Empowering the poor and marginalized for AIDS prevention, care, and mitigation
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Empowering the poor and marginalized for AIDS prevention,
care, and mitigation
Vinod ThomasDirector-General, Evaluation
Independent Evaluation Group, World BankAugust 15, 2006
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Africa and Latin America have the world’s highest levels of income inequality
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AIDS has reversed decades of hard-won gains in life expectancy in Southern Africa
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The marginalized are at higher risk of HIV infection: Female sex workers
0.9 0.92 1.6
6.1
8.79.4
20.8
26.325.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Guatemala India Burkina Faso Cambodia Kenya
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(per
cent
)
General population
Female sex workers
Source: UNAIDS 2006
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The marginalized are at higher risk of HIV infection: Injecting drug users
0.1 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.4 1.4
22.9
30.6
23
12.4
38.8
48.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Pakistan Vietnam Argentina Russia Thailand Ukraine
HIV
pre
vale
nce
(per
cent
)
General population
Injecting drug users
Source: UNAIDS 2006
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Public sector support for prevention among high-risk groups is declining in Africa
89
78 78
44 44
33
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Condoms STD treatment IEC
Perc
ent o
f cou
ntrie
s
MAP I countries
MAP II countries
Source: IEG (OED) 2005.
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Growth in targeted interventions for high-risk groups in Brazil, 1999-2003
Growth in targeted interventions for high-risk groups during
AIDS II, 1999-2003
1730
57
234
30
49
125
160
267
25
54
106
235
127
138
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
MSMIDUCSW
Source: IEG (OED) 2005