The chamoisThe chamois(Rupicapra rupicapra)(Rupicapra rupicapra)

• The chamois is a goat-like animal The chamois is a goat-like animal native to the Carpathian native to the Carpathian Mountains of Romania. Chamois Mountains of Romania. Chamois are strictly protected animals are strictly protected animals under the European Habitats under the European Habitats Directive.Directive.

• Chamois live at moderately high Chamois live at moderately high altitudes and are adapted to altitudes and are adapted to living in steep, rugged, rocky living in steep, rugged, rocky terrain. A fully grown chamois terrain. A fully grown chamois reaches a height of about 75 cm reaches a height of about 75 cm and weighs about 50 kg. Males and weighs about 50 kg. Males and females have short horns and females have short horns which are slightly curled in the which are slightly curled in the posterior direction. The chamois posterior direction. The chamois is chestnut brown to black in is chestnut brown to black in winter and pale brown in summer.winter and pale brown in summer.

• Chamois can reach an age of up to Chamois can reach an age of up to 20 years. 20 years.

Carpathian brown bearUrsus arctos

It is a big animal, that generally weight between 300 and 600 kilograms

Brown bears have thick fur, much appreciated, with two rows of hairs, ear and fluff. Although base color is brown, it has got large colour variations from red to almost black bears. Some specimens have white spots on the neck, sometimes forming a real collar, similar to the collared bear the Himalayas.

Dentition is typical of omnivorous, with strong canines and molars rounded.

In Romania fallow deer In Romania fallow deer is trying is trying to re-adapt to to re-adapt to complex natural complex natural ecosystem, gaining ecosystem, gaining the the strength needed for strength needed for survival. The most survival. The most important important number of number of fallow deerfallow deer is recorded is recorded in the west and southin the west and south..

Fallow deerFallow deer (Dama dama)(Dama dama)

its wits weight varies eight varies depending depending on age, area on age, area and quality of foodand quality of food

hhair coloair colouur is light r is light brown with yellowish brown with yellowish white spots arranged in white spots arranged in longitudinal longitudinal rowsrows abdomen areaabdomen area..

its foodits food consist of consist of herbaceous plants and herbaceous plants and leaves of trees, including leaves of trees, including growinggrowing stems, stems, clover clover, , acorns, In general, the acorns, In general, the food is less pretentious.food is less pretentious.Salt it is absolutely Salt it is absolutely necessary.necessary.

Bison is the heaviest land animal Bison is the heaviest land animal in in Europe. A typical individual has a Europe. A typical individual has a length of 2.9 to 3 meters and a height of length of 2.9 to 3 meters and a height of 1.9 meters, weighing from 300 to 920 kg.1.9 meters, weighing from 300 to 920 kg.

BisonsBisons live in forests, with very few live in forests, with very few natural enemiesnatural enemies

Bison is a herbivore.Bison is a herbivore.

BisonsBisons liv livee 28 years in 28 years in captivity, but in the wild captivity, but in the wild live less.live less.

BisonsBisons (Bison bonasus bonasus) (Bison bonasus bonasus)

LynxLynx is is currently the largest currently the largest cat in the wild fauna of cat in the wild fauna of Romania. Romania. Also called Also called Carpathians panther, lynx is Carpathians panther, lynx is spread naturally from alpine spread naturally from alpine to the Danube Deltato the Danube Delta..

Lynx Lynx is a powerful and is a powerful and strong animal, strong animal, with with aan n amazing amazing agility and agility and quickness.quickness.

The The furfur is typical of big cats, is typical of big cats, consisting of consisting of yellowish-redyellowish-red hairhair on the sides and back on the sides and back with black spots and with black spots and yellowish white on the ventral yellowish white on the ventral side.side.

Reported maximum weights are Reported maximum weights are different, ranging between 50 and 58 kg. different, ranging between 50 and 58 kg. It cIt can live 25 years.an live 25 years.

It is a cIt is a carnivore animalarnivore animal, a , a blood blood loverlover, , consuming consuming organsorgans with significant with significant blood meal (heart, liver, blood meal (heart, liver, lungs). Extremely agile, goes lungs). Extremely agile, goes unheard, is extremely unheard, is extremely difficult to seedifficult to see.. It hIt huntuntss mainly at dusk, being mainly at dusk, being advantaged advantaged by the fur asby the fur as an an excellent camouflage, as excellent camouflage, as well as its special senses.well as its special senses.

Lynx (Lynx lynx)

Red aigretteRed aigrette-Ardea -Ardea purpureapurpurea

It is a summer guest in Romania, and is

endangered on a global scale. Can be found in

swampy areas and marshes of the Danube

Delta. In fall it migrates in Asia or Africa.

It has reddish brown color, a very long thin neck. Neck is slightly rounded curve

shaped S.

As size, it is less than the stork.

It feeds with fish and amphibians.

Little egret-Egretta garzetta

It is a species that is increasing because it isn’t hunted

anymore by humans for its ornamental feathers

It is rare bird, living especially in the Danube Delta in mixed colonies, especially in dwarf willows. With the arrival of autumn,

it migrates to the Mediterranean.

The color of the feathers is pure white and on the head has beautiful ornamental feathers, as well as on

its back, more popular in the past as fashion jewelry.

