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Cover_0614.indd 1Cover_0614.indd 1 26/5/2014 12:34:26 PM26/5/2014 12:34:26 PM

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EDITOR’S SAY

2 JUNE 2014

Stay Ahead of the Game

E&C is published half yearly by EuPlus Pte Ltd44 Kallang Place#05-05 Four Star BuildingSingapore 339172Tel : +65 6295 1660Fax : +65 6295 6160Email : [email protected]

www.euplus.com.sg

PUBLISHEREren Zheng [email protected]

EDITORCarol Kraal [email protected]

WRITERSCarissa ChengCeleste Cheng

DESIGNERSJ. Song

ADVERTISING & MARKETING [email protected]

Send all letters to the editorial department at [email protected]

All enquiries can be sent [email protected]

All rights reserved. Opinions and advertisements produced in the publication are solely those of the contributors and advertisers. EuPlus Pte Ltd is not liable for any mistake, error, omission and misprint.

The rapid pace at which technology and research advances in the world of Energy and Communications Technology means staying one step ahead of the game is a challenge. One has

to constantly be reading white papers, and the news, and attending exhibitions and conferences all over the world.

The most important way of staying ahead and keeping abreast is via human contact. Networking, socialising, having drinks with and playing golf with potential partners, clients and R&D people are all part of a very important aspect of the job. More secrets and information are revealed over a glass of wine or whiskey than at any boardroom and lab.

Expand the pool of people and contacts you have. Never hold grudges as people you dislike may be important to you one day as the world gets smaller and smaller because of internet and globalisation.

Staying ahead of the game is about playing things smart and being professional. And of course – having fun.

Editor's Say_0614.indd 2Editor's Say_0614.indd 2 23/5/2014 7:04:59 PM23/5/2014 7:04:59 PM

BSE Electrical Supplies Pte LtdBlk 5, #01-27, Pioneer Road North, Singapore 628458Tel: (65) 6316 3533 Fax: (65) 6265 5714 • Email: [email protected] • Website: www.bseelectrical.com.sg

CablePVC/Screened, Fire Resistant, Neoprene,Instrument, Data & Coaxial Cable.

AccessoriesBals: Industrial Plug & SocketsHager / MG: Low SwitchgearMK: Switches & TrunkingTelemencanique: Contactors • PushbuttonOthers: Explosion Proof Lighting • Fixtures • etc.

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BokSeng-Ad_0610.p65 04/06/2010, 11:531

4 JUNE 2014

COMMUNICATIONS 6 F5 Networks Champions

8 The Frost IQ for Asia Pacific Web Application Firewall Vendors 2013

10 F5 Networks, Imperva, Penta Security Systems and Barracuda Networks emerge as champions in the APAC Web Application Firewall Vendors Frost IQ matrix

12 Further Growth of Big Data, Wearable Devices and B2B Online Retailing Lead the Pack of Global Trends that Will Shape 2014

14 Adoption of Managed Security Services Rises in APAC to Counter Growing Cyber Attacks

16 Integrated Solutions Providers Gain Competitive Edge in the Global LED Lighting Markets, Finds Frost & Sullivan

ENERGY20 World Energy Use to Rise by 56 Percent

22 Pioneer of EC technology

24 Iran’s oil exports not expected to increase signifi cantly despite recent negotiations

26 The International Energy Outlook 2013

28 World energy markets by fuel type

28 Environment-friendly AC Drives by Fuji Electric

CONTENTS

Contents_0614.indd 4Contents_0614.indd 4 26/5/2014 1:29:31 PM26/5/2014 1:29:31 PM

ebm-papst SEA Pte. Ltd.23 Ubi Road 4#06-00 Olympia Industrial BuildingSingapore 408620Tel: (65) 6551 3789Fax: (65) 6842 8439Email: [email protected]: www.ebmpapst.com

ebm-papst Malaysia Representative OfficeUnit 12-2, Jalan U SJ Sentral 3, Persiaran Subang,47600 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.Tel: 603-8024-1680 / 1681Fax: 603-8024-8718Email: [email protected]

ebm-papst Malaysia (Penang Office)Block 1, 3rd Floor-Unit 18,Medan Kampung Relau 1, Jalan Tun Dr.Awang,11900 Bayan LepasTel: 604-638-1818 / 604-638-1819Fax: 604-638-1817Email: [email protected]

ebm-papst IndonesiaGerman Centre Building, 4th Floor Suite 4470Jl. Kapt. Subijanto - BSDTangerang 15321 IndonesiaTel: +6221 537 6250 / 6251 / 6252Fax: +6221 538 8305Email: [email protected]

ebm-papst Thailand99/349 Chaeng Wattana Road Laksi.BKK 10210 ThailandTel: 662-576 1524 / 576 1525 / 576 1543Fax: 662-576 1542Email: [email protected]

ebm-papst VietnamRepresentative OfficeRoom #102, 25 Nguyen Van Thu Street, District 1,HoChiMinh City, VietnamTel: +84 8 39104099 / 39103969Fax: +84 8 39103970Mobile: +84 913 805014Email: [email protected]

The ebmpapst Group is the world's largest manufacturer of external rotor motors which provide compact, high performance and low noisefans & motors.

ebmpapst are represented by ebm-papst SEA Pte Ltd with offices in Singapore, Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Thailand and Vietnam.ebmpapst maintains a warehouse in Singapore, allowing its customers to enjoy flexible, reliable and short delivery time.

ebmpapst range of products include various axial, centrifugal backward curve, forward curve blower, compact fans, mixed flow fans, crossflowfans and of course our new technology of EC fan.

ebmpapst fans can be found in cleanroom, telecommunications, household appliances, engineering equipments, computers,air-conditioning, heating and refrigeration and etc.

Brand Name(s): ebmpapst

Visit www.ebmpapst.com for more information

[email protected] 22/12/2010, 15:331

COMMUNICATIONS

6 JUNE 2014

Nascent WAF market remains fragmented yet demonstrates strong growth potential with market revenue expected to reach US$750.5 million by

2019 ~

The necessity of relying on web applications to drive business processes has given rise to the popularity of Web Application Firewall (WAF) solutions for many organisations in the Asia Pacifi c region.

Employing web applications allows companies to run their businesses more effectively in several ways, such as enhancing the user experience or reducing overhead costs. This has, in turn, led to an increased possibility of security breaches in the corporate network, especially with cyber attacks becoming more prevalent. A rising number of these sophisticated attacks are also happening at the application level.

As such, enterprises are beginning to acknowledge the limitations of their traditional network fi rewalls and recognise that these sophisticated threats can only be rectifi ed through the utilisation of a WAF solution.

The shift towards securing web applications is also due to stringent regulatory requirements for client data protection and privacy laws in light of essential services such as Internet banking and e-commerce transactions.

Frost & Sullivan has evaluated the top ten web application fi rewall vendors in the Asia Pacifi c region and assessed them using the Frost Industry Quotient (Frost IQ) matrix. The Frost IQ matrix comprises of four quadrants: ‘champions’, ‘challengers’, ‘defenders’ and ‘explorers’.

The Frost Industry Quotient - Frost IQ, is a proprietary Frost & Sullivan vendor assessment tool that accurately operationalises and captures the merits and challenges faced by technology vendors in their respective segments and geographies. The tool aims to provide key decision makers with a localised yet objective perspective of the industry in a highly heterogeneous business environment.

