EFFECT OF POLLUTANTS ON THE MONUMENTS

Elgeel Elmuslim Primary Girls

Pollution effects are not confined to the environment. The potential for damage to historical monuments has already been realized. Some damage, such as from wind or rain, is unavoidable. However, pollution contributes additional risk factors that can increase the level of destruction. The effects may be minor, such as a blackening of the surface of monuments due to dust. Other impacts can have permanent consequences.

smog

wind

Acid rain

Green house

Human damag

e

Earth quick

Moisture

Biological

damage

Loads and

pressures

 One of the more destructive forms of pollution is acid rain. Acid rain occurs when fossil fuel emissions containing sulfur dioxide combine with moisture in the air to form acidic precipitation. When acid rain falls on historical monuments of limestone or marble, a chemical reaction takes place which has a corrosive effect on these structures. The reaction dissolves the material, leading to permanent damage.      Global Warming

acid rain

  According to the National Climatic Data Center, global temperatures have risen during the past century at a rate of 0.11 degrees Fahrenheit per decade. The concern with historical monuments lies in the temperature impacts on the chemistry. Heat acts as a catalyst, speeding the rate of chemical reactions. The fate of historical monuments becomes more uncertain, and the urgency to take action increases. Global warming occurs when greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide trap radiant heat at the earth's surface, which causes temperatures to rise.

Greenhouse

EFFECT OF WIND

MOISTURE

SMOG EARTH QUICK

HUMAN DAMAGE

conduct a survey or archaeological heritage of the area to be protected to know the importance of archaeological and heritage buildings of historical, artistic and archaeological work her initial plans, documented and photographed.

prepare lists of archaeological or heritage buildings to be protected in preparation for the issuance of the decisions of the authority are the authority to issue decisions and thus archaeological or heritage buildings have become under the umbrella of legal protection covered by any legal protection can be applied to the sanctions provided for by laws.

The government's efforts to restor monuments

surveillance intensive: It may not be studies and legislation which we have mentioned enough to protect historic buildings, how to build an archaeological recorder was destroyed by his companions to evaluate the construction of a newly place for the sake of financial gain for them or set up a modern facility or held modifications or repairs harm to the authenticity and value of historical, architectural and artistic , the building was used archaeological misused harm him, and sometimes destroys the archaeological and construction stones are taken for use in the establishment of a government building, private or steal elements of architectural and decorative art of trafficking and smuggling them abroad and it is here needs to be deterred.

Awareness: The main definition of the citizen on the importance of cultural and economic effects of him and others and seize the opportunities to stir up interest in the cultural heritage and a notice of responsibility.

engage citizens to take responsibility for the protection of the cultural heritage of the archaeological and heritage to raise their awareness of responsibility and it and participation in committees and governmental and private institutions sponsoring Therefore it is necessary to make government institutions or eligibility to help educate citizens and occupants of buildings and archaeological heritage and communication actors in this area and local government authorities local or central government authorities such as ministries and various House of Representatives and explain the dimensions of the issue of heritage and its usefulness to the people and identity and therefore claim to allocate the necessary funds for the maintenance of those buildings and the rationalization of uses and legislation governing it.

Maintenance of buildings and archaeological heritage and decoration:

The students noteworthy importance and it effects the history of peoples

Students not to destroy the monuments when you go forth

That studying the effects found in their country

To have a role in assisting the State in monuments protection

The role of students to protect monuments