Empowering the next level

CharIN – Charging Interface Initiative e. V.

Empowering

the next level

of e-mobility

October 2021

CharIN AssociationCharIN e. V. | Empowering the next level of e-mobility 3

• Focus Group Set-Up

Charging Infrastructure

Harmonization of the ramp-up of CCS charging

infrastructure and the involved charging

process based on the market needs: removing market entry barriers for EV owners, charge point

operators and manufacturers

Charging Connection

Harmonise future developments of

coupler systems for AC and DCDevelop

recommendations for standardi-sation

Conformance Test| Interoperability

Requirements for Golden Test Device

(GTD)Interoperability of

customer use cases Enabling of multiple

GTDs of manufacturers or test housesAchieve global

acceptance of GTD

Grid Integration

Vehicle-to-grid/vehicle-to-home:

regulations for standardisation

Solving of technical issues

Integration of end user view

Dialogue with utilities

Focus Groups

Support of development , specification and test of charging communicationClose gaps and provide recommendations for

communication protocols of the electric

vehicle (EV) charging system

Charging Communication

North America EuropeAndré Kaufung

AsiaJacques Borremans

Expert Team

CharIN‘s Value Chain

CharIN e. V. | Empowering the next level of e-mobility 4

140 Europe

45 Asia / Australia

32 North America

63

EVSE

8

GridOperators

24

EMSP / ICT

30

CPO

49Plug / Cable / Sub Supply

44

Testing /Standardization

114 Core Members

101 Regular Members

2 Associated Members

43 OEM

One system for all

CCS and MCS Megawatt Charging System

(MCS) up to 5MW

High Power Charging

(HPC)

Fast Charging (FC)Interoperable

ISO 15118PLC

CCS

ISO 15118PLC

Glo

bal

ISO 15118PLC

DC-Connector

Communication

CCS


CCS-Combo1

CCS-Combo1

One system for all

CCS and MCS Megawatt Charging System

(MCS) up to 5MW

High Power Charging

(HPC)


ISO 15118PLC

CCS

ISO 15118PLC

Glo

bal

ISO 15118PLC

DC-Connector

Communication

CCS


CCS-Combo2

CCS-Combo2

Stakeholders

First step was to build a diverse and broad team of stakeholders

Undeniable momentum was needed

CharIN e. V. | MCS – Rustam Kocher

MCS Requirements

Technical Spec

Bild als

hintergrund?

CharIN e. V. | MCS – Rustam Kocher 8

Requirements

• Single conductive plug

• Max 1250 volt & 3000 amp (DC)

• PLC + ISO/IEC 15118

• Touch Safe (UL2251)

• On-handle software-interpreted override switch

• Adheres to OSHA & ADA (& local equivalent) standards

• FCC Class A EMI (& local equivalent)

• Located on left side of the vehicle, roughly hip height

• Capable of being automated

• UL (NREL) certified

• Cyber-Secure

• V2X (bi-directional)

Electric Island

First of it’s kind public electric truck charging site in Portland, Oregon. Partnership between Portland General Electric andDaimler Trucks America (PGE & DTNA). Is prepared for installation of MCS charger and Battery Storage.

What does a real-world EV charging infrastructure require ?

1. Fast Charging2. Seamless roaming among Charging Point Operators (CPO)3. Seamless roaming between CPO in different Provinces/ Countries4. Secured payments 5. Single Charging Standard6. Long-term investment protection7. Future Ready

Charging behavior

Charging performance

Detailed overview of CCS (Combined Charging System)Performance

Home Metropolitan / Highway Long distance highway

* with consumption of 12,7 kWh/100 km50 kW 150 kW

~ 20 min* < 10 min*

350 kW

< 4 min*

min/100 km

▪ Maximal charging power up to 600 kW

CCS next level offers more flexibility in mobility

▪ Charging voltage up to 1.000 V and current greater 350 A


1. Fast Charging

Standardization – perspectives for CSSCharging times for about 400 km range

.

minutes

.

min/400 km

350 kW

50 kW

12 min..

100 kW

150 kW

250 kW

450 kW < 7 min.

20 min..

27 min..

40 min..

80 min..


2. Seamless roaming among Charging Point Operators

(CPO)

Some acronyms…..

CPO uses this communication

protocol to manage it’s ISO15118

charging infrastructure

OCPP2.1: Open Charge Point Protocol

Exchange protocol between

the different CPO using

OCPI

OCPI: Open Charge Point Interface

Roaming with different operators using ISO 15118

Charging Operator1

Charging Operator2

Charging Operator3

Charging Operator4

CCS ISO 15118 communication protocol

OCPP: Open Charge Point Protocol

OCPI: Open Charge Point Interface


3. Seamless roaming between CPO in different Provinces/

Countries

Different CPO

E-Mobility Provider will form clusters in each region

HUB solves the roaming problem by connection a series of EMP who

acquire electricity from different Electricity providers


4. Secured Payments

Software: SecurityCommunication security @ Charging Station

VehicleStation

Electricity Provider

Payment Operator

Billing InformationCharging Service

Confirmation of charge

Software: securitySecurity Threats in EV and Charging Infrastructure

VehicleStation


Payment Operator

Eavesdropping Charging Data &Session Hijacking Impersonation

Tampering with Communication Messages

Disputes or Repudiation

Malicious Code Injection

Security Requirements

▪ Secure Communication with mutual authentication

▪ Integrity and non-repudiation for billing

▪ Confidentiality for personal & business information

▪ Availability of electricity

Software: securityProtocols and Security Features

PLUG ‘N CHARGE

Vehicle

Station


Payment Operator

ISO 15118

• Encryption using TLS

• Authentication

• Signing billing receipt

OSCP / ISO 61850

• TLS Secure Communication

• Message Authentication

OCPP

• Authentication

• TLS Secure Communication

OCA

OCPP standardizes the communication between the charge spot and the party that operates the charge,

thereby allowing CSO back-ends and charge spots of different vendors to communicate.