About Frost & Sullivan

Frost & Sullivan, the Growth Partnership Company, works in collaboration with clients to leverage visionary innovation that addresses the global challenges and related growth opportunities that will make or break today’s market participants. For more than 50 years, we have been developing growth strategies for the global 1000, emerging businesses, the public sector and the investment community. Is your organization prepared for the next profound wave of industry convergence, disruptive technologies, increasing competitive intensity, Mega Trends, breakthrough best practices, changing customer dynamics and emerging economies.

F5 Networks ChampionsF5 Networks, Imperva, Penta Security Systems and Barracuda Networks emerge as champions in the APAC Web Application Firewall Vendors Frost IQ matrix, says Frost & Sullivan

comm F5 champions.indd 6comm F5 champions.indd 6 23/5/2014 7:06:29 PM23/5/2014 7:06:29 PM

Fuji-1212_ad_1.indd 1Fuji-1212_ad_1.indd 1 18/12/2012 3:43:17 PM18/12/2012 3:43:17 PM

COMMUNICATIONS

8 JUNE 2014

CCCCOCOOCOCOCCOCOCOCOCOCCOCOMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM UUUUUUNUUNUNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNUNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNIIIIIIIIICCCCCCCCCCIIIIICCCCCCIIICICCICCCCICIIIICCCICIICICIIICCCIICIICCCCCCCIICCIIICCICIICCCCATATTATA IIOIONSSSSNN

WAFs can be largely divided into three forms; standalone WAF appliances, integrated WAF on an Application Delivery Controller (ADC) or

software WAF solutions. At present, standalone appliances remain the preferred form factor in the Asia Pacifi c region, accounting for 77.7 per cent of the market. However, this may change in the future.

Edison Yu, Associate Director, ICT Practice, Frost & Sullivan Asia Pacifi c says, “Standalone versions are generally perceived as a better option for protecting mission-critical web applications but the cost-effective integrated WAF solutions have been gaining popularity. This is especially so for businesses such as service providers and Small and Medium Businesses (SMBs) who appreciate the lower costs and ease of use generated (by integrated WAFs).”

In 2012, the web application fi rewall market in the Asia Pacifi c region was largely dominated by four main players in terms of their market share performance; F5 Networks, Imperva, Penta Security Systems and Barracuda Networks. These vendors have not only built up a strong market presence in their respective regions but differentiated themselves through their WAF offerings, such as offering standalone and integrated WAF solutions.

From a future growth perspective, the Frost IQ also recognises the efforts of NSFOCUS, Citrix Systems and Venustech to compete in the Asia Pacifi c WAF market, be it in product development or market expansion.

Although their presence has been largely limited to local markets, smaller vendors such as Piolink, MonitorApp and Trinity Soft have been progressively increasing their business with hopes of regional expansion.

With more enterprises looking to migrate their key business functions over to the web and utilise web applications to drive business processes, the need for WAF will only become more evident in future.

“As cyber attacks and threats become more sophisticated, enterprises will require the security intelligence and application fl uency offered by WAF technology to protect their business-critical web installations from increasingly prevalent application layer attacks,” states Yu.

However, the relatively nascent state of the WAF market in the Asia Pacifi c region means that the competitive landscape remains highly fragmented with potential for growth.

The Frost IQ (FIQ) for Asia Pacifi c Web Application Firewall Vendors 2013 focuses on web application fi rewall (WAF) solutions across different form factors in the Asia Pacifi c region. Market segments evaluated include enterprise horizontals, verticals and service providers. The base year of the study is CY2012. The parameters used to determine relative positioning on the FIQ matrix include market share, product/service strategy, people/skills strategy, ecosystem and business strategy.

COMMUNICATIONS

The Frost IQ for Asia Pacifi c Web Application Firewall Vendors 2013F5 Networks, Imperva, Penta Security Systems and Barracuda Networks have been positioned in the champions’ quadrant, based on a combination of market share performance and future growth strategies as determined by Frost & Sullivan research studies.

frost IQ.indd 8frost IQ.indd 8 23/5/2014 7:07:55 PM23/5/2014 7:07:55 PM

© 2011 Tyco Electronics Corporation, a TE Connectivity Ltd. company. All rights reserved. • www.te.comTE Connectivity, TE connectivity (Logo) and TE (logo) are trademarks.

Features:

• 30A hold current

• Rated at 36VDC, 100A max.

• Low device resistance (< 2mOhm) compared to other breaker devices

• Able to withstand heavy vibration and impact

• Device allows easy mounting between 18650 cells

Applications:

• Li-ion battery packs for high-rate-discharge applications

- Cordless power tools - E-bikes - Back-up power supplies (UPS) - Medical Devices

• Motor protection

www.circuitprotection.com

Features:• Opens at temperature below critical thermal threshold

• Compatible with up to 3 Pb-free solder reflow processes with peak temperatures up to 260°C

• Low series resistance

• DC interrupt voltage capable

• Robust design for harsh environment tested per stringent qualification specification

• RoHS compliant, lead and halogen free

Applications:• Helps provide protection against thermal runaway for powerFETs

and other components if failure occurs in applications such as automotive HVAC, ABS, power steering, DC/DC converters, PTC heaters, etc. or IT servers, telecom power, converters, etc.

• Other DC thermal protection

Metal Hybrid PPTC (MHP) DevicesResettable Circuit Protection for High-Rate-Discharge Li-ion Battery Applications

Reflowable Thermal Protection (RTP) DevicesReflowable Thermal Protection Solutions for Power Electronics Designs in Rugged Environments

Circuit ProtectionNew Products

C

M

Y

CM

MY

CY

CMY

K

E&C-MHP_RTP.ai 1 10/06/2011 2:08 PME&C-MHP_RTP.ai 1 10/06/2011 2:08 PM

COMMUNICATIONS

10 JUNE 2014

The necessity of relying on web applications to drive business processes has given rise to the popularity of Web Application Firewall (WAF) solutions for many

organisations in the Asia Pacifi c region.

Employing web applications allows companies to run their businesses more effectively in several ways, such as enhancing the user experience or reducing overhead costs. This has, in turn, led to an increased possibility of security breaches in the corporate network, especially with cyber attacks becoming more prevalent. A rising number of these sophisticated attacks are also happening at the application level.

As such, enterprises are beginning to acknowledge the limitations of their traditional network fi rewalls and recognise that these sophisticated threats can only be rectifi ed through the utilisation of a WAF solution.

The shift towards securing web applications is also due to stringent regulatory requirements for client data protection and privacy laws in light of essential services such as Internet banking and e-commerce transactions.

Frost & Sullivan has evaluated the top ten web application fi rewall vendors in the Asia Pacifi c region and assessed them using the Frost Industry Quotient (Frost IQ) matrix. The Frost IQ matrix comprises of four quadrants: ‘champions’, ‘challengers’, ‘defenders’ and ‘explorers’.

The Frost Industry Quotient - Frost IQ, is a proprietary Frost & Sullivan vendor assessment tool that accurately operationalises and captures the merits and challenges faced by technology vendors in their respective segments and geographies. The tool aims to provide key decision makers with a localised yet objective perspective of the industry in a highly heterogeneous business environment.

In the Frost IQ for Asia Pacifi c Web Application Firewall Vendors 2013, F5 Networks, Imperva, Penta Security Systems and Barracuda Networks have been positioned in the champions’ quadrant, based on a combination of market share performance and future growth strategies as determined by Frost & Sullivan research studies.

