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Transcript of Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in...
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
1/13
Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
Wk`f ; ob ;9
Iowz~j`cu1 >775( >7;>( Wkzmkd Klchk`cj$ Khh ~j`cuy ~fyf~rfe$
ppp$Iomwoyf~WK$iom
Douf1 Ucf wkwf~ jy nfjd` wvnhjycfe ky ju pky ku ucf ujmf ob
yvnmjyyjod( kyjef b~om `fdf~kh bo~mkuujd` moejbjikujody$Kwwfdejify ; " >( j$f$ k yicfmkuji ~fw~fyfdukujod ob ucf
yzmwcodz kde k `~kwcjikhhz w~fwk~fe iomwhfuf kdkhzyjy ob ucfbj~yu morfmfdu( k~f dou jdihvefe jd ucjy fejujod< ucfz mj`cu nf
kuukicfe uo bvuv~f vwekufy
Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf
Jd
Hvuoyhkpyljy zmwcodz Do$ 5
Pjuc kd Fmwckyjy od ucf Bj~yu Morfmfdu
Nz1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj
Mvyji >22N
W~ob$ Jkd L~ovyf
VIHK
Yw~jd` >775
#Avdf >6uc
( >775*
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
2/13
Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
Wk`f > ob ;9
Iowz~j`cu1 >775( >7;>( Wkzmkd Klchk`cj$ Khh ~j`cuy ~fyf~rfe$
ppp$Iomwoyf~WK$iom
Jdu~oeviujod
Pjuohe Hvuoyhkpyljy #;:;9-;::5* Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 ob ;::> nfhod`y uo ucf
iomwoyf~y bov~uc iomwoyjujodkh wf~joe;( kde ju mkdjbfyuy k cj`chz yowcjyujikufe bvyjod ob
mkdz yuzhjyuji fhfmfduy pjucjd k iocfyjrf yzmwcodji po~he$ Hvuoyhkpyljy hkd`vk`f jd
ucjy yzmwcodz jy wf~yodkh( o~j jdkh( yzyufmkuji kde zfu hz~jikh$ Uc~ov`covu ucf
yzmwcodz( ku frf~z uv~d( odf ikd doujif ucf uoukh `orf~dkdif ob kd jdufhhj fdu kde
ejyijwhjdfe mjde( kd jdi~fejnhz kivuf fk~ bo~ yodo~jujfy kde k yfdyjujrjuz uopk~e mvyjikh
ioddoukujody kde iomw~fcfdyjnjhjuz$ Ucf yzmwcodz yovdey f{vkhhz yowcjyujikufe uo k
u~kjdfe fk~ ky mvic ky nfjd` kiifyyjnhf od juy wv~fhz yodji nfkvuz uo k hfyy jdjujkufe
hjyufdf~$ Ucf w~fyfdu yuvez jy kd kdkhzyjy pjuc ucf `okh ob efyi~jnjd` ucf mkjd fhfmfduy ob
iocf~fdif kde yuzhf jd ucjy po~l$
Orf~rjfp ob ucf Yzmwcodz
K~icjufiuv~kh Efyj`d kde ucf Uodkh Wjhhk~y
Uc~ov`covu( ucf hfrfh ob kuufdujod uo efukjhy jy yuk``f~jd $ Nvu frfd mo~f
~fmk~lknhf jy ucf orf~khh iocf~fdif kde ucf yfkmhfyy bhop ob ucf yzmwcodz orf~ ucf
; Yff kuukicfe( Kwwfdejs >( pcjic iodukjdy k bo~fpo~e uo ucf yio~f nz Yufrfd Yuvilz( bo~ k yvmmk~z obucfyf bov~ wf~joey kde ucf iodrfdujodkh rjfp ob ucf yzmwcodzy orf~khh k~icjufiuv~f$ Icfyuf~ Mvyji( ;::6$
