Els rusislideshow
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Cortisol concentration in the Cortisol concentration in the saliva of horses subjected to saliva of horses subjected to different kinds of exercisedifferent kinds of exercise
KK. . StrzelecStrzelec,, M. M. Kankofer SKankofer S. . Pietrzak’sPietrzak’s
Els Rusi Els Rusi 20112011
Key wordsKey words
EffortEffort
Equestrian disciplinesEquestrian disciplines
StressStress
Sport horsesSport horses
CortisolCortisol
NNatural glucocorticoid hormone atural glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex produced by the adrenal cortex
OnOne of the main substances that e of the main substances that indicate stress levelindicate stress level
The most effective wayThe most effective way
of determining cortisolof determining cortisol
concentration in animalsconcentration in animals
is using their salivais using their saliva
AimAim
Characterize the stress level in Characterize the stress level in sport horses subjected to exercise sport horses subjected to exercise by measuring the cortisol by measuring the cortisol concentration in their saliva concentration in their saliva
MethodsMethods
This study was This study was based on 5 groups based on 5 groups of horses doing of horses doing different types of different types of exerciseexercise
• Control groupControl group• Light exercise Light exercise
groupgroup• Three sport groupsThree sport groups
In the research thereIn the research there
were horses ofwere horses of
differentdifferent:: breedbreed age age (from 4 to 20 years)(from 4 to 20 years)
training program training program
3 sport groups3 sport groups
1. Show jumping1. Show jumping 2. Dressage2. Dressage
3. Three-day eventing3. Three-day eventing
Saliva samplesSaliva samples
Collected 3 × a day: Collected 3 × a day:
Late at night (between 20:00 and Late at night (between 20:00 and 23:00 h)23:00 h)
Early in the morning (between 5:00 Early in the morning (between 5:00 and 8:00 h) and 8:00 h)
Directly after the exercise. Directly after the exercise.
GroupGroupNumber of Number of
horseshorses
Late Late eveninevenin
gg
Early Early
morningmorning
After After exercisexercis
ee
MeanMean SDSD MeanMean SDSD MeanMean SDSD
ControlControl 1010 0,45a0,45a 0,570,57 0,49a0,49a 0.740.74 0,28a0,28a 00
RecreationalRecreational 99 0,55a0,55a 0,580,58 0,29a0,29a 0.050.05 0,74a0,74a 1,391,39
S – 1 (jumping)S – 1 (jumping) 1010 3,45b3,45b 4,924,92 2,43b2,43b 2,892,89 3,98b3,98b 5,945,94
S – 2 (3day S – 2 (3day event)event) 1010 0,77aA0,77aA 1,581,58 0,81abA0,81abA 1,711,71 8,39cB8,39cB 4,364,36
S – 3 (dressage)S – 3 (dressage) 1010 0,43a0,43a 0,410,41 1,41ab1,41ab 1,891,89 0,71a0,71a 0,290,29
Statistical characteristic of salivary Statistical characteristic of salivary cortisol concentration (nmol/dm3) in cortisol concentration (nmol/dm3) in
examined groups of horsesexamined groups of horses
a, b, c … Significant differences at a, b, c … Significant differences at p p < 0.01 (in columns)< 0.01 (in columns) A, B … Significant differences at A, B … Significant differences at p p < 0.01 (at lines)< 0.01 (at lines)
ConclusionsConclusions
The highest cortisol concentration was observed The highest cortisol concentration was observed for the horses participating in 3-day events (8.93 for the horses participating in 3-day events (8.93 nmol/dm3), whereas in the control group it was nmol/dm3), whereas in the control group it was only 0.28 nmol/dm3 only 0.28 nmol/dm3
The stress level as measured by the cortisol The stress level as measured by the cortisol concentration in saliva increases with increasing concentration in saliva increases with increasing exercise intensity and its durationexercise intensity and its duration
The obtained results do not confirm the existence of The obtained results do not confirm the existence of a day rhythm of the cortisol concentration in a day rhythm of the cortisol concentration in horseshorses
ReferencesReferences
Acta Veterinaria Brno. 2010 Acta Veterinaria Brno. 2010 “Cortisol concentration in the “Cortisol concentration in the saliva of horses subjected to saliva of horses subjected to different kinds of exercise” different kinds of exercise” Available at Available at http://actavet.vfu.cz/pdf/2011800http://actavet.vfu.cz/pdf/201180010101.pdf10101.pdf
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