WAFs can be largely divided into three forms; standalone WAF appliances, integrated WAF on an Application Delivery Controller (ADC) or software WAF solutions. At present, standalone appliances remain the preferred form factor in the Asia Pacifi c region, accounting for 77.7 per cent of the market. However, this may change in the future.

Edison Yu, Associate Director, ICT Practice, Frost & Sullivan Asia Pacifi c says, “Standalone versions are generally perceived as a better option for protecting mission-critical web applications but the cost-effective integrated WAF solutions have been gaining popularity. This is especially so for businesses such as service providers and Small and Medium Businesses (SMBs) who appreciate the lower costs and ease of use generated (by integrated WAFs).”

Nascent WAF market remains fragmented yet demonstrates strong growth potential with market revenue expected to reach US$750.5 million by 2019

F5 Networks, Imperva, Penta Security Systems and Barracuda Networks emerge as champions in the APAC Web Application Firewall Vendors Frost IQ matrix

COMMUNICATIONS

comm f5 networks.indd 10comm f5 networks.indd 10 23/5/2014 7:09:03 PM23/5/2014 7:09:03 PM

11 JUNE 2014

In 2012, the web application fi rewall market in the Asia Pacifi c region was largely dominated by four main players in terms of their market share performance; F5 Networks, Imperva, Penta Security Systems and Barracuda Networks. These vendors have not only built up a strong market presence in their respective regions but differentiated themselves through their WAF offerings, such as offering standalone and integrated WAF solutions.

From a future growth perspective, the Frost IQ also recognises the efforts of NSFOCUS, Citrix Systems and Venustech to compete in the Asia Pacifi c WAF market, be it in product development or market expansion.

Although their presence has been largely limited to local markets, smaller vendors such as Piolink, MonitorApp and Trinity Soft have been progressively increasing their business with hopes of regional expansion.

With more enterprises looking to migrate their key business functions over to the web and utilise web applications to drive business processes, the need for WAF will only become more evident in future.

“As cyber attacks and threats become more sophisticated, enterprises will require the security intelligence and application fl uency offered by WAF technology to protect their business-critical web installations from increasingly prevalent application layer attacks,” states Yu.

However, the relatively nascent state of the WAF market in the Asia Pacifi c region means that the competitive landscape remains highly fragmented with potential for growth.

The Frost IQ (FIQ) for Asia Pacifi c Web Application Firewall Vendors 2013 focuses on web application fi rewall (WAF) solutions across different form factors in the Asia Pacifi c region. Market segments evaluated include enterprise horizontals, verticals and service providers. The base year of the study is CY2012. The parameters used to determine relative positioning on the FIQ matrix include market share, product/service strategy, people/skills strategy, ecosystem and business strategy.


Frost & Sullivan, the Growth Partnership Company, works in collaboration with clients to leverage visionary innovation that addresses the global challenges and related growth opportunities that will make or break today’s market participants. For more than 50 years, we have been developing growth strategies for the global 1000, emerging businesses, the public sector and the investment community. Is your organization prepared for the next profound wave of industry convergence, disruptive technologies, increasing competitive intensity, Mega Trends, breakthrough best practices, changing customer dynamics and emerging economies.

comm f5 networks.indd 11comm f5 networks.indd 11 23/5/2014 7:09:18 PM23/5/2014 7:09:18 PM

COMMUNICATIONS

12 JUNE 2014

In 2014, big data will grow bigger, wearable devices will become more abundant, and online retailing will become more prevalent amongst business-to-business.

New analysis from Frost & Sullivan (www.frost.com), Top 14 Ideas and Innovations for 2014, fi nds that the trends mentioned above are the top three key global game changers for 2014.

To view the rest of the trends, please email Donna Jeremiah, Corporate Communications, at [email protected], with your full name, company name, job title, telephone number, company e-mail address, company website, city, state and country.

Big data is growing at a rate of 40 percent annually generating a massive pool of data offering valuable insights and opportunity for predictive analytics. This year will see increased activity from businesses in using this big data to offer personalised, customised and intelligent services that are more real-time or proactive, thus making its augmentation the top prediction of 2014.

“Virtualisation of data and analytics will become imperative to businesses.” said Frost & Sullivan’s Visionary Innovation Team Leader and Senior Research Analyst Archana Vidyasekar. “Online retail giants, such as Amazon, have already launched interesting services, such as Amazon Kinesis, that analyses data in the real-time to offer customized services.”

Much like the fi rst trend, wearable devices have already started to create a buzz that is only expected to become louder in 2014. Last year saw the launch of wearable smart gadgets, such as smart watches and Google Glass that emulated functions of a smartphone perfectly. While there

is skepticism and hype surrounding this market, its potential in regards to new services, such as undisputed monitoring of health, has propelled these gadgets to the forefront of products to watch in the wellness industry. In fact, most of big technology and web companies are actively pursuing this market.

Finally, while e-Commerce has recently grown tremendously through B2C retail, many do not realise that there has been a massive upturn on B2B online retailing in the past few years, contributing more to the e-commerce market than B2C.

“Electronic B2B that was traditionally comprised of conventional Electronic Data Interchange platforms with minimum choice of vendors and a costlier implementation system, is moving to the wider web of the internet toward online platforms that offer more choice, fl exibility and price options,” said Vidyasekar.”These online platforms provide instant quotes, thus offering quicker responses and much more agile procurement and supply services.”

Top 14 Ideas and Innovations for 2014 is part of the Visionary Innovation Research Growth Partnership Service program. Frost & Sullivan’s related research services include: The Advent of Digital Retailing and the Impact on Global Car Dealership Structures, Outlook of Mobility Solutions and Business Models in Asia - Japan, South Korea, and Singapore, Emerging Trends Shaping the Future of Middle East and North Africa, Strategic Opportunity Analysis of the Global Smart City Market, and Asia-Pacifi c Buildings Sector: Macro to Micro Implications of Mega Trends to 2025, among others. All research services included in subscriptions provide detailed market opportunities and industry trends evaluated following extensive interviews with market participants.

Further Growth of Big Data, Wearable Devices and B2B Online Retailing Lead the Pack of Global Trends that Will Shape 2014Frost & Sullivan predicts top 14 ideas and innovations that will have an impact across all industries this year

comm further growth.indd 12comm further growth.indd 12 23/5/2014 7:15:14 PM23/5/2014 7:15:14 PM

13 JUNE 2014 13313131313131331313133JUJUUJJJUJUJUJJJUJUJU ENNEEENENEENENENNENENEE 222222222222220000000000000111100000000101100001000000111101000000010000101111111001010011144444444444444444444444444

comm further growth.indd 13comm further growth.indd 13 23/5/2014 7:15:25 PM23/5/2014 7:15:25 PM

COMMUNICATIONS SECURITY

14 JUNE 2014

Adoption of Managed Security Services Rises in APAC to Counter Growing Cyber Attacks

Enterprises in the Asia-Pacifi c region are increasingly outsourcing network infrastructure security as they fi nd themselves ill-equipped to handle complex and multiple cyber threats. The managed security services (MSS)

market in the region is also gathering momentum due to stringent regulations, and the popularity of cloud computing as well as the bring-your-own-device trend. Organisations are now more aware of the benefi ts of security service models for protecting network infrastructure, gaining operational fl exibility, supporting internal growth, and achieving performance objectives.