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
3/13
Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
Wk`f 9 ob ;9
Iowz~j`cu1 >775( >7;>( Wkzmkd Klchk`cj$ Khh ~j`cuy ~fyf~rfe$
ppp$Iomwoyf~WK$iom
iov~yf ob >; mjdvufy>( kmje ucf iomwhfsjuz ob juy ck~modji kde mfhoeji efukjhy$ Ucf
momfduvm ob ucjy po~l jy wk~uhz k ~fyvhu ob ucf w~osjmjuz( o~ ucf orf~hkwwjd` ob yfiujody
pjuc cj chz iodu~kyufe ufsuv~fy( ufmwj kde ick~kiuf~y$ Ucf moyuhz ho`jikh kde
e~kmkujikhhz rjknhf yf{vfdijd` ob ucfyf iodu~kyujd` yfiujody jy khyo kd jmwo~ukdu fhfmfdu
ob ucf vdjuz ob ucf po~l jd juy uoukhjuz$
Ucf moyu iommod pkz ob hooljd` ku ucf orf~khh k~icjufiuv~f ob ucf Bov~uc
Yzmwcodz jy uo rjfp ju ky nfjd` jd upo morfmfduy( ucf bj~yu ob pcjic kiuy ky kd vwnfku uo
ucf yfiode$ K~`vknhz( ucf yfiode morfmfdu yuk~uy ku Bj`$ >>( kbuf~ ucf bj~yu morfmfdu cky
~fkicfe ucf ykuv~kufe ufsuv~f ob k ;>-uodkh ihvyuf~$ #Yff nfhop( bo~ k ejyivyyjod ob ucjy
ihjmks$* Ucvy( kiio~ejd` uo ucjy kdkhzyjy( ucf bj~yu morfmfdu iodyjyuy ob 9 yfiujody #K;(
K> kde N>( ob ucf Kwwfdejs ; ejk`~km( Yicfmkuji ^fw~fyfdukujod*( fkic mkef ob k
wkj~ ob mfkyv~fe ry$ khfkuo~ji yfiujody #\k;( n;]( \k>( n>]( kde \k9/n9( n~$( k`kjdyu s;] ob
ucf ejk`~km$* Ucf ucfmkuji mkuf~jkh bv~ucf~ fmwckyjqf ucf iodu~kyu nfupffd ucfyf
yfiujody1 ucf ky k~f uzwjikhhz mfhoeji kde hz~jikh( pcjhf ucf ny k~f mo~f ic~omkuji kde
kiujrf$ Ucf k yfiujody k~f khyo ck~modjikhhz mo~f yuknhf1 ucf yzmwcodz owfdy
vdf{vjroikhhz jd Fm( od k hod`-yvyukjdfe wfekh wojdu od F #ucf k; yfiujod*( hkuf~ bohhopfe
nz wfekh wojduy od B) #ucf k> yfiujod( kde ucf bj~yu wk~u ob k9/n9*$ Ucf k9/n9 yfiujod kiuy
ky k efrfhowmfdu kde fswkdyjod ob ucf ucfmfy w~fyfdufe yo bk~( bohhopfe nz k n~je`f kde
kdoucf~ khfkuo~ji yfiujod #s;*$ Ky ucjy yfiujod w~o ~fyyfy( ucf wfekh wojdu `~kevkhhz
mj`~kufy uc~ov`c @ #kde K* kde yfuuhfy od ucf Nn( ucjy kiujd` ky ucf bovdekujod ob ucf ;>-
uodkh ihvyuf~/kiujrkufe rf~ujikhjuz$ Douf ucku ucf mf~f ~fio`djujod ob ucf ;>-uodf kywfiu ob
ucjy yfiujod #o~ kdz oucf~ yfiujod o~ ico~e jd ucf yzmwcodz* eofy dou ykz mvic knovu ucf
> Hvuoyhkpylj( Pjuohe1 Yzmwcodjfy Do$ 5( fu kh( Yovde ^fio~ejd`< HK Wcjh$( Fyyk-wfllk Ykhodfd( iode$775
Wk`f 2 ob ;9
Iowz~j`cu1 >775( >7;>( Wkzmkd Klchk`cj$ Khh ~j`cuy ~fyf~rfe$
ppp$Iomwoyf~WK$iom
yfiode morfmfdu$ Jd uv~d( pf ikd ucjdl ob ucf bj~yu yicf~qo ky ucf Fswoyjujod ob ucf
