Emergency Networks and Future Public Safety...
3
Editorial Emergency Networks and Future Public Safety Systems Maurizio Casoni , 1 Song Guo , 2 and Abderrahim Benslimane 3 1 University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy 2 e Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China 3 CERI/LIA University of Avignon, Avignon, France Correspondence should be addressed to Maurizio Casoni; [email protected] Received 29 July 2019; Accepted 29 July 2019; Published 14 August 2019 Copyright © 2019 Maurizio Casoni et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Natural or man-made disasters, CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear), can cause many casualties in urban areas and massive destruction in critical in- frastructures. Terrorist attacks, especially in high-rise buildings, can be responsible for entrapment of a large number of people. Entrapment can also occur as a result of collapsed structures due to accidental or deliberate explo- sions (e.g., collapsed mines, technical failures, and confined spaces). In past events, PPDR (public protection and disaster relief ) agencies, e.g., fire brigades, ambulance service, and police, have always had many difficulties to effectively do their work because of technical and organizational issues. Interoperability among first responders belonging to dif- ferent teams has always been very difficult, as well as co- ordination actions among the agencies [1]. In addition, managing and recovery of collapsed terrestrial telecom- munication infrastructures has always been a major issue to solve in crisis events [2–4]. Ideally, future public safety systems should be in- teroperable, secure, and resilient for voice and data com- munications, supporting broadband communications and services. erefore, the development and setup of advanced telecommunication and networking technologies for emergency networks as support of future public safety systems are among the most important tasks to face [5–7]. e purpose of this special issue is to publish original efforts in the ICT domain for effective future public safety systems. Earthquakes have been responsible for more than 30% of the total fatalities from natural disasters in the last 30 years. A seismic alert system represents one of the most important measures to prevent and minimize earthquake damage. Klapez et al. present and evaluate the performance of Earthcloud, a cloud-based alert system helpful to reduce processing and communication delays. Communications among first responders are funda- mental for their work to provide help. Crespo-Bardera et al. propose a two-hop relay network, merging MIMO textile technology at the first responders’ jacket into the LTE-A cellular network. eir results prove the improvements in terms of network capacity and cov- erage of this novel architecture. Future public safety systems have to operate over, possibly, dedicated radio resources. Chaudry et al. present an overview of current LMR and emerging broadband LTE netwtorks to be deployed in the 700 MHz band. eir comparative study between current LMR networks and next LTE ones clearly shows the way for future public safety networks, even if several LTE services still do not meet mission-critical requirements, so that further studies and standardization activities are required. However, public safety agencies around the world started migrating to LTE networks to support broadband com- munications. Sun et al. evaluate the performance of an off- network mission-critical push-to-talk device in direct mode communications over LTE. eir study may help to define configuration guidelines and end users to properly set the system. Interoperability among agencies and countries is a mandatory requirement for future public safety systems. Sedlar at al. present the design, implementation, and results of a test bed for the 112 emergency service, which uses the Pan-European Mobile Emergency Application (PEMEA) Hindawi Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Volume 2019, Article ID 1647092, 2 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1647092
Transcript of Emergency Networks and Future Public Safety...
EditorialEmergency Networks and Future Public Safety Systems
Maurizio Casoni ,1 Song Guo ,2 and Abderrahim Benslimane3
1University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy2�e Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China3CERI/LIA University of Avignon, Avignon, France
Correspondence should be addressed to Maurizio Casoni; [email protected]
Received 29 July 2019; Accepted 29 July 2019; Published 14 August 2019
Copyright © 2019 Maurizio Casoni et al. �is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work isproperly cited.
Natural or man-made disasters, CBRN (chemical, biological,radiological, and nuclear), can cause many casualties inurban areas and massive destruction in critical in-frastructures. Terrorist attacks, especially in high-risebuildings, can be responsible for entrapment of a largenumber of people. Entrapment can also occur as a result ofcollapsed structures due to accidental or deliberate explo-sions (e.g., collapsed mines, technical failures, and con�nedspaces).
In past events, PPDR (public protection and disasterrelief ) agencies, e.g., �re brigades, ambulance service, andpolice, have always had many di�culties to e�ectively dotheir work because of technical and organizational issues.Interoperability among �rst responders belonging to dif-ferent teams has always been very di�cult, as well as co-ordination actions among the agencies [1]. In addition,managing and recovery of collapsed terrestrial telecom-munication infrastructures has always been a major issue tosolve in crisis events [2–4].
Ideally, future public safety systems should be in-teroperable, secure, and resilient for voice and data com-munications, supporting broadband communications andservices. �erefore, the development and setup of advancedtelecommunication and networking technologies foremergency networks as support of future public safetysystems are among the most important tasks to face [5–7].
�e purpose of this special issue is to publish originale�orts in the ICT domain for e�ective future public safetysystems.
Earthquakes have been responsible for more than 30% ofthe total fatalities from natural disasters in the last 30 years.A seismic alert system represents one of the most important
measures to prevent and minimize earthquake damage.Klapez et al. present and evaluate the performance ofEarthcloud, a cloud-based alert system helpful to reduceprocessing and communication delays.
Communications among �rst responders are funda-mental for their work to provide help.
Crespo-Bardera et al. propose a two-hop relay network,merging MIMO textile technology at the �rst responders’jacket into the LTE-A cellular network. �eir results provethe improvements in terms of network capacity and cov-erage of this novel architecture.
Future public safety systems have to operate over,possibly, dedicated radio resources.