New analysis from Frost & Sullivan (http://www.networksecurity.frost.com), Analysis of Asia-Pacifi c Managed Security Services (MSS) Market, 2012, fi nds that the market earned revenues of US$1.66 billion in 2012 and estimates this to reach US$5.34 billion in 2019.

“The improved quality of services and the enhanced service level agreements offered by professional security service providers play an important role in accelerating trust in third-party services among enterprises,” said Frost & Sullivan Information and Communication Technologies Industry Manager Cathy Huang. “Organisations are also adopting security services as an add-on to their existing security setup.”

However, the strong mindset towards product ownership will somewhat dampen the growing momentum of the market in the Asia-Pacifi c region. With the availability of affordable security products, enterprises prefer spending on dedicated appliances rather than purchasing services they would not wholly own.

Organisations bolster existing security with value-added professional security services.

comm security.indd 14comm security.indd 14 23/5/2014 7:15:52 PM23/5/2014 7:15:52 PM

15 JUNE 2014

Nevertheless, the client base will widen signifi cantly in the future as awareness of the advantages of MSS improves. Many enterprises, especially those from banking, fi nancial services and insurance (BFSI) and government verticals, are already employing a phased approach towards MSS.

“MSS providers must continue to expand their service portfolios to include emerging advanced services such as data loss protection, Web application fi rewall and security

forensics” noted Huang. “Services pertaining to security analytics and risk management are likely to be introduced in the near future.”

If you are interested in more information on this research, please send an e-mail to Donna Jeremiah, Corporate Communications, at [email protected], with your full name, company name, job title, telephone number, company e-mail address, company website, city, state and country.

Analysis of Asia-Pacifi c Managed Security Services (MSS) Market, 2012 is part of the Network Security Technologies Growth Partnership Service program. Frost & Sullivan’s related research services include: SIEM and Log Management Market, Global Mobile Endpoint Protection Market, Asia-Pacifi c Secure Content Management Market, and Asia-Pacifi c Web Application Firewall Market. All research services included in subscriptions provide detailed market opportunities and industry trends evaluated following extensive interviews with market participants.

Frost & Sullivan: Adoption of Managed Security Services Rises in APAC to Counter Growing Cyber Attacks


Frost & Sullivan, the Growth Partnership Company, works in collaboration with clients to leverage visionary innovation that addresses the global challenges and related growth opportunities that will make or break today’s market participants.Our “Growth Partnership” supports clients by addressing these opportunities and incorporating two key elements driving visionary innovation: The Integrated Value Proposition and The Partnership Infrastructure.

• The Integrated Value Proposition provides support to our clients throughout all phases of their journey to visionary innovation including: research, analysis, strategy, vision, innovation and implementation.

• The Partnership Infrastructure is entirely unique as it constructs the foundation upon which visionary innovation becomes possible. This includes our 360 degree research, comprehensive industry coverage, career best practices as well as our global footprint of more than 40 offi ces.

For more than 50 years, we have been developing growth strategies for the global 1000, emerging businesses, the public sector and the investment community. Is your organization prepared for the next profound wave of industry convergence, disruptive technologies, increasing competitive intensity, Mega Trends, breakthrough best practices, changing customer dynamics and emerging economies?

comm security.indd 15comm security.indd 15 23/5/2014 7:16:07 PM23/5/2014 7:16:07 PM

COMMUNICATIONS

16 DECEMBER 2012

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COMMUNICATIONS

Integrated Solutions Providers Gain Competitive Edge in the Global LED Lighting Markets, Finds Frost & SullivanMerger and acquisition activity will increase as participants strengthen market presence and enhance brand visibility

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The need to reduce energy consumption and minimise greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in lighting, which accounts for 15 percent of global energy usage and

5 percent of GHG emissions, is driving the light emitting diode (LED) lighting market. To speed up adoption, market participants are offering end users integrated LED lighting solutions that include consultation from concept to implementation along with maintenance services. Reduction in the prices of LED lamps too will boost global sale volumes and encourage emerging nations to turn to solid state lighting (SSL) to meet their energy requirements.

New analysis from Frost & Sullivan (http://www.buildingtechnologies.frost.com), World LED Lighting Markets (2013 Update), fi nds that the market earned revenues of US$9.18 billion in 2012 and estimates this to rocket up to US$36.52 billion in 2017. The residential and outdoor application segments, in particular, will witness rapid growth.

“Governments worldwide are opting for SSL to cope with the demand for artifi cial light, which is expected to see a 60 percent increase by 2030,” observed Frost & Sullivan Energy & Environmental Research Analyst Balaji Anand Sagar. “Energy-saving LED light sources, therefore, have immense scope as they last an average of 15,000 hours and produce the same lumen output as incandescent lamps, which last just 1,000 hours.”

However, the global LED lighting market has not reached its full potential as the phasing out of incandescent and compact fl uorescent lamps (CFL) is still in progress or in the nascent stage in most nations. End users, who are content with incandescent and CFL lighting technologies, need time and greater awareness on the benefi ts of LED lighting to make a transition.

While the recession-proof replacement market continues to grow, the dip in construction activities owing to the recent economic slowdown is affecting new installations. As a result, the global LED lighting market is expected to witness increasing consolidation with more mergers and acquisitions taking place to strengthen market presence and enhance brand visibility.

“To further penetrate the market, obtain repeat orders, and increase brand recall, market participants are forging strong relationships with channel partners, architects, electrical installers and customers,” noted Sagar. “They are also rolling out reliable, high-quality LED lighting solutions with warranties to remain competitive.”

If you are interested in more information on this research, please send an email to Donna Jeremiah, Corporate Communications, at [email protected], with your full contact details, company name and website, city, and country.

World LED Lighting Markets (2013 Update) is part of the Building Management Technologies Growth Partnership Service program. Frost & Sullivan’s related research services include: Analysis of the North American LED Lighting market, Assessment of the Indian B2G LED Lighting Market, Analysis of the LED Lighting Market in the GCC, European Lighting Control Systems Market, Residential LED Market in Asia-Pacifi c, European Lighting Equipment (Luminaires) market, Analysis of the Indian Lighting Control Systems Market, Non-Residential LED Market in Asia-Pacifi c. All research services included in subscriptions provide detailed market opportunities and industry trends evaluated following extensive interviews with market participants.

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Energy

Section Cover.indd 1Section Cover.indd 1 2/1/2013 11:26:53 AM2/1/2013 11:26:53 AM

ENERGY STORAGE

20 June 2014

ENERGYENERGY GROWTH

Over the next three decades, world energy consumption is projected to increase by

56 percent, driven by growth in the developing world, according to International Energy Outlook 2013 (IEO2013), released today by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).

“Rising prosperity in China and India is a major factor in the outlook for global energy demand. These two countries combined account for half the world’s total increase in energy use through 2040,” said EIA Administrator Adam Sieminski. “This will have a profound effect on the development of world energy markets,” said Mr. Sieminski. Clean-fuel technology is also playing an important role in the outlook, with renewable energy and nuclear power expected to grow faster than fossil fuels over the forecast period.

IEO2013 presents updated projections for world energy markets through 2040. The IEO2013 Reference case projection does not incorporate prospective legislation or policies that might affect energy markets.Some key fi ndings:

World energy consumption increases from 524 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu) in 2010 to 820 quadrillion Btu in 2040. The increase in world energy use is largely in the developing world, where growth is driven by strong, long-term economic growth. Half of the total world increase in energy consumption is attributed to China and India (Figure 1).