▪ OSCP(Open Smart Charging Protocol) allows a DSO (Distribution System Operators) to vary the capacity

available to charge stations in time,

given the varying predicted capacity needed for other consumers in an area.

• OCA : Open Charge Alliance

• OCPP : Open Charge Point Protocol

• OSCP : Open Smart Charging Protocol

Software: SecuritySecurity Model for EV & EVS

VehicleStation


Payment Operator

V2G PKI (Public Key Infrastructure ) System

OEM PKI System

ChargerCertificate

ContractCertificate

EnrollmentCertificate

Verification of Enrollment CertificateServerCertificate

ServerCertificate

Plug ‘n Charge (ISO 15118)


5. Single Charging Standard

- Infrastructure build up: slow.

- Investment cost: high

- Maintenance cost: high

- EV sales: slow

33 85 59 60 100

336

830 1594 2797 3480 3973

693

998

1172

1480

1616

248

1323

1520

4200

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 May '21

Growth of High Power CCS Chargers (DC) in South Korea up to May 2021

Other KEPCO Ministry of Environment

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Aug-21

Yearly Sales of BEV in South-Korea

> 600 HPC @ 350kW

DC Chargers 50 kW & above

>25,000

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Aug-21

Yearly sales of BEV in Europe


6. Long-term investment protection

Development of released EV

> 150 DC Charging stations➢ Each with several HPC chargers➢ Operational since 2012

Multi-standard charger usage data over time

92.20%

7.55%

0.30%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%FastNed Charging by Outlet Type over a 3.5 year period

CCS-Combo 1


7. Future Ready

Customer comfort

AWC | ACD | PnC

Automated Wireless Charging

Automated Conductive Charging

Plug and Charge


Automated Charging Important for future developments

Autonomous driving Fleets / Car Sharing /Rental companies

Pantograph Charging Wireless Charging

Value added services with the International Charging Standard CCS

Communication protocol: ISO 15118

(ISO 15118)

Who should have the biggest say in the Charging Standard?

Worldwide based CharIN members

Grid Operators

Utility companies

Charging Station

Operators

E-mobility Service

Providers

EVSE, Test

Equipment,Hardware, Software

companies

EV producers

Which charging standard can offer the whole package?

1. Fast Charging2. Seamless roaming among Charging Point Operators (CPO)3. Seamless roaming between CPO in different Provinces/ Countries4. Secured payments 5. Single Charging Standard6. Long-term investment protection7. Future Ready

One system for all

CCS and MCSMegawatt

Charging System (MCS) > 2MW

High Power Charging

(HPC)


ISO 15118PLC

CCS

ISO 15118 PLC

Glo

bal

ISO 15118PLC

DC-Connector

Communication

CCS CCS CCS


Charging System Standards worldwide


Advantages of ISO 15118 Communication Protocol

Charging System Communication Protocol DC AC TLS PnC SCF WPT BiDi ACD

CCS 1CCS 2MCS

(Global)

ISO 15118-20 Ed. 1 (Target date 2021)

ISO 15118-2:2014 Ed. 1

DIN SPEC 70121:2014 Ed. 2

CHAdeMO 3.0 (Japan) Tbd (ChaoJi-2, CAN 11bit*)

CHAdeMO(Japan) IEC 61851-23/24 (CAN 11bit*)

ChaoJi (China) Tbd (ChaoJi -1, CAN 29bit*)

GB/T (China) GB/T 27930 (CAN 29bit*)

AC – Alternating current charging ACD – Automatic connection device BiDi – Bidirectional charging DC – Direct current charging *Limited bandwidth due to CAN bus based physical layer

PnC – Plug & Charge SCF – Smart charging function TLS – Transport Layer Security WPT –Wireless Power Transfer

ISO 15118-20 Ed. 1 adds additional features and charging methodsFor the first time, implementation of ISO 15118-20 Ed. 1 will serve all use cases to enable seamless introduction of electric vehicles.

CharIN e. V.

Our members – currently 217 (total) 1/3

Core Members

Core members: 114


CharIN e. V.

Our members – currently 217 (total) 2/3

Regular members: 101Associated Members

Regular Members


CharIN e. V.


Accessible to you at any time right round the world

CharIN North America

CharIN Head Quarter

CharIN India CharIN South Korea

CharIN Asia

CharIN Japan

CharIN China

CharIN Brussels

Geschäftsstelle Ladeschnittstellec/o Carmeq GmbH

Contact details

Phone +49 30 288 8388 0Fax +49 30 288 8388 19E-Mail [email protected] www.charinev.org

@charginginterface

@CharIN e.V.

@worldwideccs

Thank you for your kind attention!

Jacques BorremansE-mail: [email protected]: +852 6852 5687

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.charinev.org/

mailto:[email protected]

Empowering the next level

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