Elimination Elimination is the process of removing waste from the body. Hubbs Pre-CNA Elimination...
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Transcript of Elimination Elimination is the process of removing waste from the body. Hubbs Pre-CNA Elimination...
![Page 1: Elimination Elimination is the process of removing waste from the body. Hubbs Pre-CNA Elimination Unit SP2-AP2.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649dde5503460f94ad6817/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Elimination
Elimination is the process of removing waste from the body.
Hubbs Pre-CNA Elimination UnitSP2-AP2
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Two Elimination Systems The Urinary System removes liquid
waste (urine) from the body and maintains fluid balance.
The Gastrointestinal (Digestive) System removes solid waste (feces) from the body.
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The Urinary System
1. ______________2. ______________3. ______________4. _______________
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The Digestive System
1.___________
9.______________
3._____________4.______________
5.______________
6._____________________________
7.___________________________
8.______________
2.______________
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Urinary System Topics covered:
Normal urine characteristics Factors affecting urinary elimination Urinary system changes with aging Urinary problems Urinary tract infections
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Normal Urine Color Pale yellow
Straw- colored Amber color
Clarity Clear
Particles No
Odor Faint
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Factors Affecting Urinary Elimination
A healthy person produces about 1500 cc’s of urine per day
Age Disease Foods eaten Salt intake Body
Temperature Perspiration Medication
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Urinary System Changes With Aging
Kidney function decreases
Waste removal is less efficient
Bladder muscles weaken
Bladder size decreases – holding less urine
Prostate gland in men enlarges
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Common Urinary Problems Urinary Incontinence:
inability to control the bladder.
Urinary frequency: voiding at frequent intervals
Urinary urgency: the need to void immediately
Urinary retention – the bladder does not empty completely
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Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
SYMPTOMS Urinary frequency
Urgency Pain or burning on
urination Blood or pus in the
urine Foul-smelling urine fever
What the CNA can do to help
Encourage fluids Provide good peri-
care Accurate
observation of urine
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Women are more susceptible to UTIs than men because the female
urethra is shorter than the male’s..
bladder
urethra
bladder
urethra
Female Male
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Digestive (GI) System Topics covered:
Factors affecting bowel elimination Normal bowel movement
observations Common GI disorders
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Factors Affecting Bowel Elimination
Privacy Habits Diet Fluid intake Activity Medications Disability Age
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Bowel Movements Observations
Observe: Normalcolor brownconsistency soft/formed/moistodor yesshape like the rectumsize variesfrequency varies-some people have BMs
daily, others every 2-3 days
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Common GI Disorders Fecal incontinence –
inability to control the passage of feces through the anus.
Diarrhea – frequent passage of liquid stools.
Emesis-Vomiting is a sign of illness
Constipation – the passage of a hard, dry stool.
Fecal impaction - a build up of feces in the rectum.
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Enemas Enemas (the
placing of fluid into the rectum to soften and remove stool) can be used to relieve constipation and fecal impaction.
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Elimination Equipment
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Male Urinal Bedridden men
(not women) use to urinate.
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Incontinence Products Incontinence
products help keep the person’s skin dry.
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Standard Bedpan Bedridden women
use for urinating and defecating.
Bedridden men use for defecating.
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Fracture Bedpan Fracture pans are
used for persons with:
Casts Limited back motion
or spinal cord injury Surgery Hip fracture or
replacement surgery Painful joints
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Commode A commode is a
chair or wheelchair with an opening for bedpan or container.
It allows for normal sitting positioning for elimination.
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Urinary Catheters Also called a FOLEY A tube inserted into
the bladder to drain urine.
Can promote comfort and prevent skin breakdown for person with urinary incontinence.