IEO2013 projects increased world consumption of energy from all fuel sources through 2040 (Figure 2). Fossil fuels are expected to continue supplying much of the energy used worldwide. Although petroleum and other liquids remain the largest source of energy, the liquid fuels share of world marketed energy consumption falls from 34 percent in 2010 to 28 percent in 2040. Renewable energy and nuclear power are the world’s

World Energy Use to Rise World Energy Use to Rise by 56 Percent by 56 Percent This is Driven by growth in the developing world.This is Driven by growth in the developing world.

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21 JUNE 2014

fastest-growing energy sources, each increasing by 2.5 percent per year; however, fossil fuels continue to supply almost 80 percent of world energy use through 2040.

Natural gas is the fastest growing fossil fuel in the outlook. Global natural gas consumption grows by 1.7 percent per year. Increasing supplies of tight gas, shale gas, and coalbed methane support growth in projected worldwide gas use. Coal grows faster than liquid fuels consumption until after 2030, due to increases in China’s consumption of coal and tepid growth in liquid fuels demand attributed to (1) slow growth in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member countries, and (2) high sustained oil prices.

Other IEO2013 highlights:

The Brent crude oil spot price averaged $112 per barrel in 2012, and EIA’s July 2013 Short-Term Energy Outlook projects averages of $105 per barrel in 2013 and $100 per barrel in 2014. With prices expected to increase in the long term, however, the world oil price in real 2011 dollars reaches $106 per barrel in 2020 and $163 per barrel in 2040.

Almost 80 percent of the projected increase in renewable electricity generation is fueled by hydropower and wind power. The contribution of wind energy, in particular, has grown rapidly over the past decade and this trend continues into the future. Of the 5.4 trillion kilowatthours of new renewable generation added over the projection period, 52 percent is attributed to hydroelectric power and 28 percent to wind. Most of the growth in hydroelectric generation (82 percent) occurs in the non-OECD countries, while more than half of the growth in wind generation (52 percent) occurs in the OECD countries (Figure 3).

Electricity generation from nuclear power worldwide increases from 2.6 trillion kilowatthours in 2010 to 5.5 trillion kilowatthours in 2040, as concerns about energy security and greenhouse gas emissions support the development of new nuclear generating capacity. Factors underlying the IEO2013 nuclear power projections are mixed. They include the consequences of the March 2011 disaster at Fukushima Daiichi, Japan; planned retirements of nuclear capacity in OECD Europe under current policies; and continued strong growth of nuclear power in non-OECD Asia.

Given current policies and regulations limiting fossil fuel use, worldwide energy-related carbon dioxide emissions rise from about 31 billion metric tons in 2010 to 36 billion metric tons in 2020 and then to 45 billion metric tons in 2040, a 46 percent increase over the 30-year span.

IEO2013 is available at http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ieo/.

The product described in this press release was prepared by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), the statistical and analytical agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. By law, EIA’s data, analysis, and forecasts are independent of approval by any other offi cer or employee of the United States Government. The views in the product and press release therefore should not be construed as representing those of the Department of Energy or other federal agencies.

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ENERGY OIL

24 JUNE 2014

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) does not anticipate an immediate impact

on global liquid fuels supply following the November 24 agreement between Iran and the fi ve permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (the United States, United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China) plus Germany (P5+1) on Iran’s nuclear program. The agreement does not directly allow for additional Iranian oil sales, although it does suspend sanctions on associated insurance and transportation services to those countries already granted import waivers.

The imposition of sanctions on associated insurance and transportation services by the European Union (E.U.) had a signifi cant effect on Iran’s exports when implemented in July 2012, but Iran has been able to create arrangements that allow it to export limited quantities of oil to several countries. EIA does not anticipate those countries signifi cantly increasing their oil imports from Iran, so without an easing of sanctions covering Iran’s ability to sell additional oil, the country is unlikely to signifi cantly increase its production or exports in the short term.

Iran’s total liquids production and exports declined signifi cantly as a result of sanctions imposed on its energy sector, and the recent agreement is not expected to signifi cantly impact the existing sanctions regime for at least the next six months, according to offi cial U.S. Department of State statements. EIA estimates Iranian crude oil production was 2.8 million barrels per day (bbl/d) in November 2013, down from an annual average of 3.7 million bbl/d in 2011 and 3 million bbl/d in 2012.

SOURCED BY SP

Iran’s oil exports not expected to increase signifi cantly despite recent negotiations

Crude oil exports averaged just 1.1 million bbl/d over the fi rst nine months of 2013, down from 2.5 million bbl/d in 2011 and 1.5 million bbl/d in 2012, according to the International Energy Agency.

Existing United States and E.U. sanctions target Iran’s petroleum exports and imports, prohibit large-scale investment in the country’s oil and gas sector, and cut off Iran’s access to European and U.S. sources of fi nancial transactions. Additional sanctions target the Central Bank of Iran, while the E.U. imposed an embargo on Iranian oil and in July 2012 banned European Protection and Indemnity (P&I) Clubs from providing Iranian oil carriers with insurance and reinsurance.

European insurers underwrite the majority of insurance policies for the global tanker fl eet, covering about 95% of tankers worldwide. The insurance ban particularly affected Iranian oil exports as lack of adequate insurance impeded sales of Iranian crude to all of its customers. Iranian exports dropped to less than 1.0 million bbl/d in July 2012 as Japanese, Chinese, South Korean, and Indian buyers encountered diffi culties in

fi nding insurance alternatives. By August and September of 2012, Iranian exports recovered somewhat as Japan, South Korea, and India began to issue sovereign guarantees for vessels carrying Iranian crude oil and condensate, and China and India began to accept Kish P&I Club—an Iranian insurer—guarantees on the vessels that shipped oil to their refi neries. While the recent agreement suspends the shipping insurance ban, many of the countries currently importing Iranian oil are already using alternative insurers, thereby limiting Iran’s ability to signifi cantly increase exports.

In 2012, Iran’s net oil export revenues were signifi cantly lower than the $95 billion generated in 2011. The upper bound estimate of Iran’s net oil export revenues in 2012 was $69 billion, assuming that Iran was able to receive hard currency payments for all of its estimated exports and did not offer discounts despite the application of sanctions by the United States and the E.U. This upper bound estimate may signifi cantly overstate the country’s actual net oil export revenues. Oil exports make up 80% of Iran’s total export earnings and 50-60% of government revenue, according to The Economist Intelligence Unit.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Agency

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25 JUNE 2014

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The International Energy Outlook 2013 (IEO2013) projects that world energy consumption will

grow by 56 percent between 2010 and 2040. Total world energy use rises from 524 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu) in 2010 to 630 quadrillion Btu in 2020 and to 820 quadrillion Btu in 2040 (Figure 1). Much of the growth in energy consumption occurs in countries outside the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD),2 known as non-OECD, where demand is driven by strong, long-term economic growth. Energy use in non-OECD countries increases by 90 percent; in OECD countries, the increase is 17 percent. The IEO2013 Reference case does not

incorporate prospective legislation or policies that might affect energy markets.

Renewable energy and nuclear power are the world’s fastest-growing energy sources, each increasing by 2.5 percent per year. However, fossil fuels continue to supply almost 80 percent of world energy use through 2040. Natural gas is the fastest-growing fossil fuel in the outlook. Global natural gas consumption increases by 1.7 percent per year. Increasing supplies of tight gas, shale gas, and coalbed methane support growth in projected worldwide natural gas use. Coal use grows faster than petroleum and other liquid fuel use until after 2030, mostly because of increases in China’s consumption of coal and tepid growth in liquids demand attributed to

slow growth in the OECD regions and high sustained oil prices.

