A2 Physical Education

Managing Elite Performance

The Former East Germany, Australia and USA

The Former East Germany

Post World War II1949 – 1990Two Separate StatesThe German Democratic RepublicA large political push for sporting

excellenceA state with a population similar to London

finished second overall in the medal standings at the 1976 Olympics

A talent identification programme was put in place

Rigorous testing of primary childrenCoaches, sport specialists and medical

staff monitored attainmentPotential talent attended child and youth

sport schoolsMainly Olympic disciplinesShop Window!

The East German Sports Model

National Sports Institute

State-run sports club

Annual Spartakiad

Sports boarding school

Primary School Talent ID

East German National Squad

State Plan 1425 Strive for Olympic

success Systematic doping of

young athletes Each athlete had their

own doctor Forced to take

performance enhancing steroids

The Jenapharm Case Athletes launched legal

action against the pharmaceutical giants

Athletes claimed they knowingly gave drugs

Jenapharm blaimed the communist system

TASK:

You are lawyers working the case. Research the case Decide which party you will represent Produce a written argument to win the

case. You will then argue your case in class

Each of the sports schools were linked to state run sports clubs

This allowed athletes to train full time without risking their amateur status for Olympic competition.

Associated with particular trades Locomotive (Railway)/Dynamo (Police)/Spartak

(Electricians)/CSKA (Army)

National Institutes of sportState of the art facilities

Treadmills Swimming flumes Hypoxic Chambers

Final preparation for the OlympicsGerman College of Physical Culture in

LeipzigHome to most of the ‘supportive medicine’

Modern Day Germany

Germany still have a talent ID scheme sport institute model many Olympic training centres No doping scandal!

Australia

Australian Institute of sportBorn out of failure at the 1976 Olympics in

Montreal One silver Four bronze

A world best practice model for elite athlete development

UK setting up similar programmes

Public displeasure led to large government funding

Public money was spent on creating an elite sports system to ensure future succes

AIS 1981

Initial intake of 150 athletes across 8 sports

AIS now offers scholarships to 600 athletes each year in 35 separate programmes covering 25 different sports

It employs 75 full-time coachedMain focus on the Olympics

High performance coaching State of the art technology World-class sports medicine and sports science

facility Accommodation Sport Search Need for focussed, successful talent ID Pop: 20.7million compared to 60.5million in UK

http://www.ausport.gov.au/ais

Task:

Using rowing as an example, explain how the AIS used sports search to identify potential talent in the build up to the 2000 Sydney Olympics.

Athlete Career and Education (ACE) Programme

Australian scholarship holdersEnhance personal development and

performance through career and education services

Advisors help athletes plan for life after sport

AIS also provides administrative, sports science and coaching services

Funding for state and territory institutes, academies and national sporting organisations.

Some AIS developments

The Ice Jackethttp://www.sportsci.org/news/news9811/AISjackets.html

The Super Roo Bike & wind tunnel testinghttp://www.powerhousemuseum.com/hsc/bike/article.htm

The Altitude Househttp://www.abc.net.au/news/olympics/features/altitude.htm

Since 1998 AIS has branched out from central model of Canberra to state run facilities

Falls in line with federal/state political administration of Australia

Reflection of their dedication to improvement and development

Commonly athletes preferred to stay in their locality

Non residential

United States of America

Task: 20 minsDescribe how the USA structure their

sport and talent I.D. and how their scholarship programmes are structured. Give evidence of the following:Nurturing TalentHigh School SportCollege and University Sport

USA

Sporting talent is nurtured through high school and college system

Not club based Mirror of professional sport structure Top class facilities for performers and

spectators Colleges receive huge support from local

areas both financial and as spectators

Scholarships

Provides talented amateur sportsmen and women with an exclusive opportunity to pursue both an academic and athletic career simultaneously.

Can cover many, sometimes all, of the costs associated with earning a university degree.

In return, the student-athlete will represent the university in their respective sport and maintain a good level of academic performance.

There are currently over 500,000 student-athletes competing for approximately 2000 collegiate sports programs.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvuW_sWtETA

The Annual Draft

Professional Sports Contract

Draft

4 Years Higher Ed Squad

Sports Scholarship

High School Squad

Brought in in 1936 the draft is a mechanism for equalising the league and avoiding imbalance of power

Professional clubs cream off the best college players

Closely followed by media and public

Every college game is recorded and analysed by a national office

Players are then ranked The top ranked go through to the draft Draft works in reverse order – weakest

performing teams get first pick of the best college athletes

Trading and competition between teams Start in feeder teams of professional clubs Only 5 % make it to first team

www.ncaa.orgwww.nfl.com/draft

Stretch and Challenge

Copy out the text and answer the questionPg 159

The UK

What structures are in place and what developments have there been in the UK to enhance elite sport?

Have you made reference to these?

UK Sport – sports councilsWorld Class Performance PathwayUKSINational Network CentresNGB’sElite Coach Education Programme ACE UKAthlete Funding

www.uksport.gov.uk/pages/athlete_zone

How does the funding of elite athletes differ around the world?