In the months of April-May, the female lays 3 to 5 greenish-blue eggs

that are boiled together with the partner. Chicks leave the nest before

they can fly having a great skill in climbing through the branches.

Hoopoe-Upupa epops It is a migratory bird, found in all It is a migratory bird, found in all

the plains.the plains.

It is easily recognized by the It is easily recognized by the orange crest on the head, orange crest on the head,

tighten or loosen it. It has a tighten or loosen it. It has a long beak and slightly curved long beak and slightly curved

down. Hoopoe produces a down. Hoopoe produces a sound unmistakable,sound unmistakable,

Pu-pu-pu''.Pu-pu-pu''.

It makes its nest in hollows of It makes its nest in hollows of trees, using fecal lining, trees, using fecal lining, which serve as defense which serve as defense

against predatorsagainst predators

Red shelduck-Tadorna Red shelduck-Tadorna ferrugineaferruginea

It makes the nest in the eastern part of Dobrogea, in holes, where the female lays 8-10 eggs, light cream in late May and it hatches about 28 days. Both sexes were representatives of scarlet plumage, the male is more colorful and with a bright

white ring of feathers around the neck. In fall migrates north-west Africa and the Nile

Delta. Due to its deepening scarcity, it is placed under the protection of law to be

protected from extinction.

Dropia-Otis tardaIt is a bird that lives in south-eastern

Europe and temperate areas of Asia. In Romania some years ago was found in Bărăgan and in natural reservation of

Beba Veche, Timis county, but is endangered.

Red duck-Aythya nyroca

It is the most common duck species in the country, and especially in the

Danube Delta, met in all pools surrounded by vegetation. It makes 8-

10 pink eggs in May-June, female hatches for 24-26 days. The male is

reddish brown with white iris, and the female brown. In winter can be found in North Africa, Nile Valley, northern Arabia and India. Some of them can

be seen in unfrozen waters from Romania..

Sângele voinicului (Nigritella rubra)

Blood pea is a plant from Orchidaceae family. It has the right strain, 8-14 cm high. Leaves are numerous and narrow, elongated, pointing to the sky. The flowers are small and numerous. The flowers are dark red-purple, fragrant vanilla. The root is composed of tubers. It flowers in June and August.In Romania is very rare in the Carpathian mountains in the north-east and south.

Brândușa galbenă (Crocus moesicus)

Yellow crocus is a herbaceous plant, 10-13 cm high, with long and delicate stem, having around her a circle of leaves thin and long. It has yellow pear-shaped flower. The fruit is a capsule that matures long next spring, brown, which opens by three valves and containing numerous seeds.

Garofița Pietrei Craiului (Dianthus callizonus)

Papucul doamnei (Cypripeidum calceolus)

Garofita Pietrei Craiului produced by its rarity surprise among scientists, the plant is not found in any of the neighboring mountain massifs and does not resemble any of dianthus in Europe.The stem is short, 5-10 cm high, bearing a single flower on top corolla about 3 cm in diameter, composed of five wide petals.

Lady slipper (Cypripedium calceolus) is a species of orchid genus Cypripedium. This species is very rare and is found in the flora of Romania.

Edelweiss (Leontopodium alpinum Cass.)

It grows in meadows on limestone mountains, sunny slopes or cliffs. In Romania it grows in the Carpathians and was declared a natural monument in 1933 and protected.In Romania the plant reaches only up to a height of 20 cm.Inflorescence is clothed with hairy leaves, some bigger, some smaller and which take the form of stars.

Motley tulip (Fritillaria meleagris)

What distinguishes it from other tulips is its purple color with white spots, but also how it spreads, because it grows spontaneously in moist places near the forest. It is picked abusive for its beauty in some areas of the country so it became extinct.

Romanian peony is a peony species present in lowland forests or their edge in Dobrogea, Wallachia and southern Moldavia. Red flower petals are less than garden peony. It is a plant protected by law, must not be destroyed or collected. It is found in national parks forest Comana in sunny places.

Romanian peony (Paeonia peregrina Mill. Var. Roman)

It is also known as thermal water lily or lotus flower. This species lives in stream waters, near Bath "May 1“ Oradea. Stream water feature is a high temperature (hot springs). The species was discovered in 1789 by botanist P. Kitaibel. Because of its uniqueness (Felix is the only area where this species is found), Nymphaea lotus var. thermalis has been declared since 1931, a natural monument.

Lotus/Water lily (Nymphaea lotus var. thermalis)

The authorsThe authors

Pupils:Pupils:

Militar Mihai (chapter Militar Mihai (chapter ”Animals”)”Animals”)Iacob Mădălina (chapter ”Birds”)Iacob Mădălina (chapter ”Birds”)

Presecan Alexandra (chapter ”Plants”)Presecan Alexandra (chapter ”Plants”)Căbău Cosmin- designCăbău Cosmin- designNegru Roxana-designNegru Roxana-design

Coordinating teachers:Coordinating teachers:

Ladariu DianaLadariu DianaPascalau MariaPascalau Maria

Sources:Sources:wikipediawikipedia

conf. univ. dr. Carmen Gache (”Al. I. Cuza” University Iasi)-picturesconf. univ. dr. Carmen Gache (”Al. I. Cuza” University Iasi)-picturesAtlas zoologic, Atlas botanic Atlas zoologic, Atlas botanic

This project has been funded with support from the European Commission.This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.