ELECTROTECHNOLOGY TRAINING PACKAGE UEE11 Docu… · practice that minimises energy and material...

LAP

UEENEEK142A – Apply environmentally and sustainable proce-dures in the energy sector September 2012

Release 1.0

ELECTROTECHNOLOGY TRAINING PACKAGE UEE11

COMPETENCY OVERVIEW

UEE-K142A-COV.R1 Industry Endorsed National Training Package Support Material

©EE-Oz Training Standards

June 2012

of 4

Competency Standard Unit Overview

UEENEEK142A - Apply environmentally and sustainable procedures in the energy sector

CSU Descriptor:

This competency standard unit requires the worker to undertake methods of work

practice that minimises energy and material usage and to seek energy reduction strategies in the energy sector workplace. The unit seeks to minimise negative im-pacts on the environment.

Duration: Approximately 20 hours of learning plus work place experience.

Learning sequence: Before undertaking this competency standard unit you need to have achieved the

competency standard unit/s or equivalent: There are no prerequisite competencies for this unit.

Knowledge and Skills Topics

1. Environmental risk management

2. Greenhouse effect

3. Environmental legislation

4. Sustainable work practices

5. Sustainable energy

Evidence required by Learner to achieve this Competency Standard Unit:

K Knowledge Test: A written or oral 60 minute test based on the above listed topics.

S Skill Test : A 45 minute skills assessment covering the skill aspects of the Knowledge & Skills Content Areas 4 and 5

W

Work Performance: Observation that learner’s work practices are environ-mentally friendly (including using minimum energy and materials for a task) and that the learner recognises areas in the work environment where energy reduction strategies can be applied.

References/Resources Recommended for this CSU:

Useful Reference Text (hard copy):

Phillips, P., Electrical Principles, Cengage Learning, South Melbourne, 2nd Ed, 2012

Hampson, J. and Hanssen, S., Electrical Trade Principles, Pearson Education, 2nd Ed, 2009

UEE-K142A-COV.R1 Industry Endorsed National Training Package Support Material


June 2012

of 4

Useful Internet Websites:

www.environment.gov.au

http://www.environment.gov.au/education/

http://australia.gov.au/topics/environment-and-natural-resources

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainability

http://education.qld.gov.au/curriculum/learning/sustainability.html

http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/

http://www.iso14000-iso14001-environmental-management.com/

www.iso14001.com.au

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect

www.environment.nsw.gov.au

www.ipcc.ch/

www.climatechange.gov.au/climate-change.aspx

www.science.org.au/policy/climatechange.html

http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/change/

www.un.org/wcm/content/site/climatechange/pages/gateway

http://climatecommission.gov.au/about/

www.csiro.au/

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc

www.epa.nt.gov.au


www.derm.qld.gov.au/

www.epa.sa.gov.au/

www.epa.vic.gov.au

www.environment.act.gov.au/

www.epa.wa.gov.au

http://epa.tas.gov.au/epa

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_energy_use

www.sustainableenergy.com.au/

www.energyrating.gov.au/

www.basix.nsw.gov.au

www.abcb.gov.au

www.ret.gov.au

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Electricity_Market

http://www.environment.gov.au/







http://www.iso14001.com.au/


http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/

http://www.ipcc.ch/

http://www.climatechange.gov.au/climate-change.aspx

http://www.science.org.au/policy/climatechange.html


http://www.un.org/wcm/content/site/climatechange/pages/gateway


http://www.csiro.au/


http://www.epa.nt.gov.au/


http://www.derm.qld.gov.au/

http://www.epa.sa.gov.au/

http://www.epa.vic.gov.au/

http://www.environment.act.gov.au/

http://www.epa.wa.gov.au/



http://www.sustainableenergy.com.au/

http://www.energyrating.gov.au/

http://www.basix.nsw.gov.au/

http://www.abcb.gov.au/

http://www.ret.gov.au/



UEE-NEEK142A-COV.R1 Industry Endorsed National Training Package Support Material

©EE-Oz Training Standards June 2012

of 4

UEENEEK142A – EKAS Topic Resources Schedule

Topic Title Topic

Overview

(TOV)

Topic

Learner Plan

(TLP)

Topic

Learner Activities

(TLA)

Topic

Skills Practice

(TSP)

Topic

Review Questions

(TRQ)

Topic

Technical Summary

(TTS)

Code/Title: NEEK142A-KS01-EK142 –Environmentally and sustainable work practice 1. Environmental risk manage-

ment

UEE-

NEEK142A-

TOV-T01.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLP-T01.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLA-T01.R1

N/A UEE-

NEEK142A -

TRQ-T01.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TTS-T01.R1

2. Greenhouse effect UEE-

NEEK142A -

TOV-T02.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLP-T02.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLA-T02.R1

N/A UEE-

NEEK142A -

TRQ-T02.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TTS-T02.R1

3. Environmental legislation UEE-

NEEK142A -

TOV-T03.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLP-T03.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLA-T03.R1

N/A UEE-

NEEK142A -

TRQ-T03.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TTS-T03.R1

4. Sustainable work practices UEE-

NEEK142A -

TOV-T04.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLP-T04.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLA-T04.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TSP-T04.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TRQ-T04.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TTS-T04.R1

5. Sustainable energy UEE-

NEEK142A -

TOV-T05.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLP-T05.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TLA-T05.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TSP-T05.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TRQ-T05.R1

UEE-

NEEK142A -

TTS-T05.R1

LAP

UEENEEK142A – Apply Environmentally and sustainable procedures in the energy sector

September 2012

Release 1

ELECTROTECHNOLOGY TRAINING PACKAGE UEE11

LEARNING AND ASSESSMENT PLAN

UEE-K142A-LAP.R1 Industry Endorsed National Training Package Support Material


June 2012

Page 2 of 12

CONTENTS

1. Learning and Assessment Plan Overview 3

2. Knowledge and Skills Delivery 4

2.1.Learning Content and Resources

Error! Bookmark not defined.

3. Assessment 10

3.1.Assessment Activities 10

3.2.Assessment Specification 10

3.3.Work Performance Requirement 12



Sept 2012

Page 3 of 12

1. Learning and Assessment Plan Overview Competency Standard

Unit (CSU)

UEENEEK142A – Apply environmentally and sustainable procedures in the energy sector

CSU

Descriptor

This competency standard unit requires the worker to undertake

methods of work practice that minimises energy and material usage and to seek energy reduction strategies in the energy sector workplace. The unit seeks to minimise negative impacts on the environment.

Purpose of

LAP

The purpose of the LAP is to define the depth and breadth of knowledge

and skills required for the competency standard unit listed and the minimum assessment requirements. It also provides a list of resources

suitable in the delivery of the material using a blended method of delivery approach.

Suggested duration

It is anticipated 20 hours of structured/supervised learning will be required to impart this Learning and Assessment Plan.

Note: This duration includes the time taken to impart and assess the

learning content areas. It does not include the necessary workplace assessment and experience that augments learning in this part and

before competence is determined.

