Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary Zsolt ISTVÁN Ernő Garamvölgyi

Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary


Zsolt ISTVÁN

Ernő Garamvölgyi

Richárd Ladányi

Péter Chrabák

Bay Zoltán Foundation for Applied ResearchInstitute of Logistics and Production Systems


Zoltán BAY1900-1992

Bay Zoltán Foundation is established in 1993.


Projects in recycling of end-of-life electronics Recycling of household equipment with emphasis of reuse options, INCO-Copernicus RECAP, EU DG XII/C financed international project, 1997-1999.

ECOLIFE, Closing the Loop of Electr(on)ic Products and Domestic Appliances From Product Planning to End-of-Life Technologies, Implementation Phase in the Industrial and Materials Technologies (Brite-EuRam) programme for Thematic networks, corresponding partner, 2000-2002.

ECOLIFE II, ECO-efficient LIFE cycle Technologies From Products to Service Systems, Thematic Network for RTD Co-ordination and other Networking Activities within the Specific Programme “Promoting Competitive and Sustainable Growth” KA 1 “Innovative Products, Processes and Organisation”, associated partner, 2002-2006.

Collection and environment friendly dismantling of end-of-life electronics in Szinva NET Ltd – Supported by OM-KfHÁ (Ministry of Education, R&D) within Environmental Technical Development Found, 2000-2002.

Development of the first draft of the ministry decree on WEEE and the restriction of use of hazardous substances in electronic products in Hungary and study on the economic and social aspects, Made for Ministry of Environment with co-ordination Cowi Hungary Ltd., 2001


aim:to build up electronic product dismantling site considering reuse and recycling

partners:

• Szinva Net Kft. (Packard Bell-NEC official dealer)

• BAY-LOGI

financial supporter: Ministry of Education, R&D division

Time scale: September 2000. - October 2002.

Budget: 300.000 €

Environmentally Sound Recycling of Electronic Products National R&D Project


• Investigation of legislation concepts

• Identification of product types and amounts

• Material content of EE products

• Logistics, management questions

• Dismantling and recycling issues

Main topics of the project


Current financing

Fig. 2 The Environmental Fee System

Producer Customer

Recycler

Deposition

Central Fund(Government)

price

product

EOLproducte

nvi

ron-

menta

l fee

recyclingprice

mate

rials

price


Legislation / Costs

Was

te M

anag

emen

t L

aw

Nat

iona

l Leg

isla

tion

WEEE / RoHS

EU Directives

Planed decree on WEEE

• decree of the minister responsible for environment

• producers and importers are responsible for products

• products are grouped, quotas are defined for take back

Estimated national costs

• investments 8M €

• administration 200 k€/year

• collection, treatment 1.5 M€/year


Electronic products in the households


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 CRT2003

2005

2007

0,00

5,00

10,00

15,00

20,00

25,00

30,00

35,00

40,00

*1000 t

categories

years

Amount of discarded electronic products


16% of the nation

Discarded electronic products North Hungarian Region


Average material content of PCs


Average material content of TV sets


Average material content of PCBs


Average metal content (chemical elements) of PCBs


WEEE is collected within the municipal waste collection system

Collection methods

WEEE


Collection of selected WEEE by specialised enterprises

Collection methods

Wasteyard

Municipal waste

WEEE

Refrigerators


• inhabitants

• repair shops

• users

Collection methods

Municipal waste

WEEE

Refrigerators

Wasteyard

Individual collection and transportation to wasteyards


Technology


Layout

metal

glass

waste plastics PCB

IDE Mother-board

PC cards

Monitor dismantling


Testing workbench for PC parts


Dismantling of CRTs


collection and transportation

costs20%

Personell costs61%

rent5%

electricity1%

gas2%w aste transport

and landfill1%

transport of recovered material

10%

Economic evaluation - Cost analysis of a plant


Economic Evaluation - Revenues of dismantlingPCs (estimation) ca. 1 € = 260 HUF


Revenue of dismantling

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Dismantling steps

Ft

Economic Evaluation - Revenues of dismantlingMonitors, TV sets (estimation) ca. 1 € = 260 HUF

Inicirate or landfill of hazardous waste is ca.0,5 €/kg


Conclusions

• There is not any take back system for WEEE from households

• It is not possible to reach the 4 kg take back quota by end of 2006

• There is not enough capacity of dismantlers, recyclers

• Without legislation background the financing will be not solved

• The Hungarian WEEE decree will be come out in April 2004

• BAYLOGI made a reference for environmental sound solution

Electronic Product Take-back and Recycling in Hungary Zsolt ISTVÁN Ernő Garamvölgyi

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