The industrial sector continues to account for the largest share of delivered energy consumption; the world industrial sector still consumes over half of global delivered energy in 2040. Given current policies and regulations limiting fossil fuel use, worldwide energy-related carbon dioxide emissions rise from about 31 billion metric tons in 2010 to 36 billion metric tons in 2020 and then to 45 billion metric tons in 2040, a 46-percent increase.

World economic background

The world is still recovering from the effects of the 2008-2009 global recession.3 As these effects continue to be felt, many unresolved economic issues add to the uncertainty associated

The International The International Energy Outlook Energy Outlook 20132013 Sourced by SP

ENERGY OUTLOOK

26 JUNE 2014

energy outlook.indd 26energy outlook.indd 26 26/5/2014 11:42:24 AM26/5/2014 11:42:24 AM

with this year’s long-term assessment of world energy markets. Currently, there is wide variation in the economic performance of different countries and regions around the world. Among the more mature OECD regions, the pace of growth varies but generally is slow in comparison with the emerging economies of the non-OECD regions. In the United States and Europe, short- and long-term debt issues remain largely unresolved and are key sources of uncertainty for future growth. Economic recovery in the United States has been weaker than the recoveries from past recessions, although expansion is continuing. In contrast, many European countries fell back into recession in 2012, and the regions economic performance has continued to lag. Japan, whose economy had been sluggish before the devastating earthquake in March 2011, is recovering from its third recession

in 3 years. Questions about the timing and extent of a return to operation for Japan’s nuclear power generators compound the uncertainty surrounding its energy outlook.

In contrast to the OECD nations, developing non-OECD economies, particularly in non-OECD Asia, have led the global recovery from the 2008-2009 recession. China and India have been among the world’s fastest growing economies for the past two decades. From 1990 to 2010, China’s economy grew by an average of 10.4 percent per year and India’s by 6.4 percent per year. Although economic growth in the two countries remained strong through the global recession, both slowed in 2012 to rates much lower than analysts had predicted at the start of the year. In 2012, real GDP in China increased by 7.2 percent, its lowest annual growth rate in 20 years. India’s real GDP growth slowed to 5.5 percent in 2012.

The world’s real gross domestic product (GDP, expressed in purchasing power parity terms) rises by an

average of 3.6 percent per year from 2010 to 2040. The fastest rates of growth are projected for the emerging, non-OECD regions, where combined GDP increases by 4.7 percent per year. In the OECD regions, GDP grows at a much slower rate of 2.1 percent per year over the projection, owing to more mature economies and slow or declining population growth trends. The strong growth in non- OECD GDP drives the fast-paced growth in future energy consumption projected for these nations.


27 JUNE 2014

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ENERGY OUTLOOK

28 JUNE 2014

World energy markets by fuel type

ENERGY OUTLOOK

COMPILED BY SP

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29 JUNE 2014

In the long term, the IEO2013 Reference case projects increased world consumption of marketed energy from all fuel sources through 2040 (Figure 2). Fossil fuels are expected to continue supplying much of the energy used worldwide. Although liquid

fuels—mostly petroleum-based—remain the largest source of energy, the liquids share of world marketed energy consumption falls from 34 percent in 2010 to 28 percent in 2040, as projected high world oil prices lead many energy users to switch away from liquid fuels when feasible. The fastest growing sources of world energy in the Reference case are renewables and nuclear power. In the Reference case, the renewables share of total energy use rises from 11 percent in 2010 to 15 percent in 2040, and the nuclear share grows from 5 percent to 7 percent.

Liquid fuels

World use of petroleum and other liquid fuels5grows from 87 million barrels per day in 2010 to 97 million barrels per day in 2020 and 115 million barrels per day in 2040. In the Reference case, all the growth in liquids use is in the transportation and industrial sectors. In the transportation sector, in particular, liquid fuels continue to provide most of the energy consumed. Although advances in nonliquids-based transportation technologies are anticipated, they are not enough to offset the rising demand for transportation services worldwide. Despite rising fuel prices, use of liquids for transportation increases by an average of 1.1 percent per year, or 38 percent overall, from 2010 to 2040. The transportation sector accounts for 63 percent of the total increase in liquid fuel use from 2010 to 2040, and the remainder is attributed to the industrial sector, where the chemicals industry continues to consume large quantities of petroleum throughout the projection. The use of liquids declines in the other end-use sectors and for electric power generation.

To satisfy the increase in world liquids demand in the Reference case, liquids production increases by 28.3 million barrels per day from 2010 to 2040, including the production of both petroleum (crude oil and lease condensate, natural gas plant liquids [NGPL], bitumen, extra-heavy oil, and refi nery gains), and other liquid fuels (coal-to-liquids [CTL], gas-to-liquids [GTL], biofuels, and kerogen). The Reference case assumes that countries in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) will invest in incremental production capacity in order to maintain a 39-43 percent share of total world liquids production through 2040, consistent with their share over the past 15 years. Increasing volumes of petroleum from OPEC producers contribute 13.8 million barrels per day to the total increase in world liquids production, and petroleum supplies from non-OPEC countries add another 11.5 million barrels per day (Figure 3).


ENERGY OUTLOOK

30 JUNE 2014

Nonpetroleum liquids resources from both OPEC and non-OPEC sources grow on average by 3.7 percent per year over the projection period, but they remain a relatively minor share of total liquids supply through 2040. Production of nonpetroleum liquids is supported by sustained high prices in the Reference case; however, their development also relies heavily on country-specifi c regulatory policies. World production of nonpetroleum liquids, which in 2010 totaled only 1.6 million barrels per day (less than 2 percent of total world liquids production), increases to 4.6 million barrels per day in 2040, about 4 percent of total world liquids production. The largest components of future nonpetroleum liquid fuels production are biofuels in Brazil and the United States, at 0.7 and 0.5 million barrels per day, respectively, and CTL in China, at 0.7 million barrels per day. Those three countries account for 64 percent of the total increase in nonpetroleum liquids supply over the projection period.

Advances in technology make liquids production in previously inaccessible regions increasingly feasible, while higher oil prices make production in those regions economically viable. An important example of the potential impact of technological advances is the rapid growth of U.S. shale oil production in recent years, a development that has the potential to change the structure of oil markets worldwide. Although the extent of the world’s shale oil resources is not yet fully understood, there is potential for shale oil production to increase non-OPEC supplies of liquid fuels substantially over the course of the IEO2013 projection. A study commissioned by EIA to assess shale oil resources in 41 countries outside the United States,6 taken in conjunction with EIA’s own assessment of resources within the United States, indicate worldwide technically recoverable resources of 345 billion barrels of shale oil resources, which would add considerable non-OPEC

liquid fuels production potential if the resources became economically competitive with other sources of liquids supply.

