EMERGING AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES...EMERGING AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES By Arnold Black, Resource Efficiency...

EMERGING AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES

By Arnold Black,

Resource Efficiency KTN,

www.resource-efficiency.org

Global Watch is a DTI service managed by Pera

WEEE Recovery – The European Story

http://www.resource-efficiency.org/



Key finding and conclusions

• Recovery of the plastics fraction essential to meet the recovery targets

• Sophisticated Collection and handling facilities required

• Training of operators and senior staff through the supply chain.

• Developing solutions for anticipated problems



Dioxins and Furans in WEEE Plastics

• Incineration of plastics filled with Brominated Flame Retardants (BFR) creates Dioxins and Furans (PBDD/F) which can be above the threshold limits of German ChemVV

• Dioxins are also produced within hot shredder/granulation equipment when processing BFR plastics. The smaller the particle size of the plastics, the more Dioxins and Furans are produced

• Higher BFR levels were found in Monitor & TV housings than in Mixed Shredder residues

•Imports of plastics from Asia are raising the levels of BFRs in WEEE

Fraunhofer InstitutVerfahrenstechnikund Verpackung

IVV



The Creasolv® Process

• The Creasolv® Process can turn mixed plastics waste into polymers such as ABS and HIPS

• Flame retardants, Dioxins and Furans can be reduced by 70-93%

• Polymer product has properties similar to virgin polymers

• Currently on a lab scale, the Creasolv® process needs to be commercialised on an industrial scale


IVV



WEEE plastic fractions2 types of polymer fractions available

Manual dismantling(CRT glass)

Monitors & TV housing polymers >95% polymersFew polymer typesHigh BFR-levels

Mixed shredder residues~80% polymersMany polymer typesLower BFR-levels

Metal recovery,shredder


IVV



CreaSolv® processAim:

Recycling BFR-containing WEEE plastics to top quality technicalpolymers• free of other polymers

• free of contaminants

• genuine specifications

Polymer-recyclate

Plastic-waste

PretreatmentGrindingWashing

Recyclingof solvents

ConfectionCompressing

DryingCompounding

Dissolving

Cleaning

Precipitating


IVV



mg/kg OctaBDE DecaBDE TBBPA TBPE

Product 1. run

168 48 <30 130

Product 2. run

288 210 102 90

CreaSolv® Products from shredded TV-set casings(BFR fraction)

CreaSolv®

product

Regranulate

Elimination rates

95%96%97%98%99%

100%

OctaBDE DecaBDE TBBP A TBPE

Product 1 Product 2


IVV



Results of KERP Project:Pilot production on a small technical scale

Input100%

Yield of single process steps:Filtration ~85% BFR elimination ~95%

Products 80%

ABS/HIPS=6/4Mixed product

Purified polymers

By-products

20%


IVV



Results of KERP Project:RoHS compliance

TBBP Appm

OctaBDEppm

TBPEppm

DecaBDEppm

Br, calc ppm

Input 5428 861 1478 1198 5920

HIPS product 244 98 156 392 657

ABS product 295 111 155 323 639

Mix product 236 94 126 288 542

Threshold limit - 1000 - - -


IVV



Results of KERP Project:ChemVV compliance

Sum 4ppb

Sum 5ppb

HIPS product 0,16 < 0,30

HIPS MFI 0,48 < 0,65

Threshold limit 1 5


IVV



Introduction to Catalytic Depolymerisation

But what to do with the rest, But what to do with the rest, when the metals are gone?when the metals are gone?

Metals give the best revenuesMetals give the best revenues



The Inventor and the InventionInvention: Turn hydrocarbon waste into biodieselInventor: Christian KochProduct: KDV 500



Infeed Materials• All kinds of plastic, including PVC

• Rubber and car tyres

• Oil waste, wax and all kinds of grease

• Agricultural waste, animal leftovers and food waste

• Hospital waste that has been sterilized, dehydrated and dried

• Refinery waste, like bitumen, tar etc



Diesel Quality – Test Results• CDP diesel was tested in several laboratories

• Cetan-number > 56: Quality is higher than “normal”

• Specific weight: ok

• Water content: ok

• Other specs: ok

• No dioxins

• No bromides

• Good till – 16°C

• Result: The diesel is ok for use in motor engines



Summary and Advantages

• Diesel fuel from hydrocarbons, even from PVC waste • Production of clean “ready to use” diesel • Low costs (approx. EUR 0,23 per litre Diesel all in) • Reduced process temperature 270…350 °C• Unpressurized catalytic conversion (pressure -0.1 bar)• No dioxins and furans• Low energy consumption • Environment protecting process• High yield of process - approx. 90 % energy recovery! • Reduction of CO² emissions to the atmosphere



MBA Polymers• Can take mixed plastic shredder waste and

process to produce HIPS and ABS.

• Input capacity: 40 ktpa (Kematen, Austria)

• Infeed materials not containing BFR’s



Infeed conveyor



Test Piece



Inside Plant



About Resource Efficiency Knowledge Transfer Network

• Formerly Mini-Waste Faraday Partnership

• Expanded resource remit with no sector limits

• Retail/commercial partners now acceptable

• Strategic alliances with NISP

• Collaborating within the bigger KTN programme



Other areas of Funding• Future Technology Programme calls

– Towards Zero Emissions (November 2006 TBC)

• Carbon Trust– Eco-design type projects

• Grant for R&D– Small developmental projects

• WRAP– Focussed material based projects



Thanks for Listening!

• Contact DetailsArnold Black

Operations DirectorResource Efficiency Knowledge Transfer Network

+44 (0)151 347 [email protected]

www.resource-efficiency.org

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.resource-efficiency.org/

EMERGING AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES...EMERGING AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES By Arnold Black, Resource Efficiency...

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