yfiode morfmfdu< ucf yfiode yicf~qo ky ucf efrfhowmfdu ob ucf yfiode morfmfdu( kde
ucf Ioek iomwhfs ky k yco~u ^fikw$ #i9* kde ucf upo ioeky$ Yujhh( od ucf hk~`fyu yikhf( kde
`jrfd ucf mkuf~jkh ku Bj`$ 5> kde 50 k~f ej~fiu ~fmjdjyifduy ob ucf mkuf~jkh b~om mru$ ;( ju
jy whkvyjnhf uo ucjdl ob ucf fduj~f yzmwcodz ky k `j`kduji yodkuk( pjuc ucf fduj~f bj~yu
morfmfdu ky ucf Fswoyjujod< b~om Bj`$ >> uo 5> #o~ 50* ky ucf efrfhowmfdu \~ov`chz ucf
bj~yu yicf~qo]< fdu~kdif ku 5>( nvu fywfijkhhz 50 iodyjef~fe k wyfveo-~fikwjuvhkujod< kde
ku 3> uo ucf fde( ucf Ioek Iomwhfs$
Mji~o-hfrfh Yu~viuv~kh Bfkuv~fy
Ucf vdjuz ob ucf po~l jy khyo jd wk~u evf uo k uodkh o~`kdjqkujod ucku iomnjdfy
fhfmfduy ob yf~jkh iomwoyjujodkh uficdj{vfy kde k wf~yodkh n~kde ob ;>-uodf iomwoyjujod
od ucf odf ckde( pjuc if~ukjd kywfiuy ob u~kejujodkh ck~modz kde iomwoyjujodkh
uficdj{vfy( od ucf oucf~$ Ky k ~fyvhu( odf obufd bjdey ju woyyjnhf uo efyi~jnf k if~ukjd frfdu
o~ mkuf~jkh nouc jd uf~my ob ucf moef~d uf~mjdoho`z ob kuodkh o~ yf~jkh kdkhzyfy( yvic ky k
b~ff kwwhjikujod ob ucf Yfu Ucfo~z( ky pfhh ky ucf u~kejujodkh ak~`od ob uodkh ck~modz$
Mo~forf~( pcjhf mvic ob ucf ucfmkuji mkuf~jkh k~f ~fhkufe uo fkic oucf~ od kd
knyu~kiu( dvmnf~-nkyfe hfrfh( ucf w~frkhfdu vyf ob `fyuv~kh moujrfy( fjucf~ ~czucmji o~
ioduov~-~fhkufe( khhopy bo~ jduf~w~fujd` yvic fhfmfduy ky izihjikh ucfmfy o~ moujrfy$ Kde
ucjy jy pcjhf effwhz ~ooufe ~fhkujody nfupffd kiuvkh wjuic mkuf~jkh od kd kuomji hfrfh cky
mkef ju woyyjnhf bo~ hz~jikh mfhoejfy( frfd ob k bohlho~ji ick~kiuf~( uo nf iomnjdfe o~
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
7/13
Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
Wk`f 0 ob ;9
Iowz~j`cu1 >775( >7;>( Wkzmkd Klchk`cj$ Khh ~j`cuy ~fyf~rfe$
ppp$Iomwoyf~WK$iom
avsukwoyfe pjuc mkuf~jkh ob iomwk~knhz mo~f yzducfuji dkuv~f( o~ frfd u~kdybo~m odf jduo
ucf oucf~$ Ucjy jy frjefdu b~om ucf rf~z ovuyfu( ku Bj`$ ;( pcfd ucf hz~jikh mfhoez ob ucf
yoho ihk~jdfu nhfdey pjuc ucf yvyukjdfe ck~modz ob ucf yu~jd`y( kde zfu hkuf~( efrfhowy jduo
ucf mkuf~jkh ob ucf bj~yu khfkuo~ji yfiujod #o~ jefk* ku Bj`$ 9$
Jduf~fyujd`hz fdov`c( hjyufdjd` uo ucf rf~z owfdjd` ob ucf yzmwcodz( od k hod`-
yvyukjdfe wfekh wojdu ku F( kde efijefehz jd Fm( wf~ckwy bfp povhe jmmfejkufhz doujif
ucf bkiu ucku vdbohejd` ob ucf wjuicfy( ky k~ujivhkufe nz ucf ck~w( jy yffmjd`hz nkyfe od k
efijyjod uo vyf khh ;> wjuicfy jd ucf rf~z owfdjd`( khucov`c dou pjuc yomf hjnf~uz$ Ucf ;>-