Learning

sequence

Before undertaking this Learning and Assessment Plan a learner is to

have completed the following Competency Standard Units or equivalent: Nil

EKASs addressed in this LAP

Code Specification Title

KS01-EK142 Environmentally and sustainable work practice

Minimum

Number of Evidence Sources

3

K Knowledge Assessment

S Skill Assessment

W Work Performance



Page 4 of 12

2. Knowledge and Skills Delivery 2.1. Learning Content and Resources

Knowledge and Skills Specification Content Areas

Code/Title: UEE-K142A-KSS- Apply environmentally and sustainable procedures in the energy sector

1. Environmental risk management

Content

Environmental sustainability

Environmental management

Environmental risks

Environmental management systems (EMS)

ISO 14001 standard

Reference Text: (Hard copy)

Phillips, P., Electrical Principles,

Cengage Learning, South Melbourne, 2nd Ed, 2012.

Hampson, J. and Hanssen, S., Electrical Trade Principles, Pearson Education, 2nd

Ed, 2009. Other documentation

EMS related documentation from employer or RTO.

Internet Websites:








Page 5 of 12

Knowledge

a) Explain the term ‘environmental sustainability’

b) Describe the importance of sustainable work practices

c) Give reasons energy sector organisations need to consider environmental

management as an integral part of their operation

d) List typical environmental risks faced by energy companies in Australia

e) Explain why energy companies need to develop and maintain an Environmental Management System (EMS)

f) Describe the role of a typical EMS within the energy sector and its

relationship to the ISO 14001 standard.

http://australia.gov.au/topics/environ

ment-and-natural-resources





www.iso14001.com.au

Skills

N/A













Page 6 of 12

2. Greenhouse effect

Content

Greenhouse effect

Causes of the greenhouse effect

Potential consequences of an increased greenhouse effect

Climate change

International and national greenhouse imperatives

Internet Websites:




www.ipcc.ch/

www.climatechange.gov.au/climate-

change.aspx

www.science.org.au/policy/climatech

ange.html




www.csiro.au/

Knowledge

a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘greenhouse effect’ as it applies to life on

Earth

b) List at least four greenhouse gases in order of their contribution to the

greenhouse effect

c) Describe the main human activities that are increasing greenhouse gas concentrations

d) Identify the role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPPC) in assessing climate change

e) Outline the actions currently being taken in Australia to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Skills

N/A





http://www.ipcc.ch/














Page 7 of 12

3. Environmental legislation

Content

Australian Government legislation

State/territory legislation

Environmental issues covered by state/territory legislation

Responsibilities imposed by environmental legislation on corporations and individuals

Role of local Councils in administering environmental legislation

Typical energy sector company environmental policies and procedures


Phillips, P., Electrical Principles,

Cengage Learning, South Melbourne, 2nd Ed, 2012.

Hampson, J. and Hanssen, S., Electrical Trade Principles, Pearson Education, 2nd Ed, 2009.

Internet Websites:



www.epa.nt.gov.au



www.epa.sa.gov.au/

www.epa.vic.gov.au


www.epa.wa.gov.au


Knowledge

a) Outline the role of Australian Government environmental legislation

b) Identify the environmental legislation that applies to a particular Australian state or territory

c) List at least eight environmental issues covered by state/territory

environmental legislation

d) Outline the responsibilities environmental legislation imposes on individuals

and corporations

e) Identify the role local Councils typically have in administering environmental protection legislation and regulations

f) List the types of environmental policies and procedures that apply to an energy sector company

Skills

N/A













Page 8 of 12

4. Sustainable work practices

Content

Sustainable work practice

Environmental Impact Assessment

Typical sustainable work practices when working outdoors

Typical sustainable work practices when working indoors

Waste disposal and recycling

Waste classifications

Recycling and recyclable materials.

Internet Websites:

www.epa.nt.gov.au



www.epa.sa.gov.au/

www.epa.vic.gov.au


www.epa.wa.gov.au


Knowledge

a) Define the term ‘sustainable work practice’

b) Identify typical environmental and resource saving issues associated with an outdoors worksite

c) Identify typical environmental and resource saving issues associated with a

typical electrotechnology workshop

d) Outline methods to reduce waste products

e) Outline ways of reducing on-the-job energy usage (where reductions are possible)

f) Use relevant state/territory government information to classify waste

products and determine their method of disposal

g) Identify recyclable waste products typically produced by an energy sector

organisation

Skills:

Evaluate current work practices and determine how waste and energy use can be reduced.











Page 9 of 12

5. Sustainable energy

Content

Sustainable energy

Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) program

Reducing energy usage

domestic, commercial and industrial strategies

trade related technologies and methods

energy efficient retrofits (overview)

Energy efficiency of new buildings

State/territory sustainable building regulations

Government energy saving initiatives

Renewable energy sources (overview)


Phillips, P., Electrical Principles, Cengage Learning, South Melbourne,

2nd Ed, 2012. Hampson, J. and Hanssen, S.,

Electrical Trade Principles, Pearson

Education, 2nd Ed, 2009. Internet Websites:





www.abcb.gov.au

www.ret.gov.au

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewab

le_energy

http://sa.gov.au

www.epa.nt.gov.au



www.epa.wa.gov.au



Knowledge

a) Explain the term ‘sustainable energy’.

b) Explain why some items of electrical equipment are required to display an

energy rating label, and the overall role of Minimum Energy Performance Standards in reducing energy consumption.

c) Outline two main ways in which the use of electrical energy can be reduced.

d) Outline the role the Australian Building Codes Board has in determining the energy efficiency of homes and commercial buildings.

e) Outline how state/territory energy efficiency and sustainability regulations are applied to new developments.

f) Outline the role of Australian Government programs aimed at increasing energy efficiency in industry.

g) List methods used to generate power from renewable energy sources.

h) Explain the terms ‘network demand’, ‘maximum demand’, ‘peak demand’ and ‘tariff’ as applied to electrical energy.

Skills

Evaluate the energy use of worksite/home and determine how it can be reduced.










http://sa.gov.au/








UEE-NEEK142A-LAP.R1 Industry Endorsed National Training Package Support Material


Sept 2012

Page 10 of 12

3. Assessment

3.1. Assessment Activities

Assessment Activity Description

Reporting

Requirem

ent

Knowledge

Assessment/s

Knowledge assessment undertaken

from nationally developed assessment bank.

% Mark

Skill Assessment/s There are no skill assessments other

than observation of learner in a workplace setting over a period of time

and in various settings

C/NYC

Work Performance Recording workplace activities

undertaken to meet the requirements

and scope of this competency standard unit

C/NYC

C/NYC – Competent/Not Yet Competent

3.2. Assessment Specification Knowledge Assessment/s

Event Type Theory test

Staging Assessment at the completion of Knowledge & Skills content.

Types of

Items

Candidate required to complete a knowledge assessment based on short

answer questions, multiple choice questions

Coverage Knowledge aspects of the Knowledge & Skills content

Duration 60 minutes

Conditions Supervised classroom environment (off the job)

Resources Computer generated assessment from national assessment bank.



Sept 2012

Page 11 of 12

Skill Assessment/s

Event Type Skill Test

Staging After Knowledge & Skills Content Areas 4 and 5.

Types of

Items

Observation of skills and questioning

Coverage Skills aspects of Knowledge & Skills Content Area 4 and 5, including

evaluation of:

current work practices and determining how waste and energy use can

be reduced

energy use of worksite/home and determining how it can be reduced.

Duration 45 minutes

Conditions Supervised workshop environment (eg, refrigeration)

Resources Workshop and energy bills

Work Performance

Event Type Simulation and questioning, or

On the job workplace activities carried out as part of the candidate’s daily

work activities.

