Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must...
-
Upload
lewis-malone -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must...
![Page 1: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Electrostatic Charging
Chapter 15
![Page 2: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objectives
If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge?
When rubbed with a cloth, a rubber rod acquires a net negative charge. What sign charge did the cloth acquire?
If a proton is brought near one end of a long metal rod (electrically neutral), what is the sign of charge on the far end of the rod?
![Page 3: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Conductors and Insulators
Difference: Their ability to conduct, or transmit electric charge
Conductors: good at transmitting electric charge.
Examples: metals
Insulators: poor electrical conductors
Examples: Glass, rubber, plastic
![Page 4: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Conductors
In conductors, the valence (outermost) electrons are loosely bound, so they are easily removed from the atom and moved about the conductor of removed from the conductor all together.
Remember, valence electrons are not permanently bound to an atom.
![Page 5: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Insulators
In insulators, the loosest bound electrons are too tightly bound to be easily removed from their atoms.
Thus, charge is not available to move through an insulator, nor is it readily removed from the insulator.
![Page 6: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Semiconductors
Fall in between conductors and insulators.
Their ability to conduct charge is between insulators and conductors.
![Page 7: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Superconductors
An ordinary conductor has only a small resistance to the flow of electric charge.
An insulator has a greater resistance.
Remarkably, in certain materials at sufficiently low temperatures, electrical resistance disappears!
The materials acquire zero resistance to the flow of charge or becomes a superconductor
![Page 8: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Superconductors
Once electric current is established in a superconductor, the electrons flow indefinitely.
With no electrical resistance, current passes through a superconductor without losing energy; no heat loss occurs when charges flow.
Applications of superconductors include long-distance transmission of power without loss, and high speed, magnetically levitated vehicles to replace traditional rail trains.
![Page 9: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Electroscope
One of the simplest devices used to detect electric charge
![Page 10: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Electrostatic Charging
Charging by Friction
Charging by Conduction
Charging by Induction
![Page 14: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Charging By Friction
Insulators are rubbed, typically with cloth or fur, and they become electrically charged by a transfer of charge
The transfer of charge here is due to the frictional contact between the materials.
The amount of charge is dependent on the nature of the materials.
![Page 15: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Charging by Friction
![Page 16: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Charging by Conduction
Conduction = Contact
Conduction refers to the flow of charge during contact where electrons are transferred
![Page 17: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Charging by Conduction
![Page 18: Electrostatic Charging Chapter 15. Objectives If a charged particle attracts a nearby object, must that object have a net charge? When rubbed with.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033105/5697bfa91a28abf838c99ba0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Charging by Induction