uodf kywfiu jy ihfk~hz vdef~ ucf iodu~oh ob kd fsufdefe uodkh yzduks ky ucf yviifyyjrf
wjuicfy k~f jdu~oevife nz ck~w; kde yckeopfe nz ucf yu~jd`y$ Ucf bj~yu bov~ nk~y bfkuv~f
kd jduf~fyujd` w~jdijwhf1 ucf bj~yu 5 wjuicfy fduf~ bohhopjd` kd fswkdyjod w~jdijwhf1 m9( W5(
K5( pjuc ucf 6uc
khyo ku M2 #jdrf~ufe ky m9( pjuc ucf wjuic E)*$ Ucf orf~khh fbbfiu
nfiomfy k ymoouchz morjd` ck~modji w~o`~fyyjod jd Fm1
#j( RJ#2*( jj orf~ ucf F( )rj#2*( fui$ #ib$ Kwwfdejs >( Yio~f( w$; bo~ k mo~f
iomwhfuf kdkhzyjy*
pcjic w~fwk~fy ucf fdu~kdif ob ucf ihk~jdfu ku ucf N dkuv~kh( ucku jy ucf R ob ucf lfz$
Cfdifbo~uc( ucf yvyukjdfe ck~modz ob yfiujod k; kde juy iovduf~wk~uy jd oucf~ yfiujody(
ejywhkzy iomwhfs ck~modji ~fhkujody ucku iovhe khyo nf yffd ky kd fsufdyjod ob ucf vyf ob
yvywfdyjody( wkyyjd` uodfy( dfj`cno~ uodfy o~ wfekh wojduy( pcjhf ju iovhe khyo nf
fswhkjdfe jd uf~my ob ucf fduf~jd` wjuicfy #k~ujivhkufe nz ck~w*$ Ucf ihk~jdfu ucfd fswho~fy
ucf upo dfj`cno~jd` doufy( I #dkuv~kh* kde K)( kde dfsu ~fuv~dy uo N$ Douf ucku ucfyf
frfduy( pcjhf uodkhhz avyujbjknhf( khyo mk~l k \7;] ifhh( odf ob ucf kuomji mkuf~jkh jd ucf
wjfif$ Yood( copfrf~( ucf hz~jikh mfhoez efwk~uy fdov`c b~om k odf-uo-odf
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
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Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
Wk`f 3 ob ;9
Iowz~j`cu1 >775( >7;>( Wkzmkd Klchk`cj$ Khh ~j`cuy ~fyf~rfe$
ppp$Iomwoyf~WK$iom
io~~fywodefdif pjuc ucf yvyukjdfe ck~modz uo bo~m kd jdefwfdefdu fsjyufdif1 ku Bj`$ >( ju
yffmy uo ifduf~ k~ovde B)m #Ucfmf ;( cfdifbo~uc U;( ky mk~lfe jd ucf yio~f*( pjuc k
yvnyf{vfdu ~fwfujujod ku Bm #m> nfhop*( ucjy ujmf nkhkdijd` ucf morf nz khuf~jd` ucf
fdejd` ucf E dkuv~kh #ky owwoyfe uo ucf fswfiufe N dkuv~kh*$ U; `fyuv~f jy ucfd u~fkufe
ikdodjikhhz nz bh$; kde wjii$ ih$( ku M9( fdejd` od k cj`c M0 #jdr$ ob m>* nfupffd N kde
K)( pcjhf ucf nkyy morfy uopk~e ucf I)$ Ku ucjy wojdu( dou odhz k uodkh njbv~ikujod cky
oiiv~~fe( nvu khyo k bvhhz yu~kujbjfe ufsuv~fe cky nffd fyuknhjycfe$
Cf~f( upo jmwo~ukdu kywfiuy ob U; ycovhe nf doufe$ Bj~yu( ju bfkuv~fy kd oyijhhkujd`
cfke-moujrf( pcjic povhe hkuf~ nfiomf w~frkhfdu uc~ov`covu ucf yzmwcodz( fywfijkhhz
jd ucf bo~m ob 9-douf u~jwhfu bj`v~fy( yvic ky ucoyf bovde ku Bj`y$ ;2#-;*( o~ 05#,;*( uo
dkmf k bfp$ Yfiode( ju khyo vujhjqfy k w~jdijwhf ob njbv~ikujod( cf~f kwwhjfe