Staging Carried out in conjunction with off the job delivery and completed before

attempting Clustered Assessment Activity

Types of

Items

Carry out specific work activities/tasks that demonstrate an ability to apply

environmentally sustainable work practices

Coverage This event addresses the entire unit

Duration 3 months

Conditions On the job or simulated environment

Resources A typical workplace environment, indoors or outdoors.



Sept 2012

Page 12 of 12

3.3. Work Performance Requirement

UEENEEK142A Apply environmentally and sustainable procedures

in the energy sector

Performance requirements: Related to all the elements, each element performance to be demonstrated across a representative body of performance criteria, on at least 2 occasions, autonomously and to requirements, and within the timeframes typically expected of the discipline, work function and industrial environment.

Representative Range

Group Item

Min No. of

items to

be carried out

A. Apply sustainable work practice in daily work activities

Reduce energy use

Reduce waste

All

Critical Evidence Requirements

The learner must be able to apply sustainable work practice principles and

practices relevant to the electrotechnology industry including:

Apply sustainable work practice in daily work activities

Dealing with unplanned events by drawing on essential knowledge and skills to provide appropriate solutions incorporated in the holistic assessment with the

above listed items

UEE- K142A –TLA–TO101-R1.doc ©EE-Oz Training Standards June 2012

Page 1 of 1

Topic Learner Activities 1

Code: KS01- EK142A Title: Apply environmentally and sustainable procedures in

the energy sector

Topic: 1. Environmental risk management

Learner Activity 1.1

Using information sources such as books, reference materials or the websites listed in the Topic Overview, write what you consider to be a good definition or

explanation of the term ‘environmental sustainability’. List at least two of the information sources you used in this activity.

Learner Activity 1.2 Using the above information sources, explain why it has become increasingly

important for individuals to live and work in an environmentally sustainable way.


Describe five environmental risks that are typical of those faced by energy sector organisations.


Outline the purpose of the ISO 14000 Environmental Management system, describe how it operates, and the advantages to an organisation of complying with ISO 14001. To do this, go to the ISO 14000 websites listed in the Topic

Overview.

Learner Activity 1.5 Using the above website, or other resources, briefly explain the requirements of

ISO 14001. Explain how the PDCA cycle applies, and what is involved in each phase.


Page 1 of 1



the energy sector

Topic: 2. Greenhouse effect


Using books, references or the internet, (see websites listed in the Topic Overview):

Explain the term ‘greenhouse effect’. That is, how it occurs and why this effect is essential to life on earth.

Explain the term ‘greenhouse gas’ and the role these types of gases have in

creating the greenhouse effect. List at least three primary greenhouse gases (excluding water vapour) in the

order of their contribution to the greenhouse effect. Explain the term ‘global warming’, and the role greenhouse gases have in

causing this effect.

Learner Activity 2.2 Referring to the above resources, describe some of the activities carried out by

man that are causing the concentration of greenhouse gases to increase. Explain which activity is causing the greatest effect.

Learner Activity 2.3 By referring to the IPCC website at www.ipcc.ch/:

Outline the role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPPC) in assessing climate change.

Briefly describe the structure of the IPCC and the role scientists have.

While at this website, click on the links page (from the home page) to access the gateway page of the United Nations Climate Change website.

(http://www.un.org/wcm/content/site/climatechange/gateway) Using information from this site, outline at least four consequences of global warming due to climate change.


By referring to the Australian Government Climate Change website (at www.climatechange.gov.au/climate-change.aspx) or other sources, briefly

describe the predicted impacts climate change is likely to have on Australia.

Learner Activity 2.5 By referring to the Australian Government Climate Change website (at www.climatechange.gov.au/climate-change.aspx), outline what actions are

being taken to reduce Australia’s carbon emissions.

http://www.ipcc.ch/

http://www.un.org/wcm/content/site/climatechange/gateway




Page 1 of 1



the energy sector

Topic: 3. Environmental legislation

Learner Activity 3.1 Using the internet, visit the Australian Government Department of Sustainability,

Environment, Water, Population and Communities website at www.environment.gov.au. Click on the link to the EPBC Act, and using the

information on the site, determine: The overall objectives of the EPBC Act The matters of national environmental significance to which the EPBC Act

applies. Who is affected by the EPBC Act.

Whether the legislation applies to you, and if so, under what circumstances. The start date of the most recently amended Act. The start date of the most recently amended Regulation.


Using the internet, visit the state/territory government environmental website that covers the state you live or work in. See list of website addresses in the

Topic Overview. Using the information on the site, determine: The full title of the environmental protection Act that applies in the state.

The types of penalties an individual might incur under the Act. (Hint, enter penalties as the search term in the site’s search box.)

The general types of offences that incur a penalty.

The overall role of the state/territory regulating authorities such as the EPA or other department. (Hint, includes site visits, helping organisations to comply

with the legislation, as well as administering the Act and Regulations.)


Using the relevant website and referring to the environmental protection legislation that applies in your state/territory:

List the environmental issues covered by the legislation. Most websites provide a summary of the issues, under headings that give more details of

each issue. You need to list the headings, and provide brief information about each issue, typically one or two sentences only.

Outline the responsibilities that apply to an individual as imposed by the

legislation (eg, your duty to report certain incidents, to ensure no harm is done to certain flora and fauna etc).


Using the internet, find the website for your local Council. From the website, determine and list the types of environmental issues the Council has responsibility to regulate and enforce.

Learner Activity 3.5 (Optional) If available, examine typical workplace environmental policies and procedures.

Briefly outline the general approach that workplace has to environmental management. For example, look for any general statements given in the policy. List the titles of the main policies and procedures that apply to a typical worksite

activity, eg minor construction involving digging trenches and other earthworks.



Page 1 of 2



the energy sector

Topic: 4. Sustainable work practices

Learner Activity 4.1 By referring to available resources, including the internet explain the term

‘sustainable work practice’ and what this would mean to you, as an employee in an energy sector organisation.

Learner Activity 4.2 Case Study: An outdoors worksite slopes down towards street level and the

stormwater system. The privately owned land is cleared of trees and is mainly covered by patchy low lying weeds and grass. A 300mm deep trench for electrical cables is being dug, using manual tools, from street level to half way

up the site. Power tools and a petrol-powered 230V alternator are being used on the site. Waste materials include aluminum, recyclable plastics, timber, copper

wire and putrescible rubbish. The job will take a week, and the weather forecast is for heavy rain during that week. List the environmental issues associated with the site you would need to

consider in order to apply environmentally sustainable work practices Briefly explain how the issues you identified would be managed

Describe ways in which energy usage on the job could be reduced.

Learner Activity 4.3 Case Study: You are working in an electrical/electronics repair workshop. Typical repair jobs include repairing small electric motors, computers and electronic

appliances, including photocopiers, TVs, DVD players and the like. The workshop generates a lot of electronic waste, along with other conventional waste

products, some recyclable. A range of cleaning chemicals are used, including acetone. The workshop is illuminated with a large number of fluorescent lights, although most of the workshop is unoccupied.

List the environmental issues that apply in this situation, and explain how to deal with them

What could be done to reduce the energy usage of this workshop?

Learner Activity 4.4 By referring to your state/territory government environmental website: Give an overview of the general statements the site makes about waste

disposal. For example, are there licensing requirements, does the site mention special types of waste, does it provide waste disposal information

for organisations, the public? List the waste classifications that apply and an example waste product of

each classification.

Under what circumstances does waste need to be tracked during transport? What special requirements are there about disposing of asbestos?

