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Transcript of Elements
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Elements
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Periodic Table
The periodic table organizes the Elements
Understanding the periodic table will help you learn about each of the 118 known elements.
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Key to the Periodic Table
Element square
Identifies each known element
Symbol Name Atomic
Number Mass Number
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Atomic Number
This refers to how many protons an atom of that element has.
No two elements, have the same number of protons.Bohr Model of Hydrogen Atom
Wave Model
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Learning Check
State the number of protons for atoms of each of the following:A. Nitrogen 1) 5 protons 2) 7 protons 3) 14 protons
B. Sulfur 1) 32 protons 2) 16 protons 3) 6 protons
C. Barium1) 137 protons 2) 81 protons 3) 56 protons
LecturePLUS Timberlake 5
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Solution
State the number of protons for atoms of each of the following:A. Nitrogen 2) 7 protons B. Sulfur
2) 16 protons
C. Barium3) 56 protons
LecturePLUS Timberlake 6
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Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass refers to the “weight” of the atom.
Add the number of protons with the number of neutrons.
HThis is a helium atom. Its atomic mass is 4 (protons plus neutrons).
What is its atomic number?
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Number of Neutrons
Mass Number – Atomic Number
Or Protons + Neutrons - Protons Number of Neutrons Because it’s and average Round the number
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Virtual School Atomic and Mass Number
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_S7ov25y3_M&feature=edu&list=PL64B4E713AC151B87&edufilter=s_UX_rN7asYugcCwXdZRJg
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Learning Check
How Many Neutrons in 1. Cr Mass Number = 51.996
2. Fr Mass Number = 223
3. Mg Mass Numb er = 24.305
4. Si Mass Number = 28.086
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Learning Check
How Many Neutrons in 1. Cr Mass Number = 51.996
27.996 2. Fr Mass Number = 223 136 3. Mg Mass Number = 24.305 12.305 4. Si Mass Number = 28.086 14.086
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Number of Electrons
Number of protons = Number of electrons
Atomic number = Number of electrons
LecturePLUS Timberlake 12
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Learning Check
How many electrons are in 1. K 2. Ca 3. Ba 4. O 5. Br
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Learning Check How many electrons are in 1. K 19 2. Ca 20 3. Ba 56 4. O
8 5. Br 35
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Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of
protons, but different numbers of
neutrons.
Isotopes of chlorine
35Cl 37Cl17 17
chlorine - 35 chlorine - 37
LecturePLUS Timberlake 15
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Virtual School Isotopes
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjY5p-1CDr8&feature=edu&list=PL64B4E713AC151B87&edufilter=s_UX_rN7asYugcCwXdZRJg
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Virtual School Example of Isotopes
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9d3NcxFG3RQ&feature=edu&list=PL64B4E713AC151B87&edufilter=s_UX_rN7asYugcCwXdZRJg
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Learning Check
Naturally occurring carbon consists of three isotopes, 12C, 13C, and 14C. State the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in each of these carbon atoms.
12C 13C 14C 6 6 6
#p _______ _______ _______
#n _______ _______ _______
#e _______ _______ _______
LecturePLUS Timberlake 18
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Solution
12C 13C 14C 6 6 6
#p 6 6
6
#n 6 7 8
#e 6 6
6
LecturePLUS Timberlake 19
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Learning Check
An atom of zinc has a mass number of 65.
A. Number of protons in the zinc atom 1) 30 2) 35 3) 65
B. Number of neutrons in the zinc
atom 1) 30 2) 35 3) 65
C. What is the mass number of a zinc isotope
with 37 neutrons? 1) 37 2) 65 3) 67
LecturePLUS Timberlake 20
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Solution
An atom of zinc has a mass number of 65.
A. Number of protons in the zinc atom 1) 30
B. Number of neutrons in the zinc
atom2) 35
C. What is the mass number of a zinc isotope
with 37 neutrons?3) 67
LecturePLUS Timberlake 21
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Learning Check
Write the atomic symbols for atoms with the following:
A. 8 p+, 8 n, 8 e- ___________
B. 17p+, 20n, 17e- ___________
C. 47p+, 60 n, 47 e- ___________
LecturePLUS Timberlake 22
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Solution
16OA. 8 p+, 8 n, 8 e- 8
B. 17p+, 20n, 17e- 37Cl 17
C. 47p+, 60 n, 47 e- 107Ag 47
LecturePLUS Timberlake 23