Natural gas

World natural gas consumption increases by 64 percent in the Reference case, from 113 trillion cubic feet in 2010 to 185 trillion cubic feet in 2040. Although the global recession resulted in an estimated decline of 3.6 trillion cubic feet in natural gas use in 2009, robust demand returned in 2010 with an increase of 7.7 trillion cubic feet, or 4 percent higher than demand in 2008,

before the downturn. Natural gas continues to be the fuel of choice for the electric power and industrial sectors in many of the world’s regions, in part because of its lower carbon intensity compared with coal and oil, which makes it an attractive fuel source in countries where governments are implementing policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, it is an attractive alternative fuel for new power generation plants because of relatively low capital costs and the favorable heat rates for natural gas generation. The industrial and electric power sectors together account for 77 percent of the total projected world increase in natural gas consumption.

An outlook for strong growth in reserves and production contributes to the strong competitive position of natural gas among other energy sources. Signifi cant changes in natural gas supplies and global markets continue. The largest production increases from 2010 to 2040 in the Reference case (Figure 4) occur in non-OECD Europe and Eurasia (18.9 trillion cubic feet), the OECD Americas (15.9 trillion cubic feet), and the Middle East (15.6 trillion cubic feet). The United States and Russia each increase natural gas production by around 12 trillion cubic feet, together accounting for nearly one-third of the total increase in world gas production. Russia’s production growth is


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supported mainly by increasing exploitation of the country’s resources in the Arctic and eastern parts of the country. U.S. production growth comes mainly from shale resources.

Although there is more to learn about the extent of the world’s tight gas, shale gas, and coalbed methane resource base, the IEO2013 Reference case projects a substantial increase in those supplies—especially in the United States,

Canada, and China. In the United States, one of the keys to increasing natural gas production has been advances in the application of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing technologies, which made it possible to develop the country’s vast shale gas resources and contributed to a near doubling of total U.S. technically recoverable natural gas resource estimates over the past decade. In the Reference case, shale gas accounts for 50 percent of U.S. natural gas production in 2040. Tight gas, shale gas, and coalbed methane resources in Canada and China account for more than 80 percent of their total domestic production in 2040 in the Reference case.

World natural gas trade, both by pipeline and by shipment in the form of liquefi ed natural gas (LNG), is poised to increase in the future. LNG accounts for a growing share of world natural gas trade in the Reference case, more than doubling from about 10 trillion cubic feet in 2010 to around 20 trillion cubic feet in 2040. Most of the increase in liquefaction capacity is in Australia and North America (the United States and Canada), where a multitude of new liquefaction projects are expected to be developed, many of which will become operational within the next decade. At the same time, existing facilities in North Africa and Southeast Asia have been underutilized or are shutting down as a result of production declines at older fi elds associated with the liquefaction facilities, and because domestic natural gas consumption is more highly valued than exports.


ENERGY OUTLOOK

32 JUNE 2014

Although LNG trade has grown at a faster rate than pipeline trade in recent years, pipeline transportation of natural gas remains an integral part of world natural gas trade in the IEO2013 Reference case. The outlook includes several new long-distance pipelines and expansions of existing infrastructure through 2040. The largest volumes of internationally traded natural gas by pipeline currently occur between Canada and the United States, and among a number of OECD and non-OECD countries in Europe. By the end of the projection period, the IEO2013 Reference case also includes large volumes of pipeline fl ows into China from both Russia and Central Asia.

Coal

In the IEO2013 Reference case, which does not include prospective greenhouse gas reduction policies, coal remains the second-largest energy source worldwide. World coal consumption rises at an average rate of 1.3 percent per year, from 147 quadrillion Btu in 2010 to 180 quadrillion Btu in 2020 and 220 quadrillion Btu in 2040. The near-term expansion of coal consumption refl ects signifi cant increases in China, India, and other non-OECD countries. In the longer term, growth of coal consumption decelerates as policies and regulations encourage the use of cleaner energy sources, natural gas becomes more economically competitive as a result of shale gas development, and growth

of industrial use of coal slows, largely as a result of China’s industrial activities. Coal consumption is dominated by China (47 percent), the United States (14 percent), and India (9 percent), with those three countries together accounting for 70 percent of total world coal consumption in 2010. Their share of world coal use increases to 75 percent in 2040 in the Reference case (Figure 5).


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Despite the signifi cant increase in coal use in developing non-OECD countries, the environmental impacts of mining and burning coal have driven policies and investment decisions in favor of cleaner and increasingly competitive energy sources—natural gas in particular. As a result, coal’s share of world energy consumption stops growing in the next decade and gradually declines after 2025. Consumption of all other energy sources (except liquids) grows faster than coal use, particularly in the power sector. For example, the coal-fi red share of world electricity generation declines from 40 percent in 2010 to 36 percent in 2040, while the renewables share increases from 21 percent to 25 percent, the natural gas share from 22 percent to 24 percent, and the nuclear share from 13 percent to 14 percent.

World coal production parallels demand, increasing from 8 billion short tons in 2010 to 11.5 billion short tons in 2040 and refl ecting the same expansion in the near term, followed by much slower growth in later years. Global coal production is concentrated among four countries—China, the United States, India, and Australia—and in the other countries of non-OECD Asia (mainly Indonesia). Their combined share of total world coal production increases in the IEO2013 Reference case from 78 percent in 2010 to 81 percent in 2040. China alone accounted for 44 percent of global coal production in 2010, and its share peaks at 52 percent in 2030. Projected coal production is signifi cantly different from region to region, ranging from sustained growth in China to limited growth in the United States to steady decline in OECD Europe.


ENERGY OUTLOOK

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Electricity

World net electricity generation increases by 93 percent in the IEO2013 Reference case, from 20.2 trillion kilowatthours in 2010 to 39.0 trillion kilowatthours in 2040. In general, the growth of electricity demand in the OECD countries, where electricity markets are well established and consumption patterns are mature, is slower than in the non-OECD countries, where at present many people do not have access to electricity. Total net electricity generation in non-OECD countries increases by an average of 3.1 percent per year in the Reference case, led by non-OECD Asia (including China and India), where annual increases average 3.6 percent from 2010 to 2040. In contrast, total net generation in the OECD nations grows by an average of 1.1 percent per year from 2010 to 2040.

In many parts of the world, concerns about security of energy supplies and the environmental consequences of greenhouse gas emissions have spurred government policies that support a projected increase in renewable energy sources. As a result, renewable energy sources are the fastest growing sources of electricity generation in the IEO2013 Reference case, at 2.8 percent per year from 2010 to 2040. After renewable generation, natural gas and nuclear power are the next fastest growing sources of generation, each increasing by 2.5 percent per year. Although coal-fi red generation increases by an annual average of only 1.8 percent over the projection period, it remains the largest source of world power generation through 2040 (Figure 6). The outlook for coal, however, could be altered substantially by any future national policies or international agreements aimed at reducing or limiting the growth of greenhouse gas emissions.


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Almost 80 percent of the projected increase in renewable electricity generation is fueled by hydropower and wind power. The contribution of wind energy, in particular, has grown rapidly over the past decade, from 18 gigawatts of net installed capacity at the end of 2000 to 183 gigawatts at the end of 2010—a trend that continues into the future. Of the 5.4 trillion kilowatthours of new renewable generation added over the projection period, 2.8 trillion kilowatthours (52 percent) is attributed to hydroelectric power and 1.5 trillion kilowatthours (28 percent) to wind. Most of the growth in hydroelectric generation (82 percent) occurs in the non-OECD countries, and more than half of the growth in wind generation (52 percent) occurs in the OECD countries. High construction costs can make the total cost of building and operating renewable generators higher than those for conventional plants. The intermittence of wind and solar energy, in particular, can further hinder the economic competitiveness of those resources, as they are not necessarily available when they would be of greatest value to the system. However, improving battery storage technology and dispersing wind and solar generating facilities over wide geographic areas could help to mitigate some of the problems associated with intermittency over the projection period.