Are there special requirements concerning disposal of electronic/computer parts, batteries? If so, what are they?


Page 2 of 2


By referring to your state/territory government environmental website or other internet or reference sources:

Give an overview of the general statements the site makes about recycling. Is there a target figure for a particular year? Does it give reasons for recycling, and does it provide guidance on the types of recyclable materials

typically produced by an energy sector organisation? Develop a list of typical recyclable waste materials produced by an energy

sector organisation.


Page 1 of 2



the energy sector

Topic: 5. Sustainable energy

Learner Activity 5.1 By referring to relevant websites (eg, www.sustainableenergy.com.au/) or other

resources: Explain what is meant by the term ‘sustainable energy’.

Outline ways of achieving sustainable energy. Write a brief conclusion as to whether Australia is capable of reaching a zero

emission electrical energy supply system, and when this might be achieved.


By referring to www.energyrating.gov.au/: Briefly explain how the Australian/New Zealand Minimum Energy

Performance Standards (MEPS) program operates. List the types of appliances that are required to display an energy label, and

list the products registered for MEPS. (Hint: at the home page, click on

compare appliances, then on the next page, click on link Click to compare products.)

Describe the main features of an Energy Rating Label and how the Star Rating shown on the label applies.


By referring to www.abcb.gov.au/ (Australian Building Codes Board website): Outline the role of the Australian Building Codes Board in setting the

minimum energy efficiency of buildings in all parts of Australia. That is, explain what actions took place that resulted in the present 6-star rating being applied to domestic dwellings, and the role of the Board in applying

this rating. (To find the information, from the home page of the website, click on the link Energy Efficiency.)

Identify what is meant by the acronym NSEE, and outline the purpose of NSEE.

Learner Activity 5.4 By referring to your state/territory government environmental website and

navigating to the relevant pages concerning energy efficiency in new homes: Outline how the regulations concerning energy efficiency (not water

conservation) are applied. Identify who the regulations apply to. (Hint: In NSW, go to www.basix.nsw.gov.au, in Victoria

www.buildingcommission.com.au then click on link to the Sustainability page where further links under the heading Sustainability appear. In South Australia

go to http://sa.gov.au then navigate to the page titled Six star energy efficiency requirements for new homes. See Topic Overview for websites in other states.)





http://www.buildingcommission.com.au/

http://sa.gov.au/


Page 2 of 2


Go to the Australian Government Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism website at www.ret.gov.au, and click on the Energy button. This should take you

to the section of the site that covers government initiatives concerning energy. From this page go to the Energy efficiency page (www.ret.gov.au/energy/efficiency).

Outline how the department is assisting industry achieve energy efficiency. Explain the role of the National Framework for Energy Efficiency (NFEE).


Concerning renewable energy sources, by referring to the internet (use the search term renewable energy), books or other resources: Explain what is meant by the term ‘renewable energy’.

List areas other than electricity generation where renewable energy is being applied.


By referring to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Electricity_Market: Outline the role of the National Electricity Market (NEM). Briefly explain what is done to ensure the required standard of supply

reliability. List the titles of the government institutions/bodies that regulate the

electrical energy market.


http://www.ret.gov.au/energy/efficiency


UEE-K142A-TLP-TO1.R1.doc ©EE-Oz Training Standards June 2012

Page 1 of 1

Topic Learner Plan (TLP)

Code: KS01- EK142A Title: Apply environmentally and sustainable

procedures in the energy sector


Activities Flowchart Instructions

Start: Gain access to the internet, gather reference books and other information that may be provided.

Topic Overview:

Read the topic overview

Topic Technical Summary: Read the technical summary

Topic Learner Activities:

Undertake the following learner activities -

Obtaining information about environmental sustainability

Obtaining information about environmental risks

Purpose of ISO 14000 EMS

Requirements of ISO 14001

Topic Review Questions: Complete all five review questions

Start

Read

Topic

Overview

Learners

Activities

Topic Test

Topic

Review

Questions

Skills

Practices

Read Topic Overview and

Technical Summary


Page 1 of 1







Topic Overview:





Obtaining information about greenhouse effect

Obtaining information about human activities causing greenhouse gas concentration to increase

Role of IPPC and consequences of global warming

Predicted impacts on Australia due to climate change

Actions underway in Australia to reduce carbon emissions.

Topic Review Questions: Complete all six review questions

Start

Read

Topic

Overview

Learners

Activities

Topic Test

Topic

Review

Questions

Skills

Practices


Technical Summary


Page 1 of 1







Topic Overview:





Obtaining information about EPBC Act

Obtaining information about state/territory government environmental legislation

Obtaining information about environmental issues covered by state/territory legislation

Obtaining information about local Council environmental rules

Examining workplace environmental policies and procedures. (if available)


Start

Read

Topic

Overview

Learners

Activities

Topic Test

Topic

Review

Questions

Skills

Practices


Technical Summary

UEE-K142A-TLP-TO4.R1.doc ©EE-Oz Training Standards Sept 2012

Page 1 of 1







Topic Overview:





Obtaining information about sustainable work practices

Sustainable work practices associated with an outdoors worksite

Sustainable work practices associated with an electrotechnology workshop

Obtaining information about waste disposal legislation and practices

Obtaining information about recycling and related legislation

Topic Skills Practice: Reducing waste and energy use in current work practices.


Start

Read

Topic

Overview

Learners

Activities

Topic Test

Topic

Review

Questions

Skills

Practices


Technical Summary

UEE-K142A-TLP-TO5.R1.doc ©EE-Oz Training Standards Sept 2012

Page 1 of 1







Topic Overview:





Obtaining information about sustainable energy

Energy rating labels and MEPS

Information about the role of the Australian Building Codes Board in setting standards for energy efficient buildings

State/territory role in energy efficient buildings

Australian government role in energy efficiency

Obtaining information about renewable energy sources

Obtaining information about National Electricity Market

Topic Skills Practice: Reducing energy at home/worksite.

Topic Review Questions: Complete all nine review questions

Start

Read

Topic

Overview

Learners

Activities

Topic Test

Topic

Review

Questions

Skills

Practices


Technical Summary

UEE K142A -TOV-T01.R1.doc © EE-Oz Training Standards

January 2009

2009

Page 1 of 2

June 2012

Topic Overview (TOV)

KS01-EK142A: Apply environmentally and sustainable procedures


Topic Title: 1. Environmental risk management

Topic Purpose: In this topic you will learn about the concept and importance of environmental risk management as applied to the energy sector

Topic Content:

Environmental sustainability

Environmental management

Environmental risks

Environmental management systems (EMS)

ISO 14001 standard

Topic Objectives: At the end of this topic you should be able to:

a) Explain the term ‘environmental sustainability’

b) Describe the importance of sustainable work practices

c) Give reasons energy sector organisations need to consider environmental management as an integral part of their operation

d) List typical environmental risks faced by energy companies in Australia

e) Explain why energy companies need to develop and maintain an Environmental Management System (EMS)

f) Describe the role of a typical EMS within the energy sector and its relationship to the ISO 14001 standard.

Topic References/Resources: You will find the technical information to undertake this section in the following references. You should use as many references as you can.

Phillips, P., Electrical Principles, Cengage Learning, South Melbourne, 2nd Ed, 2012.









www.iso14001.com.au

Topic Duration: This topic represents around 20% of the knowledge and skills specification contents, and should take the learner approximately 4 hours to achieve the objectives.










