Elements. Standards Covered GLE 0807.9.2 Explain that matter has properties that are determined by...

Elements

Standards Covered

• GLE 0807.9.2 Explain that matter has properties that are determined by the structure and arrangement of its atoms.

• SPI 0807.9.3 Classify common substances as elements or compounds based on their symbols or formulas.

• GLE 0807.9.4 Distinguish among elements, compounds, and mixtures.

Standards Covered

• Check-0807.9.5 Distinguish between elements and compounds by their symbols and formulas.

• GLE 0807.9.6 Use the periodic table to determine the characteristics of an element.

• SPI 0807.9.9 Use the periodic table to determine the properties of an element.

What Are Elements?

• An element is the type of atom you have.

• An atom is the smallest amount of an element you can have.

• There is only one type of atom per element. Pure gold is made of

only gold atoms. Pure iron is made of

only iron atoms.

•

Let me rephrase that…

• All atoms have the same 3 types of parts, but what element it is depends on how many electrons, protons, and neutrons it has.

• I have even heard students say.. “ All atoms are Elements… and Elements are just the specific names of Atoms…” They are not wrong…

To repeat…

• Element is just another way of saying the type of atom you have.

• It’s being specific… every element is in the form of an atom but only one element has correct number of electrons, protons, and neutrons to be a “ Carbon Atom.”

Let’s approach it from another angle…• Think of it this way…

You can call every male a boy and not be wrong…

However, they all have different characteristics (some tall, some skinny, some big, some hairy…)

So why not be more specific?

• Calling something an atom is broad.

• Calling it the element name is specific.

Let’s go back to the chart…

http://education.jlab.org/atomtour/fact3.html

More about Elements..

• Elements (since elements are basically specific atoms) are the building blocks of all matter.

• The periodic table is a list of all of the elements that can build matter. It’s a little like the alphabet of elements/ atoms .

• The periodic table tells us several things…

More Information about Elements

• Elements are the building blocks of all matter.

• The periodic table is a list of all of the elements that can build matter. It’s a little like the alphabet of chemistry.

• The periodic table tells us several things…

Periodic Table

8

OOxygen

16

Atomic Number:

Number of protons and it is also the number of electrons in an atom of an element.

Element’s Symbol:An abbreviation for the element.

Elements Name

Atomic Mass/Weight:

Number of protons + neutrons.

Periodic Table Info…

• Balanced atoms have the same number of protons and electrons, all the elements on the periodic table are balanced.

• The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

http://education.jlab.org/atomtour/fact3.html

• Atoms always have the same number of protons and electrons, this is called the atomic number.


Silver willAlways have47 Protons

in its nucleus




in its nucleus




in its nucleus

All atoms must be electrically balanced.




in its nucleus

All atoms must be electrically balanced. The same number of negative electrons and positive protons,




in its nucleus

All atoms must be electrically balanced. The same number of negative electrons and positive protons, if they were not equal then the Atom would have a charge,




in its nucleus

All atoms must be electrically balanced. The same number of negative electrons and positive protons, if they were not equal then the Atom would have a charge, it would then not be stable and instantly need to react.




in its nucleus

All atoms must be electrically balanced. The same number of negative electrons and positive protons, if they were not equal then the Atom would have a charge, it would then not be stable and instantly need to react. We will learn about ions later. (Part Four)

• What atom is this How can you tell?


• Answer! (2 Protons) Atomic #2


• Answer! (2 Protons) Atomic #2 (Helium)




Atomic Mass



Atomic Mass

Almost no mass

Atomic Number

Atomic Symbol

Name

Atomic Mass


Atomic Symbol

Name

Atomic Mass

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Atomic Symbol

Name

Atomic Mass


Atomic Number

Atomic Symbol

Name

Atomic Mass


Atomic Symbol

Name

Atomic Mass


Note: Only the first letter is capitalized.

Atomic Symbol

Name

Atomic Mass


Note: Only the first letter is capitalized.

Also note that the atomic symbol for Silver is Ag. Si is the atomic Symbol for Silicon.

• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and Helium (He).




1 0 1



2 2 2

• Isotope: Atom with the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons.


• What is the atomic symbol?

• What is the atomic number?– How many Protons?– How many Electrons?

• What is the atomic Mass?– How many Neutrons?

• What is the atomic symbol? Li





• What is the atomic number? 3– How many Protons?– How many Electrons?



• What is the atomic number? 3– How many Protons? 3– How many Electrons?



• What is the atomic number? 3– How many Protons? 3– How many Electrons? 3




• What is the atomic Mass? 6.94 amu– How many Neutrons?


• What is the atomic number? 3– How many Protons? 3– How many Electrons?

3

• What is the atomic Mass? 6.94 amu– How many Neutrons? 3.94

• What is the atomic symbol? Fe



• Meet the Elements Activity Sheet.– Periodic table needed– Complete the page on the back using your

periodic table for the upcoming fun quiz.

Hydrogen Helium Neonn

Krypton, Argon, Xenon, Helium Copper

Answers

Answers

Boron

5

N7

Br79.90 amu

SSulfur 32.065

CsCesium 132.91

BeBeryllium 9.01

Lead 207.20

Cl35.45 amu

Au

196.97 amu

OOxygen Ir

Iridium 192.22

Neon 20.18

10879

82 17

35

No102

Nobelium Zinc

65.41

30

HHydrogen

1.01

1CaCalcium

20

10.81 amuNitrogen

• What is the atomic symbol? Zn


• What is the atomic Mass? 65.37 amu– How many Neutrons? 35



• What is the atomic number? – How many Protons? – How many Electrons?

• What is the atomic Mass? – How many Neutrons?


• What is the atomic symbol? B


• What is the atomic Mass? 10.81 amu– How many Neutrons?

5.81


Answers

Answers

Or choose the fun quizon the next slide.

Hydrogen Helium Neonn

Krypton, Argon, Xenon, Helium Copper

Yttrium Tinn Krypton

Francium

Zinc, Neon, Gold, Lead Europiu

mAmericium

Mercury, Plutonium, Uranium, Neptunium,

Einsteinium

Californium Nobelium

Calcium

Arsenic Mercury Tungsten

Potassium

Elements. Standards Covered GLE 0807.9.2 Explain that matter has properties that are determined by...

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