with the mineralocorticoid drug fludrocortisone

&5lorinef cetate)?" answer="<ul><li> 8ifampin &8ifadin) decreases le*els

</li><li>ntidiabetes effects of insulin and sulfonylureas decrease

</li><li>Potassium-depleting diuretics$ such as furosemide &7asi3)$ increase

the ris of hypoalemia</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the sulfonylurea drug glipi6ide &.lucotrol)?"

answer="<ul><li> lcohol poses a ris for a disulfiram &ntabuse)-lie

reaction &nausea$ palpitations$ flushing) and increases hypoglycemic effects

</li><li>ulfonamide antibiotics$ 2!s$ oral anticoagulants$ salicylates$

monoamine o3idase inhibitors$ and cimetidine &'agamet) increase hypoglycemic

effects

</li><li>'hia6ides counteract hypoglycemic effects

</li><li>4eta blocers mas manifestations of hypoglycemia

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the thia6olidinedione drug rosiglita6one

&*andia)?" answer="<ul><li> nsulin increases the ris of heart failure and

edema

</li><li>.emfibro6il &7opid) and etocona6ole &2i6oral) increase hypoglycemic

effects

</li><li>.reen tea and herbals ginseng and garlic increase hypoglycemic

effects

</li></ul>"/>


potential to interact with the thyroid replacement drug le*othyro3ine

&ynthroid)?" answer="<ul><li> 1holestyramine &uestran)$ antacids$ iron and

calcium supplements$ and sucralfate &1arafate) reduce absorption$ so patients

should not tae le*othyro3ine within H hr of these drugs

</li><li>5ood reduces absorption

</li><li>%any antisei6ure and antidepressant drugs$ including carbama6epine

&'egretol)$ phenytoin &!ilantin)$ phenobarbital$ and sertraline &Ooloft)$

decrease le*els

</li><li>nticoagulant effects of warfarin &1oumadin) increase

</li><li>1ardiac response to catecholamines &such as epinephrine) increases

</li></ul>"/></chapter>

</course>

</courses>

Endocrine System Drugs ATI

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Transcript of Endocrine System Drugs ATI