January 2009

2009

Page 2 of 2

June 2012


January 2009

2009

Page 1 of 1

June 2012




Topic Title: 2. Greenhouse effect

Topic Purpose: In this topic you will learn about the greenhouse effect, its causes and the effect of increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Topic Content:

Greenhouse effect

Causes of the greenhouse effect

Potential consequences of an increased greenhouse effect

Climate change

International and national greenhouse imperatives


a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘greenhouse effect’ as it applies to life on Earth

b) List at least four greenhouse gases in order of their contribution to the greenhouse effect

c) Describe the main human activities that are increasing greenhouse gas concentrations

d) Identify the role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPPC) in assessing climate change

e) Outline the actions currently being taken in Australia to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Topic References/Resources: You will find the information to undertake this section in the following references. You should use as many references as you can.




www.ipcc.ch/

www.climatechange.gov.au/climate-change.aspx

www.science.org.au/policy/climatechange.html




www.csiro.au/

Topic Duration: This topic represents around 20% of the knowledge and skills specification contents, and should

take the learner approximately 4 hours to achieve the objectives.




http://www.ipcc.ch/








January 2009

2009

Page 1 of 2

June 2012




Topic Title: 3. Environmental legislation

Topic Purpose: In this topic you will learn about environmental protection legislation.

Topic Content:

Australian Government legislation

State/territory legislation

Environmental issues covered by state/territory legislation

Responsibilities imposed by environmental legislation on corporations and individuals

Role of local Councils in administering environmental legislation

Typical energy sector company environmental policies and procedures


a) Outline the role of Australian Government environmental legislation

b) Identify the environmental legislation that applies to a particular Australian state or territory

c) List at least eight environmental issues covered by state/territory environmental legislation

d) Outline the responsibilities environmental legislation imposes on individuals and corporations

e) Identify the role local Councils typically have in administering environmental protection legislation and regulations

f) List the types of environmental policies and procedures that apply to an energy sector company






www.epa.nt.gov.au



www.epa.sa.gov.au/

www.epa.vic.gov.au











January 2009

2009

Page 2 of 2

June 2012

www.epa.wa.gov.au







January 2009

2009

Page 1 of 2

June 2012




Topic Title: 4. Sustainable work practices

Topic Purpose: In this topic you will learn about applying sustainable work practices in the energy sector.

Topic Content:

Sustainable work practice

Environmental Impact Assessment

Typical sustainable work practices when working outdoors

Typical sustainable work practices when working indoors

Waste disposal and recycling

Waste classifications

Recycling and recyclable materials.


a) Define the term ‘sustainable work practice’

b) Identify typical environmental and resource saving issues associated with an outdoors worksite

c) Identify typical environmental and resource saving issues associated with a typical electrotechnology workshop

d) Outline methods to reduce waste products

e) Outline ways of reducing on-the-job energy usage (where reductions are possible)

f) Use relevant state/territory government information to classify waste products and determine their method of disposal

g) Identify recyclable waste products typically produced by an energy sector organisation


www.epa.nt.gov.au



www.epa.sa.gov.au/

www.epa.vic.gov.au


www.epa.wa.gov.au













January 2009

2009

Page 2 of 2

June 2012


January 2009

2009

Page 1 of 2

June 2012




Topic Title: 5. Sustainable energy

Topic Purpose: In this topic you will learn about ways of reducing energy consumption and the role of renewable energy sources in achieving a goal of sustainable energy.

Topic Content:

Sustainable energy

Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) program

Reducing energy usage

Energy efficiency of new buildings

State/territory sustainable building regulations

Government energy saving initiatives

Renewable energy sources

Terminology associated with electrical energy demand


a) Explain the term ‘sustainable energy’.

b) Explain why some items of electrical equipment are required to display an energy rating label, and the overall role of Minimum Energy Performance Standards in reducing energy consumption.

c) Outline two main ways in which the use of electrical energy can be reduced.

d) Outline the role the Australian Building Codes Board has in determining the energy efficiency of homes and commercial buildings.

e) Outline how state/territory energy efficiency and sustainability regulations are applied to new developments.

f) Outline the role of Australian Government programs aimed at increasing energy efficiency in industry.

g) List methods used to generate power from renewable energy sources.

h) Explain the terms ‘network demand’, ‘maximum demand’, ‘peak demand’ and ‘tariff’ as applied to electrical energy.








www.abcb.gov.au

www.ret.gov.au










January 2009

2009

Page 2 of 2

June 2012

http://sa.gov.au

www.epa.nt.gov.au



www.epa.wa.gov.au





http://sa.gov.au/







UEE- K142A -TRQ.TO1-R1.doc ©EE-Oz Training Standards June 2012

Page 1 of 2

Topic Review Questions


the energy sector


Instructions: These questions will help you revise what you have learnt in this topic.

1. What is meant by the term “environmental sustainability”.

2. Apart from greenhouse gas emissions, what other factors to do with the environment make it important to live and work in an environmentally sustainable way?

3. List typical environmental risks that energy sector companies need to consider and deal with.


Page 2 of 2

4. Briefly describe the role of an ISO 14001 Environmental Management System (EMS).

5. What is meant by the PDCA cycle of continuous improvement as applied to an EMS?


Page 1 of 2



the energy sector



1. What is meant by the term ‘greenhouse effect’?

2. Why is an increase in greenhouse gas concentration regarded as a problem?

3. Describe two main human activities that are causing an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere.


Page 2 of 2

4. What is the role of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPPC) in assessing climate change?

5. Give four likely consequences of global warming, assuming nothing is done to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

6. Outline the actions being taken by the Australian Government in regard to dealing with climate change.


Page 1 of 2



the energy sector



1. Given that each state/territory has its own environmental legislation, briefly explain the role of the Australian Government’s EPBC Act. That is, outline what types of areas (land/sea) and situations it covers, and why state legislation does not apply in these situations.

2. Outline the main issues covered by the environmental legislation that applies in your state/territory.

3. Under what circumstances is it your duty to notify relevant authorities of a pollution incident?


Page 2 of 2

4. List the general responsibilities that environmental legislation imposes on an individual.

5. What role do local Councils have in administering environmental legislation? As this might vary between Councils, your answer can be based on the Council covering your area.

6. Outline the main reasons energy companies need environmental policies and procedures.


Page 1 of 2



the energy sector



1. What are the four main steps associated with applying an environmentally sustainable work practice?

2. Under what circumstances is an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) required before work can start?

3. List four typical sustainable work practices associated with an outdoors worksite. Assume the work includes excavation, plus the production of dust, waste products and noise.


Page 2 of 2

4. Why is it illegal to dispose of batteries and electronic circuit boards into landfill, and how are these best disposed of?

5. Why is it illegal to allow oil spills, chemicals or water pumped from a worksite to enter the stormwater drainage system?

6. Give two reasons for recycling copper wire.


Page 1 of 3



the energy sector



1. Explain what is meant by the term ‘sustainable energy’.

2. What are the two main pathways to achieving sustainable energy?

3. Explain the difference between an electrical appliance or component with a low efficiency compared to the same appliance/component that has a higher efficiency. Give an example.


Page 2 of 3

4. What role does the Australian Building Codes Board have in determining the minimum energy efficiency of new buildings and when did this role begin?

5. List three (or more) aspects concerning the energy efficiency of a new building that are taken into account to ensure the building complies with relevant state/territory building regulations.

6. Outline two ways Australian Government regulations and programs are assisting or ensuring energy efficiency, particularly in industry.