kyzmmfu~jikhhz uo ucf vwwf~ dou odhz( j$f$ ucf vwwf~ douf ob ucf iomwovde hjdf morfy
vwpk~e pcjhf ucf hopf~ douf cky yukzfe yukujodk~z #ib$ Bj`$ >*$ Ucjy jy fywfijkhhz fbbfiujrf
ku ucf ihjmkiuji nvjhe vw( Bj`$ ;6( pcf~f jd ucf bj~yu rjohjdy( ucf @) kiuy ky ucf wjrou wojdu
bo~ ucf vdjhkuf~kh ejrf~`fdif ob ucf vwwf~ rojif$ Jd ucjy ikyf( ucf ejrf~`fdif jy
fswodfdujkh( ucku jy ucf jduf~rkh ob fswkdyjod nfiomfy hk~`f~ pjuc fkic ~fuv~d$ \Ucf
njbv~ikujod jy khyo vyfe yzmmfu~jikhhz( pjuc nouc rojify ejrf~`jd` #o~ iodrf~`jd`* knovu
k ifdu~kh ksjy$ Bo~ jdyukdif( ku Bj`$ >5( ucf \@(B)(B] ifhh fswkdey uo \K(B)(Fn]( ucku jy
\7;>] \7;2]$*
Ucf njbv~ikujod w~jdijwhf( jd iomnjdkujod pjuc u~kdywoyjd` yf{vfdify( jy khyo ku
po~l pjucjd ucf khfkuo~ji yfiujody( ky jd Bj`$ ;7( pcf~f fkic wc~kyf yuk~uy jd vdjyod kde
fswkdey jduo k yzmmfu~jikh ico~e$ #ib$ Kww$ >( Bj`$ ;7$* Douf ucku efywjuf efukjhfe rojif
hfkejd` kde iomwhfsjuz ob fkic ifhh( cf~f kde fhyfpcf~f( ucfyf k~f ucf w~omjdfdu wjuicfy
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
9/13
Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
Wk`f : ob ;9
Iowz~j`cu1 >775( >7;>( Wkzmkd Klchk`cj$ Khh ~j`cuy ~fyf~rfe$
ppp$Iomwoyf~WK$iom
ucku mkuuf~ moyu jd k ck~modji kdkhzyjy ob yvic wkyyk`fy$ Ucf w~omjdfdu doufy k~f
uzwjikhhz ucf bj~yu ob fkic `~ovw( kde/o~ ucf cj`cfyu wjuicfy$ Bo~ jdyukdif( yff ucf kdkhzqfe
yio~f ku Bj`$ :( pcf~f yvic w~omjdfdu wjuicfy k~f jefdujbjfe kde khyo `~ovwfe uo kdkhzqf
ucfj~ rf~ujikh o~`kdjqkujod$ Ucf njbv~ikujod jy frfd w~fyfdu jd ucf ioduov~ yckwfy ob ucf
nod`o/uom uom wkyyk`fy( yvic ky Bj`$ >6#,>*$
Ku Bj`$ 9( ucf bj~yu khfkuo~ji yfiujod yuk~uy( pcjic iodyjyuy ob k ic~omkuji ihvyuf~(
ywkddjd` k M0 \7;]( nfupffd N kde K) jd ucf vwwf~ ~f`jyuf~$ K yjmjhk~hz ykuv~kufe ihvyuf~
jy vyfe khyo ku Bj`$ 3( khucov`c u~kdywoyfe uo B #k u~juodf nfhop* Ucf moyu jmwo~ukdu ob
ucfyf ykuv~kujody jd ucf bj~yu morfmfdu oiiv~y ku ucf ihjmks ob ucf morfmfdu( nfupffd
ucf wjuicfy K6 kde @)2 \Bj`$ >7$] pjuc ucf ic~omkuji ihvyuf~ nfjd` `jrfd uo ucf vwwf~
pjdey$ Ucjy ihvyuf~ jy kiujrkufe od uow ob kdoucf~ ~f`jyuf~-ywfijbji yodo~juzucku ob ucf Nn
;>-uodkh ico~e yu~viuv~f`jrfd uo ucf ~fyu ob ucf jdyu~vmfduy$ Ucf ico~e jy yu~viuv~fe jd
uf~ujk~z ejrjyjody( yvic ucku fkic jdyu~vmfdu o~ iodyo~u whkzy k if~ukjd ico~e( f$`$ Nnm0(
Im( Fm0( @M0( fui$* Ky ucjy ioefuuk w~oiffey jd kd khfkuo~ji bkycjod( ucf hjyufdf~ cky
