Ending an Era

Adams and Jackson

Shattered Era of Good Feelings

Voting Requirements in the Early 19c

Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860

Why Increased Democratization?

• White male suffrage increased

• Party nominating committees.

• Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors.

• Spoils system.

• Rise of Third Parties.

• Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.)

• Two-party system returned in the 1832 election:

•Dem-Reps Natl. Reps.(1828) Whigs (1832) Republicans (1854)

•Democrats (1828)

Voter Turnout

Election of 1824 = The Corrupt Bargain• 4 Candidates Running– John Quincy Adams (son of John Adams 3rd

President)– Henry Clay (American System)– William Crawford (ever heard of him???)– Andrew Jackson (early advantage and won

popular vote but not electoral college vote)

12th Amendment

• If no candidate gets the electoral college vote, then the House of Representatives decides who the next president will be

• Why is Henry Clay so important?– Presides over committee that got to pick the

presidential winner– Clay didn’t like Jackson so he persuaded the

committee to vote for Adams

Corrupt Bargain

• Adams won the 1824 election • Clay became secretary of state

• Was this fair??????– Jackson called this a corrupt bargain

John Quincy Adams as President

• Not popular• Didn’t like the spoils system• Proposed giving the federal gov’t more control– Highways– Canals– Arts and sciences promotion– Found a national university– Tariffs

• Cherokees – wanted to be fair• Do you think this would continue sectionalism?• Who would be opposed and why?

The “Common Man’s”Presidential Candidate

Jacksonians

• Weren’t giving up!!!!• Believed they had been cheated out of the White

House in the election of 1824• “Old Hickory”– Attempted to portray Jackson as a common man;

farmer; no college– He actually lived in a mansion; was a wealthy planter;

owned slaves• Universal White Man Suffrage– Who couldn’t vote?

Jackson as President

• Jackson won the election of 1828

• Spoils System• Tariff of

Abominations

Tariff of Abominations

• Rates were extremely high!!!!• Who wouldn’t like this?• What do they do about it?

South Carolina Exposition

• John C. Calhoun – writer• Wanted South Carolina to say

that the tariff was null and void in SC because it was unconstitutional

• What does this remind you of?

South Carolina Nullification Crisis

• South Carolina Special Convention of 1832– 2/3 majority declared the tariff null and void

• Jackson’s reaction– Have nullifiers hanged – Union power– Send in troops to enforce the law– Why is this so hard to believe from Jackson?

• Clay the Compromiser

Clay the Compromiser

• Compromise Tariff of 1833– Reduce the tariff by about 10% over 8 years back

to the “mildly protective” tariff of 1816• Force Bill – “Bloody Bill” president could use

army and navy to collect tariffs if necessary• Clay came out looking like a HERO

Compromise of 1833/Missouri Compromise

• How are they similar?