7List four renewable energy sources used to generate electricity.


Page 3 of 3

.

8

.

When talking about the use of electrical energy, what is meant by the term ‘peak demand’, and what type of situation typically causes it?

9

.

Why do electricity retailers offer a lower tariff for electrical energy during certain periods (eg, night time)?

UEE-K142A –TSP-TO4-R1.doc ©EE-Oz Training Standards September 2012

Page 1 of 4

Topic Skills Practice 4.1

Code: KS01-EK142A Title: Apply environmentally and sustainable procedures in the

energy sector

Topic 4: Sustainable work practices

Skills Practice Title: Reducing waste and energy use in current work practices

Task: Evaluate current work practices and determine how waste and energy use can be reduced.

Objectives:

At the completion of this skills practice, you should be able to:

Identify waste products resulting from current work practices

Identify the level of energy usage in current work practices

Determine ways of reducing waste products associated with current work practices

Determine ways of reducing energy usage associated with current work practices.

1. Planning the Skills Practice

1.1 Equipment: Computer or note paper to

record observations.

1.2 Suggested Materials: No materials are needed

1.3 Miscellaneous Items:

Workplace energy usage accounts or records

Workplace records of waste products

1.4 Risk Assessment Risk assessment procedure:

Identify any hazards that may exist with this skills practice below List the supervision level you will be working under - Direct (D), General (G) or Broad (B) List the risk classification – High Risk (H), Medium Risk (M) or Low Risk (L) List the control measures required for each identified hazard that you need to implement.

Hazard/s Identified Supervision Level

(D, G or B)

Risk Classification

(H, M or L)

Control Measure/s


Page 2 of 4

2. Carrying Out the Skills Practice

Procedures:

Part A – Determining ways of reducing the amount of waste produced due to current work practices

2.1. Through observation, list the types of waste typically produced as a result of the current

workplace practices.

2.2. Classify the waste products into recyclable and non-recyclable.

2.3. Determine the extent to which the waste products are recyclable. That is, by observation of the

quantities of waste, identify whether the larger portion of it is recyclable or non-recyclable.

2.4. Identify the waste products that are produced in the greatest quantity (can be recyclable or non-

recyclable).

2.5. By observation of current work practices, determine how to reduce the quantity of some or all of

the waste products. For example, are some waste products recyclable, but are not being recycled?

Can waste be reduced by changing current work practices, such as reducing the amount of

electrical cable being discarded by keeping the off-cuts for future use in other work projects?

Observations


Page 3 of 4

Part B – Determining ways of reducing the amount of energy used

2.1. Identify the types of non-renewable energy sources currently used in the workplace, including

electrical energy, oil products (petrol, diesel) and gas. Assume the electrical energy being

consumed is from non-renewable sources.

2.2. By referring to workplace records and accounts, determine which type of energy source is used

the most in the workplace.

2.3. Identify the extent to which the workplace uses energy from renewable sources. For example,

does the workplace make use of the sun’s energy through good use of insulation and windows to

keep the workshop temperature stable and to avoid using artificial lighting?

2.4. Identify and describe ways energy could be reduced through current work practices. For

example, by turning the power off to lighting and equipment that is not being used, by fitting

lamps that are more energy efficient, by changing the layout of the work area, or by keeping

windows and doors closed to keep the workshop temperature stable and to avoid using heaters or

air conditioners.

Observations


Page 4 of 4

3. Completing the Skills Practice

3.1 Include your observations, either on separate sheets of paper or in the spaces provided.

3.2 Summarise your findings and give suggestions on reducing electrical energy use in the

workplace. For example, you may find there is one particular activity that, if changed, would

bring about significant improvements in waste and energy reduction. Or you may find

numerous workplace activities that if modified would improve the sustainability of the

workplace. Include as many suggestions as possible.

Findings and suggestions


Page 1 of 4

Topic Skills Practice 5.1

Code: KS01-EK142A Title: Apply environmentally and sustainable procedures in the

energy sector

Topic 5: Sustainable energy

Skills Practice Title: Reducing energy use at worksite/home

Task: Evaluate the energy used by your worksite or home and determine ways energy consumption can be reduced..

Objectives:

At the completion of this skills practice, you should be able to:

Determine the electrical energy used within a given period by an electrical energy-metered

worksite or home by referring to the premise’s electrical energy accounts.

Identify a pattern of energy usage by referring to a number of electrical energy accounts, or

from information provided on a single energy account.

Identify appliances, tools and typical items of electrical equipment and lighting used in the

home/worksite that, if replaced, would lead to greater energy efficiency

Determine ways of reducing energy usage associated with current practices at home/worksite.

1. Planning the Skills Practice

1.1 Equipment: Computer or note paper to

record observations.

1.2 Suggested Materials: No materials are needed

1.3 Miscellaneous Items:

Relevant electrical energy accounts

Energy rating information of appliances

1.4 Risk Assessment Risk assessment procedure:

Identify any hazards that may exist with this skills practice below List the supervision level you will be working under - Direct (D), General (G) or Broad (B) List the risk classification – High Risk (H), Medium Risk (M) or Low Risk (L) List the control measures required for each identified hazard that you need to implement.

Hazard/s Identified Supervision Level

(D, G or B)

Risk Classification

(H, M or L)

Control Measure/s


Page 2 of 4

2. Carrying Out the Skills Practice

Procedures:

Part A – Determining amounts and patterns of electrical energy usage

2.1. Obtain a recent electrical energy bill for your home or worksite. If possible obtain several bills.

From these documents, determine the amount of electrical energy used (in kilowatt hours) over

the billing period. Refer to other bills to determine if the energy used varies between seasons.

(Some energy companies provide graphs of energy usage over different periods.)

2.2. Determine if electrical energy use increases during a particular season. For example winter, or

maybe summer.

2.3. Identify, from observation, how others in your home/worksite use electrical energy in terms of

sustainability.

2.4. Where electrical energy usage varies between seasons, identify one or more reasons. For

example, air conditioners used in summer, gas heating in winter.

Observations


Page 3 of 4

Part B – Determining ways of reducing the amount of energy used

2.1. By looking at name plates or manufacturer’s information, identify those commonly used items of

electrical equipment in your home/worksite that consume more than 200 watts of power.

Examples include refrigerators, heaters, air conditioning units, stoves, many power tools and

some types of entertainment equipment.

2.2. Examine the type of lighting in the premises and identify the type of lamps that are mainly used.

These could be fluorescent tubes, incandescent lamps, LED lamps etc. Also examine how the

lighting is used by others. Note particularly if incandescent lamps are on for long periods.

2.3. Identify appliances that are greater than say 10 years old, and determine whether new models on

the market have a higher efficiency. For example, refrigerators and washing machines, and other

items that are required to show an energy (star) rating.

2.4. Identify and describe ways energy could be reduced through improved energy usage practices.

For example, by turning lights off when not in use, increasing the amount of natural light to

reduce lighting usage, wearing warmer or cooler clothing to minimise use of heaters or air-

conditioners.

2.5. Identify appliances and types of lighting that could be replaced with higher efficiency types. For

example, air conditioning units, refrigerators and freezers. Identify also where energy efficient

lamps could be used while still retaining the same light level.

Observations


Page 4 of 4

3. Completing the Skills Practice

3.1 Include your observations, either on separate sheets of paper or in the spaces provided.

3.2 Summarise your findings and give suggestions on ways to reduce electrical energy use in the

home/worksite. For example, through changed energy usage practices, replacing or servicing

electrical equipment, changing to different types of lighting. Add anything else you can think

of that helps reduce electrical energy use.

