Endocrine System
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Transcript of Endocrine System
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Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
Chapter 11Chapter 11
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Combining Forms for the Combining Forms for the Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
aden/o adenoma
adren/oadrenotrophicadrenal/oadrenalopathy
andr/o androgenous
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Combining Forms for the Combining Forms for the Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
crin/o endocrine
dips/o polydipsia
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Combining Forms for the Combining Forms for the Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
gluc/o glucogenicglucos/o glucoseglyc/o hyperglycemiaglycos/o glycosuria
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Combining Forms for the Combining Forms for the Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
hormon/o hormonal
ket/o ketogenicketon/o ketonuria
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Combining Forms for the Combining Forms for the Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
pancreat/opancreatitis
thym/o thymoma
thyr/o thyrotoxic
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Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
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Functions of the Endocrine Functions of the Endocrine GlandsGlands
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Functions of the Endocrine Functions of the Endocrine GlandsGlands(continued)(continued)
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Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine System Overview
Network of ductless glands and other structures
Glands secrete hormones which affect function of targeted organs
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Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine System Overview
adrenal glands located next to each kidney adrenal cortex (outer part of the gland)
secretes steroid hormones which regulate carbohydrate metabolism and salt and water balance
adrenal medulla (inner portion of the gland)
secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine (fight or flight
(responses)
(continued)(continued)
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Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine System Overview
steroid hormones regulate carbohydrate metabolism and salt and water balance
(continued)(continued)
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Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine System Overview
ovaries located one on each side of the uterus secretes
estrogen — Responsible for development of female secondary sex characteristics and regulation of reproduction
Progesterone--hormone of pregnancy
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Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine System Overview
pancreas (islets of Langerhans) located behind the stomach functions to secrete insulin (in presence of bl. glucose) and glucagon (in the absence of bl. glucose)
parathyroid glands located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland in the neck
functions to secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) Responsible for maintaining Calcium and phosphorus
levels in the blood.
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Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine System Overview
pineal gland Located in the center of the brain Secretes melatonin (sleep/wake cycles) and serotonin
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Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine System Overview
pituitary gland Anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)
Located at the base of the brain Secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormone, growth hormone and prolactin
posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) Releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
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Hyperthyroidism and Hyperthyroidism and HypothyroidismHypothyroidism
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Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine System Overview
testes located one on each side within the scrotum in the male
functions to secrete testosterone
thymus gland located in the mediastinal cavity anterior to and above the heart
functions to secrete thymosin
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Endocrine System OverviewEndocrine System Overview
thyroid gland located in the front of the neck secretes triiodothyronine, thyroxine and calcitonin