Emergency Procedures Emergency Procedures for Beech Bonanzas and Debonairs.
-
Upload
clyde-carpenter -
Category
Documents
-
view
229 -
download
0
Transcript of Emergency Procedures Emergency Procedures for Beech Bonanzas and Debonairs.
Emergency ProceduresEmergency Proceduresfor Beech Bonanzas and Debonairs
Single-Engine EmergenciesSingle-Engine Emergencies
• Stimulate thought and visualization• Avoid confusion and panic• Thinking through emergency scenarios ahead
of time• Reinforce knowledge of aircraft systems and
procedures
Two Types of “Emergencies”Two Types of “Emergencies”
• Abnormal conditions• True emergencies
Two Types Two Types of “Emergencies”of “Emergencies”
True emergencies• Engine failures• Fires• Autopilot malfunctions• Split-flap condition• Door open on takeoff
1. Cabin door unlatches
2. Manual landing gear extension
3. Electrical system failure
4. Engine power loss/forced landing
Priority of ActionsPriority of Actions
• Maintain aircraft control• Analyze the situation• Continue to control the aircraft• Take the appropriate action
Door Open on TakeoffDoor Open on Takeoff
Door Open in Cruise FlightDoor Open in Cruise Flight
• Maintain aircraft control• Land to secure the
door• Added drag, added fuel
to destination• Pattern considerations• CHECK LANDING
GEAR!
Landing Gear MalfunctionsLanding Gear Malfunctions
Possibilities:Possibilities:
• Landing gear motor failure• Manual gear hand crank obstruction• Bent or broken gear system push rod or rod
end
Landing Gear Malfunction Do’s and Don’ts
• Do NOT cycle the gear• DO climb to a safe altitude• DO use the POH Emergency checklist
BANG!BANG!
• Reference the Landing Gear Manual Extension checklist
• Perform all steps to beginning the crank
• Turn the hand crank one-half to three-quarters of a turn
• Stow the hand crank and reset the breaker
If the gear will not extend, start the checklist over and extend the landing gear fully by hand.
Manual Extension TechniqueManual Extension Technique
• Follow the checklist!• Slow the airplane to 100 – 110 knots• Turn the hand crank approximately 15 turns• Sit up, confirm attitude, look for traffic• Add 1 to 2” MP
Manual Extension: a TechniqueManual Extension: a TechniqueRepeat the technique:
• Crank 15 turns
• Confirm attitude
• Look for traffic
• Add 1 to 2” MP
Then:
• Crank 10 turns (it will get harder)
• Confirm attitude
• Look for traffic
• Add 1 to 2” MP
And finally:
• Crank 10 turns or until it will go no further
• Confirm attitude
• Look for traffic
• Add 1 to 2” MP
• Avionics begin to dimAvionics begin to dim• NAV flag on HSI or OBSNAV flag on HSI or OBS• Odd odorOdd odor
Electrical FireElectrical Fire
What do you lose?
• Turn coordinator• HSI• Electric attitude indicator• Autopilot• Communications and navigation• Engine gauges and fuel indicators
Now what?Now what?
• Ventilate the cabin• Fire extinguisher• Emergency descent• Land as soon as possible• Turn on only what you absolutely need• Gear extension• No-flap landing
Night/IMCNight/IMC
• Flashlights• Handheld comm radio with
external antenna• Handheld GPS• Land as soon as practical• Fly toward improving weather
Engine FailuresEngine Failures
Consider…
Propeller OverspeedPropeller Overspeed
• Throttle – RETARD TO PROPELLER RED LINE
• Airspeed – REDUCE• Oil Pressure – CHECK• Land – NEAREST SUITABLE SITE
• Maintain control of the airplane• Analyze the situation• Take corrective actions
Priority of ActionsPriority of Actions
Total NTSB Reports and Total NTSB Reports and Engine FailuresEngine Failures
Engine Failures and FuelEngine Failures and Fuel
Other Engine Failure Causes
• Mechanical failures (cylinders, propellers, etc.)