Findings and suggestions

UEE-K142A-TTS.T01-R1.doc ©EE-Oz Training Standards June 2012

Page 1 of 1

Topic Technical Summary

Code: KS01-EK142A Title: Apply environmentally and sustainable procedures in

the energy sector


Environmental sustainability refers to the environmental action and impacts of what we do. In moving towards sustainability we are attempting to reduce our ecological footprint; that is to reduce our impact on the environment and provide the best outcomes for human and the natural environments both now and into the future.

“Living sustainably means adopting a lifestyle which enables us to meet our present needs while maintaining a healthy environment for future generations.”

The need for sustainability in everything humans do has become increasingly important as we understand the effects we are having on the environment. One of these is global warming due to greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. This gas is emitted by coal-fired power stations, and by any machine that operates from a carbon based fuel, such as petrol.

Energy sector companies often operate in an environment that includes land, water, air, flora and fauna, natural resources, humans and their interactions.

Environmental management is therefore important for the company’s operations. There is considerable pressure on all organisations to operate in an environmentally friendly way, for reasons such as the following: • Legislation and enforcement • Stakeholder pressure – from shareholders,

employees, environmental interest groups, consumers, general public

• Reputation and corporate image Because of the nature of its business,

potential risks to the environment are regularly encountered by energy sector staff in their day-to-day activities. These are in addition to other risk factors.

Environmental risks can be described as elements of an organisation’s activities, products or services that can interact adversely with the environment.

Some of the environmental impacts and risks faced by energy sector companies are: • Oil management and spills • Generation of waste and appropriate

disposal of waste • Greenhouse gas emissions • Historical contamination (such as oil or

chemical contamination caused by past industrial activities)

• Asbestos (handling and removal) • Air emissions (toxic and greenhouse gases) • Noise and vibration • Dust generation • PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls)

management • Radiation (electric and magnetic fields –

EMF) To manage these risks, companies usually

have an Environmental Management System (EMS) which integrates environmental management into daily operations, long term planning and other systems within the organisation. A typical EMS is designed and maintained in compliance with international standard ISO 14001. (ISO 14000 is a family of voluntary standards in which ISO 14001 covers the EMS used by many organisations.)

There are a number of components in an EMS, including: • environmental impact identification • objectives and targets which are

consistent with the environment policy • operational and emergency procedures • responsibilities and reporting structure • continual improvement.

Basic principles and methodology of an EMS: • Plan – establish the objectives and

processes required • Do – implement the processes • Check – measure and monitor the

processes and report results • Act – take action to improve performance

of EMS based on results (PDCA–a continual improvement process)


Page 1 of 1



the energy sector


The term ‘greenhouse effect’ refers to the process in which the heat radiated from the Earth’s surface is partially reflected back by certain gases in the atmosphere, as a result causing the Earth’s temperature to rise. This effect is essential for life on Earth, as without it, the temperature of the Earth would be below freezing.

The main greenhouse gases are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone.

Global warming refers to the measured increase in the Earth’s temperature over the last 100 years, and the projected increase in coming years. It is concluded by many scientific societies and academies that this increase is caused by certain human activities that are creating an enhanced greenhouse effect. This includes burning carbon-based fuels (eg, coal, petrol, diesel), as these increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Climate change can be defined as a significant and long lasting change in the Earth’s weather patterns. Climate change is a natural phenomenon, and is caused by factors such as slight variations in the Earth’s orbit, large volcanic eruptions, and variations in the heat output from the sun (solar output).

Climate change is also related to global warming, and in scientific journals the term ‘climate change’ includes global warming and everything else that increased greenhouse gas levels will affect.

The significance of climate change is recognized internationally, and is sometimes referred to as ‘man-made climate change’. There are differing views on the role humans have in causing climate change. To provide scientific clarity on the topic, an internationally based organisation called The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was created in 1988.

The IPCC is a scientific body. It reviews and assesses the most recent scientific, technical and socio-economic information produced worldwide relevant to the understanding of climate change. It does not conduct any research nor does it monitor climate related data or parameters.

The IPCC is an intergovernmental body that is open to all member countries of the United Nations (UN) and World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Currently 195 countries are members of the IPCC.

It is generally concluded by scientific bodies that most of the increase in the Earth’s temperature is very likely due to the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations caused by man’s activities. These include burning carbon-based fuels, deforestation and other activities.

On a national level, the Australian Government has legislation in force to cut pollution that leads to greenhouse gases. Introducing a price on carbon is part of this action. Other initiatives include investing in renewable energy sources to reduce the nation’s dependency on ‘dirty’ energy sources such as brown coal.

In Australia, there are a number of bodies providing information on climate change, including the Australian Academy of Science. Others include the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM), the CSIRO, the Climate Commission and ClimateWorks Australia, a non-profit collaboration hosted by Monash University in partnership with The Myer Foundation.


Page 1 of 1



the energy sector


The Australian Government’s key piece of environmental legislation is called The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) which commenced 16 July 2000. It is constantly under review and amendment.

The EPBC Act provides a legal framework to protect and manage environmental aspects that are nationally and internationally important. These include flora, fauna, ecological communities and heritage places—defined in the EPBC Act as matters of national environmental significance.

The EPBC Act is accompanied with a set of regulations (Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Regulations 2000), which provide greater detail and are more frequently amended.

All Australian states and territories have their own environmental legislation. Essentially, this legislation empowers a regulating body, usually called the Environmental Protection Authority or EPA (except in Queensland) to administer the Environmental Protection Act in that state/territory. Some states have a number of regulating bodies.

Typically, state/territory legislation covers all relevant aspects of environmental protection. This includes waste disposal, noise, assessing the environmental impact of a proposed project, pollution (water and air), and anything that can affect the environment.

As well as an Environmental Protection Act, each state/territory has a range Acts that cover certain aspects of environmental protection. These might include soil conservation, waste, National Parks, weeds, fishing management, hazardous chemicals, planning and assessment etc.

A common factor in all environmental legislation is the provision of penalties. These vary, depending on the state/territory, and the nature of the offence. Penalties apply to corporations and individuals and can exceed $5 million (for corporations) and $1 million plus imprisonment for individuals.

In general terms, environmental legislation means a company or individual must: • Not cause water pollution (unless a licence

is obtained) • Not cause air pollution (without a licence) • Keep noise levels below certain limits • Dump waste only at a licensed facility • Not cause land pollution as a result of

spills or illegal dumping • Protect animals and plants in danger of

extinction • Manage dangerous chemicals responsibly • Not start major construction works

without appropriate approval. Local councils have an important role in

ensuring compliance with environmental regulations. In some cases, local councils are empowered to act on the behalf of the EPA (or other regulating authority). The issues faced by a local council depend on the area, but often include: • Illegal clearing and tree removal • Illegal filling and earthworks • Illegal dumping on public reserves • Water pollution from residential areas and

industry • Sediment and erosion control • Waste management practices on

construction sites. Energy sector companies often have

environmental policies and procedures that employees are required to follow. Policies might include: • Overall environmental policy • Methods of preventing contamination • General requirements concerning

operations that create noise • Waste management and recycling

Procedures might include: • Pesticide use • Contaminated land management • De-watering worksites procedure • Addressing environmental risks • Disposal of scrap metal • Disposal of surplus goods and equipment


Page 1 of 2



the energy sector


An environmentally sustainable work practice is one that:

identifies sustainable issues and has procedures to deal with the issues

implements the identified procedures

monitors the effectiveness of the procedures

reviews the procedures with a view to improving them

Sustainable work practices ensure that all works carried out by an energy company or its contractors use energy efficiently and avoid or minimise any likely impact on the environment. The environmental policies and procedures that apply will depend on the nature of the work and the legislative requirements. Typically, for a small job, those carrying out the work are required to identify environmental risks and how to minimise these.

