Bonding in compounds Overview Learn how the elements can form bonds in compounds.
Elements and Bonds
description
Transcript of Elements and Bonds
Elements and BondsWhy the Periodic Families are
so important!!
Classification of ElementsMetals• Most elements are metals (91)• Good conductors of heat and electricity• Ductile (wires) and malleable (shaped or formed)• Examples: Lithium, Calcium, Iron, Silver,
Aluminum• Lose Electrons when combining with other
elements
Iron
Aluminum
Silver
Calcium
Lithium
Continued…• Nonmetals• All non metals are found on the right side except for
Hydrogen.• Solids, liquids, and gases at room temperature• Poor conductors of heat and electricity• Most are not shiny• Examples: Hydrogen, Sulfur, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon• Gain or share electrons when bonding with other elements
HydrogenSulfur
Nitrogen
Carbon
Oxygen
Continued• Metalloids/Semiconductors• Share properties of metals and nonmetals• Can conduct electricity under certain circumstances• Used in many electronics• Examples: Bismuth, Silicon, Germanium• Can lose or gain electrons in moderation with other
elements
Bismuth SiliconGermanium
Inert Gases• Do not lose or gain electrons easily• Already are stable elements• Noble Gases
Element Song • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPq3SEteEJc
Valence Electrons• Electrons found in the outermost shell of an
element• 8 valence electrons are ideal and make an
element stable• Elements lose or gain electrons when bonding• Bonding between elements creates compounds• Example:• Hydrogen H+ Oxygen O= H2O
Ionic BondsMetals and Non Metals
• Elements bond so that they are stable• Positive and negative charges combine in an ionic
bond• Ionic compounds can conduct electricity in water• Example:• Sodium Na+ Chlorine Cl= NaCl• Sodium has a +1 charge and Chlorine has a -7, total of 8• Chlorine takes sodium's electron and together they make NaCl
Covalent BondsNon Metals and Non Metals• Share electrons between each other to reach 8• Can be solids, liquids or gases• Can be polar or non polar• Polar- unequal sharing of electrons• Non polar- electrons shared equally
• Example: Nitrogen N + Hydrogen H= NH3