• Maintenance issues in the fuel system• Ignition and oil systems• Undetermined
Who owns the airplane?
THE INSURANCE COMPANYTHE INSURANCE COMPANY
What is your job?
CONTINUE TO CONTINUE TO
FLY THE AIRPLANEFLY THE AIRPLANE
Pilot Action PlanPilot Action Plan
• Maintain control of the airplane• Aim for an emergency landing site• Perform the memory steps of the Engine Failure in
Flight checklist• Attempt to restart the engine• Maximum Glide configuration• Landing Without Power checklist• Passenger evacuation• Contact help and ATC
Best GlideBest Glide
• PITCH for Best Glide– 105 to 110 knots for most; as low as 90
mph in some– Reduces with airplane weight– 6 degrees nose low attitude
• Gear and Flaps: UP• Propeller: PULL FULLY AFT• TRIM
Pilot Action PlanPilot Action Plan
• Maintain glide speed and attitude• Switch to a MAIN fuel tank you know contains
fuel• Aim for an emergency landing site
Attempt a RestartAttempt a Restart
If time and altitude permit:
• Verify the fuel selector valve• Mixture control• Auxiliary fuel pump• Alternate air handle (when equipped)
Forced LandingForced Landing
• Continue to your landing site• MAYDAY call if time permits• Fuel selector OFF• Mixture control IDLE CUTOFF• Magnetos OFF• Brief your passengers• Tighten seat belts and shoulder harnesses• Flaps and landing gear• Battery and Alternator/Generator OFF• Fly until the airplane stops moving
How far can I glide?
What rate of descent should I expect?
Radius of glide
High key2500 ft AGL Downwind key
1500 ft AGL
Base key1000 ft AGLStraight-in key
800 ft AGL
TouchdownTouchdown
• Aim about 1/3 of the way into your landing zone
• Land with as little energy as possible
Touchdown ConsiderationsTouchdown Considerations
• Seat belts and shoulder harnesses• Touch down aligned with the landing surface• Extend the landing gear• Fuel and electrical switches OFF
Touchdown ConsiderationsTouchdown Considerations
• Wings level• Nose up
“Fly the thing as far into the crash as possible”
– Bob Hoover
Physics at TouchdownPhysics at Touchdown
Touchdown GS (kts) KE (ft-lbs) % change
Normal (65 kts) 562,128 0
Downwind (80 kts) 851,508 +52%
Into the wind (50 kts) 332,620 -41%
KINETIC ENERGY = ½ mass x (velocity squared)- all this has to be dissipated somewhere at impact
Example--weight 3000 pounds
Impact G-ForcesImpact G-Forces
Speed (kts)Minimum
distance for 9Gs
Gs per 1 ft of travel
G per 50 ft of travel
G per 100 ft of travel
50 12 111 2.2 1.1
65 21 188 3.75 1.9
80 32 234 5.7 2.9
100 49 443 8.9 4.4
Seat belt design strength is about 9Gs
Engine Failure on TakeoffEngine Failure on Takeoff
• Expect the engine to fail every time• Mentally review your Action Plan just before
you line up• Climb at full power and Vy to at least 1000
feet AGL• More altitude = more options
• Maintain control of the airplane• Push for airspeed• Aim for your pre-planned emergency field• Switch tanks• Auxiliary fuel pump• Maintain control• Flaps DOWN• Landing gear DOWN• Fuel and electrical OFF
FIRE!FIRE!
FIRE!FIRE!
• Memorized checklist• Mixture: IDLE CUTOFF• Fuel selector: OFF• Transition to Maximum Glide• Emergency Descent
One more time…One more time…
• Maintain aircraft control• Analyze the situation• Continue to control the aircraft• Take the appropriate action
Especially For
Complete your training andComplete your training andfly with the Beech experts!fly with the Beech experts!
See www.bppp.org