Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

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Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Firefighter I

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Transcript of Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Page 1: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Firefighter I

Page 2: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Copyright and Terms of Service

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. These materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of the Texas Education Agency (TEA) and may not be reproduced without the express written permission of TEA, except under the following conditions:

1)  Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials and Related Materials for the districts’ and schools’ educational use without obtaining permission from TEA.

2)  Residents of the state of Texas may reproduce and use copies of the Materials and Related Materials for individual personal use only, without obtaining written permission of TEA.

3)  Any portion reproduced must be reproduced in its entirety and remain unedited, unaltered and unchanged in any way.

4)  No monetary charge can be made for the reproduced materials or any document containing them; however, a reasonable charge to cover only the cost of reproduction and distribution may be charged.

Private entities or persons located in Texas that are not Texas public school districts, Texas Education Service Centers, or Texas charter schools or any entity, whether public or private, educational or non-educational, located outside the state of Texas MUST obtain written approval from TEA and will be required to enter into a license agreement that may involve the payment of a licensing fee or a royalty.

Contact TEA Copyrights with any questions you may have.

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Page 3: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

SCBA Restrictions and Limitations

Physical factors that can effect confidence– Poor physical condition – you must be in good

physical condition to maximize your work performance and extend your air supply

– Agility – SCBA can limit movement and affect balance. It is important that firefighters have good balance. Conditioning exercises can minimize the effect of SCBA on your agility

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SCBA Restrictions/Limitations(continued)Physical factors that can effect

confidence– Facial features • Maintain a good face seal• Industry standards do not allow for

firefighters to have facial hair that prevents a good seal• Eyeglasses and contact lenses can also be a

problem if not worn according to industry standards (See standards NFPA 1500 and OSHA CFR 1919.134.)

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Confined Spaces and Inherent Hazards• Oxygen deficient atmospheres• Atmospheres with less than 18.5% oxygen• Grain storage bins• Caves and underground tunnels• Basements and cellars with limited access or

egress• Extreme temperatures• Cave-ins and collapsed buildings• Flooded areas of standing water or other liquids

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Page 6: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Anticipation of Problems

• Pre-incident planning• Training• Incident Action Plans (IAPs) – an air management

system should be part of the department’s IAP to prevent firefighters from advancing into confined spaces further than their air supply will allow them to safely

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Page 7: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Delay Entrance

• Until an IAP is developed• Stage the Incident Commander (IC)

outside hot zones because of inherent hazards at the scene (not obstructing the entrance)

• Understand the tactical problems that exist– Ventilation – Rescue– Lighting

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Page 8: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Negotiating Restricted Openings

• Slip out of the SCBA backpack and harness while leaving the face piece in place

• Put the backpack and harness assembly back on after negotiating the restricted area. While doing so– Reduce your profile– Push the SCBA in front of yourself while

maintaining control at all times– Continue to breathe through your face

piece (do not remove it)8

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Page 9: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Areas of Limited Visibility• Move about by staying low (crawling)• Feel with a tool as you move slowly,

negotiating where you are • If you can see the floor, you may be able

to “duck walk” or walk in a crouched position. This is faster, but more dangerous than crawling.

• Always operate in teams of two or more• Use a tag line

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Page 10: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Emergency Procedures For SCBA Failure• Conserve air and retreat

immediately• SCBA regulator malfunction– Intermittently open and close the

bypass (purge) valve to allow air into your face piece

– Close it after each breath to conserve air, and open it again when you need another breath

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Page 11: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Emergency Procedures For SCBA Failure (continued)Recommended actions– Remain calm• Control your breathing• Alert your team members

–Withdraw to a safe atmosphere• With other members of your team• Use available exits or create one if

necessary

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Emergency Procedures For SCBA Failure (continued)Recommended actions (continued)– Use your radio to declare a “Mayday”– Follow your department’s Standard Operating

Procedure (SOP)

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Emergency Procedures For SCBA Failure (continued)Recommended actions (continued)– Activate the Personal Alert Safety

System (PASS) device– You may be able to follow the fire

hose by using the couplings to indicate the direction of travel (male indicates the direction of the exit)

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Emergency Procedures For SCBA Failure (continued)Recommended actions (continued)– Crawl in one direction, making all right-hand

or all left-hand turns; be consistent–Make noise; get someone’s attention– Lay flat and stay close to the wall so you can be

easily found

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Page 15: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Emergency Procedures For SCBA Failure (continued)Recommended actions (continued)– If you become separated from your crew• Follow your department’s SOP• Describe your surroundings• Control your environment as best you can

(example: keep doors closed unless it is an escape route)• Slow your breathing as much as possible to

conserve air

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Page 16: Emergency Operations with Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

Resources

• 0135151112, Essentials of Firefighting (5th

Edition), International Fire Service Training Association (IFSTA).

• Photographs used with permission from IFSTA (Title slide, Slides 6 – 10 and 12)

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