Chaudry et al. present an overview of current LMR andemerging broadband LTE netwtorks to be deployed in the700MHz band. �eir comparative study between currentLMR networks and next LTE ones clearly shows the way forfuture public safety networks, even if several LTE servicesstill do not meet mission-critical requirements, so thatfurther studies and standardization activities are required.
However, public safety agencies around the world startedmigrating to LTE networks to support broadband com-munications. Sun et al. evaluate the performance of an o�-network mission-critical push-to-talk device in direct modecommunications over LTE. �eir study may help to de�necon�guration guidelines and end users to properly set thesystem.
Interoperability among agencies and countries is amandatory requirement for future public safety systems.Sedlar at al. present the design, implementation, and resultsof a test bed for the 112 emergency service, which uses thePan-European Mobile Emergency Application (PEMEA)
HindawiWireless Communications and Mobile ComputingVolume 2019, Article ID 1647092, 2 pageshttps://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1647092
protocol. "is test bed shows the feasibility of this approach,and it eases next developments of this system.
Emergency networks can employ wireless sensor net-works, which can be sparse. Zhao et al. present a sensingcoverage algorithm of sparse mobile sensor node, with trade-off between packet loss rate and transmission delay.
After a severe meteorological event, telecommunicationinfrastructures and radio resources can be strongly damagedand made out-of-service. "erefore, it is very important todetect as soon as possible, possibly real time, the currentavailability of the radio spectrum. Santana et al. present atool that senses andmonitors in real time the radiofrequencyspectrum and optimally places a number of sensors usingLora or other IoT technologies, to provide an emergencywireless coverage.
When telecommunication infrastructures are damagedby natural disasters, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) arealso very useful to provide wireless coverage, given that theycould be rapidly deployed. Mayor et al. investigate theoptimal deployment of drones equipped with WiFi. "eirproposal minimizes the number of drones required toprovide reliable communication services.
A telecommunication infrastructure is composed ofheterogeneous radio and mobile technologies. "erefore, inemergency scenarios, an efficient management of them ismandatory. Bisio et al. propose a decision maker in charge ofperforming network selection and handover decision. "eyevaluate several metrics through customized algorithms andshow the best techniques for all the considered metrics.
In case of natural disasters, it is also very important tomanage all available ICT resources at the best, to reducedelays and to improve information throughput among allactors involved in disaster recovery. Choksi et al. propose asolution for real-time resource allocation and scheduling tohandle multiple objects in postdisaster situations. "eiralgorithm performs successfully in terms of maximal re-source utilization and fulfilling the demand for differenttasks at various places. Kumar et al. propose a resourcescheduling algorithm for the postdisaster management inwhich they estimate the waiting time for the availability ofresources using queueing theory.
With this special issue, we hope that readers will be in-terested in emergency networks and future public safety systemsand they will find this issue helpful for their research and work.
Conflicts of Interest
Editors have no conflicts of interest to the assigned man-uscripts when handling them and making decisions.
Maurizio CasoniSong Guo
Abderrahim Benslimane
References
[1] H. Miller, R. Granato, J. Feuerstein, and L. Ruffino, “Towardinteroperable first response,” IT Professional, vol. 7, no. 1,pp. 13–20, 2005.
[2] S. Ghafoor, P. D. Sutton, C. J. Sreenan, and K. N. Brown,“Cognitive radio for disaster response networks: survey, po-tential, and challenges,” IEEE Wireless Communications,vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 70–80, 2014.
[3] R. Fantacci, F. Gei, D. Marabissi, and L. Micciullo, “Publicsafety networks evolution towards broadband: sharing in-frastructures and spectrum with commercial systems,” IEEECommunications Magazine, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 24–30, 2016.
[4] M. Casoni, C. A. Grazia, M. Klapez, N. Patriciello, A. Amditis,and E. Sdongos, “Integration of satellite and LTE for disasterrecovery,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 53, no. 3,pp. 47–53, 2015.
[5] K. Gomez, S. Kandeepan, M. M. Vidal et al., “Aerial basestations with opportunistic links for next generation emer-gency communication,” IEEE Communications Magazine,vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 31–39, 2016.
[6] Y. Kyung, T. M. Nguyen, K. Hong, J. Park, and J. Park,“Software defined service migration through legacy serviceintegration into 4G networks and future evolutions,” IEEECommunications Magazine, vol. 53, no. 9, pp. 108–114, 2015.
[7] M. Casoni, C. A. Grazia, and M. Klapez, “A software-defined5G cellular network with links virtually pooled for public safetyoperators,” Transactions on Emerging TelecommunicationsTechnologies, vol. 28, no. 3, p. e3092, 2017.
2 Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
International Journal of
AerospaceEngineeringHindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
RoboticsJournal of
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Active and Passive Electronic Components
VLSI Design
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Shock and Vibration
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Civil EngineeringAdvances in
Acoustics and VibrationAdvances in
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Journal of
Advances inOptoElectronics
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com
Volume 2018
Hindawi Publishing Corporation http://www.hindawi.com Volume 2013Hindawiwww.hindawi.com
The Scientific World Journal
Volume 2018
Control Scienceand Engineering
Journal of
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com
Journal ofEngineeringVolume 2018
SensorsJournal of
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
International Journal of
RotatingMachinery
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Modelling &Simulationin EngineeringHindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and
Propagation
International Journal of
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Hindawiwww.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Navigation and Observation
International Journal of
Hindawi
www.hindawi.com Volume 2018
Advances in
Multimedia
Submit your manuscripts atwww.hindawi.com
