Emerging Networking Technologies for Industrial Applications

Dr. Prasant MisraW: https://sites.google.com/site/prasantmisra

Disclaimer:

The opinions expressed in this presentation and on the following slides are solely those of the presenter and not necessarily those of the organization that he works for.

Standards (“wired”)

FOUNDATION Fieldbus H1 (Fieldbus foundation)

CAN (Robert Bosch GmbH) vehicle bus standard

Modbus (Schneider Elelectric)

PROFIBUS (BMBF/Siemens and others)

HART (Rosemount Inc.) could communicate over legacy 4-20mA analog

instrumentation

Industrial Applications

Popular Communication, Networking and Control Standards for Industrial Systems

Features/Guiding Principles

Ultra-high reliability, even under harsh environments

“Zero” network failure

“ GO Wireless ” !!! : Industrial Systems

Industrial Applications“GO Wireless”

“Lower” installation, operation and maintenance cost

“Competative” end-to-end reliability and battery life

“ GO Wireless + IP ” !!! : Industrial Systems “GO IP”

“Easy” integration with IT systems and the Internet

Industrial ApplicationsConventional Internet

IP Protocol Suite

Conventional Internet

“ Go Wireless + IP ” in Industrial Systems

Industrial Applications

IP Protocol Suite + “nuances”

Non-IP Protocol Suite

Gateway

Existing Work

Existing Stack using IEEE 805.15.4 as the PHY

Convergence / Adaptation

Zigbee AllianceZigbee

IECWirelessHART

MicrochipMiWi

ISA 100.11a

IETF6LoWPAN

Routing

Application

Transport

MAC

IEEE 802.15.4e

PHY

IEEE 802.15.4-2006 (868/915/2400MHz)

Popular IETF Stack for Edge Devices : 6LowPAN RFC Portfolio

6LoWPAN Adaptation

IEEE 802.15.4e

IEEE 802.15.4-2006

RPL

UDP DTLS

CoAP, CoAPs

IP IPSec

1. RFC 4944 (base 6LowPAN) Transmission of IPv6 Packets over IEEE 802.15.4 Networks

2. RFC 6282Compression Format for IPv6 Datagrams over IEEE 802.15.4 Networks

3. RFC 6775Neighbor Discovery Optimization for IPv6 over 6LoWPAN

4. RFC 4919IPv6 over 6LoWPAN: Overview, Assumptions, Problem Statement & Goals

5. RFC 6606Problem Statement and Requirements for IPv6 over 6LoWPAN Routing

6. RFC 6568Design and Application Spaces for IPv6 over 6LoWPAN

6LoWPAN Adaptation

IEEE 802.15.4e

IEEE 802.15.4-2006

RPL

UDP DTLS

CoAP, CoAPs

IP IPSec

Popular IETF Stack for Edge Devices : Other RFC Portfolio

1. RFC 7252CoAP

2. RFC 6347 / 4347DTLS v1.2

3. RFC 4862 IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration

4. RFC draft-raza-6lowpan-ipsec-00 Compression of IPsec AH and ESP Headers for 6LoWPAN Networks

Thread

6LoWPAN Adaptation

IEEE 802.15.4e

IEEE 802.15.4-2006

DV Routing

UDP DTLS

Application

IP

Thread Stack for Edge Devices

6LoWPAN Adaptation

IEEE 802.15.4e

IEEE 802.15.4-2006

RPL

UDP DTLS

CoAP, CoAPs

IP IPSec

“Popular” IETF

1. RFC 1050 Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

2. RFC 2080RIP for IPv6

HTTP, HTTPs, CoAP, CoAPs, OAuth

TCP, UDP TLS, DTLS

IP IPsec

Ethernet

CoAP, CoAPs, OAuth

UDP DTLS

IP RPL IPsec

6LoWPAN

IEEE 802.15.4 PHY + MAC

CoAP, CoAPs

DTLS comp. DTLS

UDP comp. UDP

IPv6 com. IPv6

IPsec com. IPsec

Ethernet/WiFi 802.15.4 security

Putting “All-together”

Work “in-progress”

“New” IETF Stack for Edge Devices: +6TiSCH

6LoWPAN Adaptation

IEEE 802.15.4e (TSCH)

IEEE 802.15.4-2006

RPL

UDP DTLS

CoAP, CoAPs

IP IPSec

6TiSCH 6top

Schedule Manager: build and maintain a TSCH schedulehttps://bitbucket.org/6tisch/

draft-ietf-6tisch-architecture-09 An Architecture for IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE 802.15.4

draft-ietf-6tisch-minimal-15 Minimal 6TiSCH Configuration

And many morehttps://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/6tisch/documents/

6TiSCH: “glue” between : link-layer standard offereing industrial performance (reliability &

power consumption), and IP-enabled upper stack

IETF Deterministic Networking (DetNet)

What can be made deterministics in wireless networks ?

Bounded worse case latency schedule all transmissions = time sync + resource reservations (buffers, queues)

Delivery ratio

diversity to counter unpredictable interference Spatial --> redundancy temporal/frequency --> retry failed transimitions and hop channels

Deterministic networking refers to the pre-computation and pre-allocation of pre-determined physical resources in the network (queues, buffers, transmission medium) for well characterized flows that are known a-priori, in order to avoid statistical effects that lead to poor bandwidth utilization, uncontrolled jitter, and congestion loss.

A path is nailed down for a particular set of resources at particular times, and the forwarding behavior ensures that the right packets are forwarded at the right time to make use of these resources.

IETF Deterministic Networking (DetNet) : Open ChallengesEdge Platform (constrains) introduce operational challenges: Limited buffering capacity avaliable --> Cannot store frames in transit from multiple flows Single radio with half-duplex properties --> Cannot transmit and receive at the same time Energy limitations --> Needs to be factored in for calulating the globally best schedules with min OPEX Imprecise system clocks --> High precision time-stamping (< 1us) is challenging Workable schedules in stable topologies is achievable; but what about topologies with high percentage of

“grey” links (typical of LLN) ?

Deterministic Networking Professional Audio Requirements http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gunther-detnet-proaudio-req-01

Deterministic networking for radio access networks http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-korhonen-detnet-telreq-00

6TiSCH requirements for DetNet http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-thubert-6tisch-4detnet-01

Deterministic Networking Utilities requirements http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wetterwald-detnet-utilities-reqs-02

Deterministic Networking Use Case in Mobile Network http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zha-detnet-use-case-00

Deterministic Networking Problem Statement http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-finn-detnet-problem-statement-03

Deterministic Networks Gap Analysis http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-dujovne-detnet-gap-analysis-00

Deterministic Networking Architecture http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-finn-detnet-architecture-01

Thanks !!!