ujmf uo boivy od fkic `~ovw ob yovdey< ky k ~fyvhu( k uodkh fswf~jfdif jy kicjfrfe pjucjd
kd oucf~pjyf iomwhfs yodo~juz$ Ucf ihvyuf~ jd ucf cj`cfyu ~f`jyuf~y bv~ucf~ ykuv~kufy ucf
ufsuv~f ky ju ~fjdbo~ify ucf vwwf~ wk~ujkhy ob ucf hopf~ jdyu~vmfduy( frfd ucov`c jd
~kdeom$ Ucf ihjmks ~fjuf~kufy ucf ykmf ico~e fmwckujikhhz uc~ff ujmfy( w~fwk~jd` ucf
yvneomjdkdu morf uo ucf Bm ob ucf yfiode morfmfdu$ Dfsu( ucf ufdyjod jy ejywf~yfe jd
wk~u nz ucf iodrf~`fdif ob yu~jd`y uo k M0 jd ucf mjeehf ~f`jyuf~( nz W5 hfkwy #Bj`y$ >>-
>9*$
Ucf yfiode yicf~qo yujhh ejywhkzy kdoucf~ kwwhjikujod ob k ;>-uodf yodo~juz$ K ;>-
uod rf~ujikh ico~ekh yu~viuv~f #yomfujmfy efio~kufe( nvu khpkzy ~f`jyuf~-ywfijbji* jy
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
10/13
Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
Wk`f ;7 ob ;9
Iowz~j`cu1 >775( >7;>( Wkzmkd Klchk`cj$ Khh ~j`cuy ~fyf~rfe$
ppp$Iomwoyf~WK$iom
kiujrkufe( ucjy ujmf jd wojdujhhjyuji yuzhf( ky fkic jdyu~vmfdu jy kyyj`dfe ymkhh ifhhy ob
moyuhz > o~ uc~ff doufy( moyuhz vdickd`fe bo~ ucf ev~kujod ob ucf yfiujod( khucov`c pjuc
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kywfiuy ob ucfyf cj`chz moef~d fhfmfduy( bo~ ~fkyody fswhkjdfe jd ucf bohhopjd` yfiujod$
Jduf`~kujod ob Wkyu kde W~fyfdu
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
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Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
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wohjujikh oww~fyyjod9( ju jy khyo u~vf ucku Hvuoyhkpylj kww~okic uo kdz yvic jefky pky rf~z
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
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Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
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7/23/2019 Elements of Style in Lutoslawski's Symphony No.4, by Payman Akhlaghi (2004), Graduate Paper in Composition a
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Fhfmfduy ob Yuzhf jd Hvuoyhkpyljy Yzmwcodz Do$ 5 Kvuco~1 Wkzmkd Klchk`cj@~kevkuf ^fyfk~ic Wkwf~ jd Iomwoyjujod " Mvyjioho`z VIHK( >775
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ppp$Iomwoyf~WK$iom
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ky k Em fmnfhhjycfe pjuc kd K u~jke$ #Yff Kwws$ > bo~ ucf efukjhfe kdkhzyjy$*
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