Regulation The Endocrine System Regulation: The Endocrine System.
Endocrine system
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Transcript of Endocrine system
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
BY
DINA ABDEL-AZIM GHAZY GHORABA
LECTURER OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
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Body GlandsEndocrine Glands Exocrine Glands
Produce and secrete their hormones directly into the bloodstream
Send their chemical substances into ducts and out of the body
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Endocrine Glands
Hormone
BloodstreamTarget Organ Or Tissue
Binds to Its Receptor
Produce Their Effect
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1-Thyroid gland 2-Parathyroid glands (four glands) 3- Adrenal glands (one pair) 4- Pancreas(islets of Langerhans) 5- Pituitary gland 6- Ovaries in female (one pair) 7- Testes in male (one pair) 8- Pineal gland9- Thymus gland(Thymosin)
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Howstuffworks Endocrine System.url
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[1] Thyroid Gland
1-Thyroid Gland 2- Trachea3- Thyroid Cartilage4- Isthmus
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Function:
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[2] Parathyroid Gland Epiglottis
Pharynx
Thyroid Gland
Parathyroid Glands
Esophagus Trachia
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Function:
Parathyroid Hormone PTH
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[2] Adrenal Glands Adrenal Cortex Adrenal Medulla
Kidney
Ureter
Blood Vessels
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Function:Adrenal Cortex
Corticosteroids
Glucocorticoid Mineralcorticoid Sex Corticoid
Increase Salt
(Na+)reabsorption
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Function:Adrenal Medulla
Catecholamines
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[3] Pancreas
Liver
Tail of the
pancreas
Duodenum Stomach head of pancreasThe pancreas Islets of
langerhans DuctExocrine gland cell
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Function: Pancreas (islet cells)
Lowers blood sugar Raises blood Sugar
(Glucose to glycogen) (Glycogen to Glucose)
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1- Anterior lobe cerebrum
(adenohypophysis)
2-Posterior lobe(Neurohypophysis)
3-Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
[4] Pituitary Gland
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HYPOTHALAMUS HYPOTHALAMUS
secretes releasing and inhibiting factors secretes hormones directly to
Via blood
To
anterior pituitary(adenohypophysis) posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)
Secretes hormones Stores and releases hormones
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Function:Anterior pituitary
Increases water
Stimulates Labor reabsorption
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Function:Anterior pituitary
(7 HORMONES)
Adrenocorticotropin Gonadotropin Gonadotropin
Adrenocorlicotropic Follicle-stimulating
hormone (ACTH) hormone (FSH)
(MSH)
Stimulate Ovaries
And testes
PromotesOvulation Stimulate
Testes
Luteinizinghormone
(LH)
Melanocyte Stimulating hormone
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Function:Anterior pituitary
(7 HORMONES)
Stomatotropin ThyrotrpinGrowth hormone Thyroid Stimulating
(GH) hormone (TSH))
Stimulates Thyroid Gland
StimulatesMilk
Production
StimulatesGrowth
Prolactin(PRL)
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Ovaries
[5] Ovaries
Maintains Pregnancy
Female Sexual
Characteristic
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Testes
[5]Testes
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Abnormal ConditionsEnlargement =Goiter
1. Endemic in certain regions due to deficiency of iodine in the diet
Treatment :to increase the supply of iodine in the diet.
2. Hyperplasia: Treatment : thyroid hormone
to suppress the normal thyroid functioning
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Hypersecretion=Hyperthyroidism
=Graves diseaseWith Exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeballs) occurs as a result of the swelling of tissue behind the
eyeball.
Treatment• Thyroidectomy, • Antithyroid drugs• Administration of radioactive iodine
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Hyposecretion=Hypothyroidism
= Graves disease1. Myxedema
adulthood result in
blood lipid(Atherosclerosis)Edema because of the
collection of mucus-like (myx/o means, mucus) material under the skin
Treatment by
thyroid hormone
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3. Cretinism: In Childhood leads to a lack of normal physical and mental growth
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Neoplasm = Thyroid Carcinoma
• Some tumors are very slow growing, and others may metastasize widely. Adenomas (benign growths) can be distinguished from carcinomas (malignant growths) by radioactive iodine tracer scans.