Electricity generation from nuclear power worldwide increases from 2,620 billion kilowatthours in 2010 to 5,492 billion kilowatthours in 2040 in the IEO2013 Reference case, as concerns about energy security and greenhouse gas emissions support the development of new nuclear generating capacity. Factors underlying the IEO2013 nuclear power projections include the consequences of the March 2011 disaster at Fukushima Daiichi, Japan; planned retirements of nuclear capacity in OECD Europe under current policies; and continued strong growth of nuclear power in non-OECD Asia.

Japan signifi cantly curtailed its nuclear generation as a direct result of the Tōhoku earthquake and related tsunami on March 11, 2011. In addition to the four damaged Fukushima Daiichi reactors, Japan’s 50 other nuclear reactors were shut down over the following 14 months. Japan compensated for the loss of nuclear generation by increasing its generation from natural gas, oil, and coal and by implementing effi ciency and conservation measures to reduce load. Two reactors have returned to service, and additional reactors are expected to return to service soon. In the IEO2013 Reference case, fossil fuel generation and conservation continue to bridge the gap left by the shutdown of many of Japan’s nuclear plants.

The Fukushima Daiichi disaster could have long-term implications for the future of world nuclear power development in general. Even China—where large increases in nuclear capacity have been announced and are anticipated in the IEO2013 Reference case—halted approval processes for all new reactors until the country’s nuclear regulator completed a safety review. Germany and Switzerland announced plans to phase out or shut down their operating reactors by 2022 and 2034, respectively. Although the IEO2013 Reference case considered the impacts of the disaster at Fukushima Daiichi, the uncertainty associated with nuclear power projections for Japan and for the rest of the world has increased. Still, substantial increases in nuclear generating capacity are projected, including 149 gigawatts in China, 47 gigawatts in India, 31 gigawatts in Russia, and 27 gigawatts in South Korea.



PRODUCT NEWS

36 JUNE 2014

Environment-friendly AC Drives by Fuji ElectricThe FRENIC4600FM5e Medium-voltage IGBT Inverters off er direct variable-speed control of medium-voltage motors, and greatly raises the effi ciency and power factor, and conserves energy.

Fuji medium-voltage IGBT inverter FRENIC4600FM5e

With a compact design, that makes for cost effective space saving, the FRENIC 4600FM5e is an ideal inverter for power sources and motors. This new Fuji inverter is industry’s smallest-class inverter and achieved this status by incorporating signifi cant panel size reduction into its’ design. Also, the multi-phase diode rectifi er system reduces harmonics on the power source side. Due to the use of Fuji Electric’s unique multi-level PWM control system, the switching surge is reduced and existing motors (standard ones) can be operated.

Other features of the FRENIC 4600FM5e include: High-effi ciency and high-power factor

• The use of a multi-phase diode, full-wave rectifi er provides a high-power factor (95% or more) on the power source.• The elimination of output transformers for operation has improved total effi ciency (approx. 97%).• Fuji Electric’s original multi-level PWM control has reduced the IGBT switching loss.

High-reliability

• Higher equipment reliability is achieved by reducing the number of inverter cells by using a single-phase, 3-level inverter, etc..• Stable operation is maintained despite load fl uctuations, by the simple sensor-less vector control function.• The control device has a 32-bit MPU for quick response and high-accuracy.

Easy maintenance

• The inverter is air-cooled, requiring no cooling water.• Start/stop operation, parameter setting, fault display and data monitoring are performed from the touch panel with simple loader functions.

• Simple, built-in auto-tuning functions facilitate testing and adjustment.• Fault diagnoses are easily performed.• A dry-type input transformer is adopted.

The FRENIC 4600FM5e also offers substantial reduction of harmonic current on power source side!

Due to progress in power electronics, semiconductors have recently been used for industrial electrical equipment and household electrical appliances in order to enhance convenience and ease of operation. However, due to harmonic currents generated from such equipment and appliances, the voltage of the power system is often distorted and many troubles occur in equipment connected to the power system.

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Fuji Electric Asia Pacifi c Pte. Ltd.171 Chin Swee Road, #12-01 San Centre, Singapore 169877 Tel: (65) 6533 0014 Fax: (65) 6533 0021 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fujielectric.com/asia

However, because the use of equipment containing power electronics will increase, measures for suppressing harmonics need to be improved.

The FRENIC4600FM5e suppresses the harmonics by using a multi-phase diode rectifi cation system (equivalent to 36-phase rectifi cation), thereby substantially reducing the generation of harmonics in comparison with previous models.

This inverter is ideal for power sources.

Total inverter effi ciency as high as approximate 97% (at full load)

• Because an output transformer is unnecessary, inherent losses are eliminated.• Multi-level PWM control minimizes switching loss.• Because the harmonic current on the power source side is reduced, the primary winding of the input trans former has a reduced loss due to the harmonics.

Source power factor as high as 95% or more (at full load) Due to full-wave rectifi cation with multi-phase diodes, operation is allowed with the source power factor (power factor on power source side) set at a high level.

• A phase advancing capacitor and a DC reactor for improving the source power factor are unnecessary.• A smaller power capacity suffi ces for inverter operation.

Master control PC board

• Mounting of a 32-bit MPU, and a special MPU in the voltage and current detection system offers a quick response and high accuracy.• Incorporation of a simple sensor-less vector control function enables inverters to maintain stable operation irrespective of load fl uctuation even without a speed sensor.• Vector control with a speed sensor is available (as an option) for equipment having high speed and torque accuracy requirements

Friendly to machines

If a harmonic current component is contained in the inverter output current, a torque ripple occurs on the output shaft of a motor. A torque ripple means a change in rotational speed or a large vibration if the frequency of the torque ripple matches the natural frequency of the mechanical system and torque ripple is large. In FRENIC4600FM5e, the harmonic component on the output side is extremely small due to the multi-level (max. 17 levels) PWM control and the main component of torque ripple is at around the carrier frequency (several kHz). Therefore, torque ripple hardly affects the machine side.

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RMS45 MICROSPLITTER. Connec-tor system for fast, flexible cable sha-ring. The adapter embeds four services in standard RJ45 jacks. Assembly, insertion and removal without the need for tools. Numbers and color clips provide added security.

FUNCTION. Where cable sharing is required, simply configure distributors and outlets with an RMS45. Insert splitter, assemble the connector and that’s it. The microsplitter solution can

be used to reconfigure existing buil-ding wiring and your trusty LAN. It supports Cat. 3, Cat. 5 and Cat. 6 for telephony, ISDN, Ethernet and IP.

GET MORE. More connections … without delay. A LAN is required to provide more Internet access, integrate more workstations and accommodate more terminals. R&M’s RMS45 solves the problem at the flick of the wrist, elegantly and in the smallest of spaces. No special installation preparation

required. Existing infrastructures re-tain their value, which is even added to. RMS45, the most efficient solution in the history of cable sharing. Visit www.rdm.com for more information.

Reichle & De-Massari Far East (Pte) Ltd., 20 Toh Guan Road, #04-00 CJ GLS Building, SGP-608839 SingaporeTel. +65 6506 5600, Fax +65 6566 9925, e-mail [email protected], www.rdm.com

Pat. pending

FL XIBILITY

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EnC June 14

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