For a larger job, eg construction, an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is typically required. Its purpose is to ensure the best possible outcome for the environment is achieved, while taking into account the needs of the organisation.

In the case of a typical outdoors worksite, sustainable work practices would include: • Erosion and sediment control, in which

measures are put in place to prevent soil eroding from the site into stormwater drains, roadways or waterways.

• Air pollution suppression, such as ensuring no dust leaves the site, motorised machinery is well maintained and used efficiently (not left idling unnecessarily).

• Preventing water flow from the site, including water pumped from open trenches, from entering the stormwater system or waterways.

• Dealing correctly with vegetation, including appropriate use of pesticides.

• Disposing of and/or recycling waste products.

In a general workplace, such as an electrotechnology workshop, the main sustainability issues to consider are:

Energy usage and where efficiencies in usage can be made.

Waste disposal and recycling.

Disposing of chemicals and toxic materials.

Waste disposal and recycling are generally a part of all sustainable work practices Three ways to minimise the problems caused by waste products are:

Avoidance – reducing the amount of waste generated

Resource recovery – reuse, recycling, reprocessing and energy recovery

Disposal – management of all disposal options in the most environmentally responsible manner. This is the least desirable option.

Waste is classified in certain ways, although classifications might vary between state/territory legislation. For example, in NSW, there are six classes of waste:

special waste (eg, clinical, asbestos, tyres)

liquid waste

hazardous waste (eg, lead acid or nickel cadmium batteries, lead paint, coal tar)

restricted solid waste (as announced by EPA from time to time)

general solid waste – putrescible. (Eg, household waste, food, night soil)

general solid waste – non-putrescible. (eg, waste that does not break down biologically)

Waste recycling is practiced in most energy sector organisations. Recycling processes used materials into new products, which is usually more energy efficient and less polluting compared to manufacturing the product from raw materials. Examples of recyclable waste materials/products typically produced by an energy sector organisation include:

paper and cardboard

timber


Page 2 of 2

transformer and motor oil

metals (copper cables, aluminium etc)

some types of light globes

building and construction materials

vegetation

plastics Waste products that have economically

salvageable or hazardous metals, and are therefore considered recyclable, include:

electronic/computer circuit boards (rare metals, including gold)

lead-acid batteries (lead)

items such as some types of lamps, that contain hazardous metals, (eg, mercury) which can be removed for reuse


Page 1 of 2



the energy sector


Energy efficiency and renewable energy are the two main ways towards a sustainable energy policy. A sustainable energy policy requires that energy sources used to produce electricity do not cause greenhouse gases or other effects that are unsustainable.

Energy efficiency means less energy is used to achieve a particular outcome. This ranges from using efficient lights, motors and equipment, to developing a lifestyle and work practices that use less energy. Renewable energy means electricity is generated from renewable sources.

Many items of electrical equipment are required by law to display an Energy Rating Label (ERL). The regulations also require a wide range of equipment to conform to minimum efficiency standards set out in Australian and New Zealand Standards. This is part of the Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) program.

Increased efficiency means an electrical appliance or component (eg motor, lamp) uses less energy to do its job. For example, an 11 watt compact fluorescent lamp produces the same light output as a 60 watt incandescent lamp.

Energy usage can also be reduced by switching off appliances or lights when they are not in use. Energy reduction programs developed by industry and commercial enterprises typically include this as part of the program.

All states/territories have regulations requiring new buildings to comply with certain energy efficiency requirements. From May 2011, the Australian Building Codes Board began publishing a National Construction Code, which as well as numerous technical codes (plumbing etc), includes codes concerning energy efficiency. The minimum energy rating permitted is referred to as a 6-Star rating, and this is usually specified by state/territory regulations (except NSW). What differs is how the required rating can be achieved, which depends on the location and other factors.

Methods used to increase the energy efficiency of a building include:

selecting a suitable building fabric (the outer covering of the building)

double glazing windows to prevent heat loss or transfer

sealing doors, windows and the like to prevent drafts

using efficient lighting (LED, fluorescent, induction etc)

using an efficient heating/cooling system along with installing insulation in ceilings, walls and under some types of floors.

Energy efficiency is important for industry. Many types of industrial motors and transformers must meet MEPS efficiency requirements. Federal government strategies include programs to coordinate and encourage high energy users to improve their efficiency. The programs are delivered through the National Framework for Energy Efficiency.

Renewable energy is another path to sustainable energy. Methods used to power an alternator to produce electricity include:

Geothermal energy – heat contained within the Earth is used to heat water to produce the steam required to power a turbine driving an alternator.

Solar energy, in which the heat of the sun is focused onto specially shaped pipes, thereby heating the water flowing through the pipes and producing high pressure steam to power a turbine.

Hydro-electric power stations, in which flowing water from a dam or river turns the alternators.

Wind power, in which an alternator is rotated by wind passing over blades of 80 or more metres in diameter.

Solar panels, in which light is converted to electricity, are now being widely installed on homes and commercial buildings. The electricity from a solar panel installation is fed into the electrical supply lines, the owner receiving payment for the energy produced at a rate set by state/territory governments.


Page 2 of 2

Electrical energy is supplied to homes and industry by electrical energy distributors and retailers. A distributor purchases electrical energy from a generating source at a particular rate (or tariff) that varies from time to time. Consumers purchase electrical energy from a retailer at a tariff that is regulated by state/territory governments. The wholesale electricity market (National Electricity Market or NEM) is regulated by a number of key bodies, including the Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC), the Australian Energy Regulator (AER) and the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO).

Every energy distributor needs to ensure their network can meet a peak load, which might only occur a few times each year. A network peak load typically occurs during extremely hot or cold weather. If the available generating sources are unable to meet the peak load, load shedding or power outages need to occur.

An electrical installation, domestic or industrial, is designed to handle the maximum power the installation draws when all appliances, machines, lights etc are switched on. This is called the installation’s ‘maximum demand’.

Load profiling is a way of gaining information about energy use. By looking at (profiling) energy use in a home or factory, a usage trend can often be identified leading to developing strategies to shift high energy demands to a period of low demand. Eg, by operating hot water heaters at night, when demand is low. Energy companies usually have a range of tariffs, such as off-peak rate which offers a lower cost per kilowatt hour of electricity.

Electrical energy usage is measured with a kilowatt hour meter, where one kilowatt hour (kWh) is the energy used over one hour by an appliance rated at one thousand watts. Electricity retailers are now fitting ‘smart power meters’ to measure the power taken by an installation, as this allows varying tariffs to be applied, depending on the time of day. Smart meters enable two-way communication between the meter and the retailer’s central system.

ELECTROTECHNOLOGY TRAINING PACKAGE UEE11 Docu… · practice that minimises energy and material...

Documents

Transcript of ELECTROTECHNOLOGY TRAINING PACKAGE UEE11 Docu… · practice that minimises energy and material...