Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics (ELCT 609)...Note that: Q1 and Q2 are matched and Ξ² is large....

22
Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics (ELCT 609) Summer 2020 : Round II Lecture 11: Op-amp Linear and Non-linear Applications Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab 1

Transcript of Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics (ELCT 609)...Note that: Q1 and Q2 are matched and Ξ² is large....

  • Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics

    (ELCT 609)

    Summer 2020 : Round II

    Lecture 11: Op-amp Linear and Non-linear

    Applications

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    1

  • Op-amps: IntroductionCircuit Modeling

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    2

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Ideal Op-amp Operational amplifiers are

    voltage amplifiers with very highgain

    Differential Input/Single outputcircuit is the most famous op-amp structure

    Ideal op-amp have the followingSpecs:

    Infinite Differential voltagegain

    Zero Common-modevoltage gain

    Infinite Input Resistance

    Zero Input Currents

    Zero Output Resistance

    Infinite Bandwidth (Gain isconstant all over thefrequency Spectrum)

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = 𝐴𝑉𝑑 𝑉1 βˆ’ 𝑉2 + π΄π‘‰π‘π‘šπ‘‰1 + 𝑉2

    2

    𝐴𝑉𝑑 = ∞ π΄π‘‰π‘π‘š = 0

    𝑅𝑖𝑛 = ∞ π‘…π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = 0

    𝐴𝑉𝑑 𝑠 = πΆπ‘œπ‘›π‘ π‘‘.

    𝑖𝑖𝑛+ = 0 π‘–π‘–π‘›βˆ’ = 0

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    3

    Operational amplifiers arevoltage amplifiers with very highgain

    Differential Input/Single outputcircuit is the most famous op-amp structure

    Ideal op-amp have the followingSpecs:

    Infinite Differential voltagegain

    Zero Common-modevoltage gain

    Infinite Input Resistance

    Zero Input Currents

    Zero Output Resistance

    Infinite Bandwidth (Gain isconstant all over thefrequency Spectrum)

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = 𝐴𝑉𝑑 𝑉1 βˆ’ 𝑉2 + π΄π‘‰π‘π‘šπ‘‰1 + 𝑉2

    2

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Ideal Op-amp Ideal Op-amp can be modeled using the following circuit:

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = 𝐴𝑉𝑑 𝑉1 βˆ’ 𝑉2 + π΄π‘‰π‘π‘šπ‘‰1 + 𝑉2

    2

    𝐴𝑉𝑑 = ∞ π΄π‘‰π‘π‘š = 0

    𝑅𝑖𝑛 = ∞ π‘…π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = 0

    𝐴𝑉𝑑 𝑠 = πΆπ‘œπ‘›π‘ π‘‘.

    𝑖𝑖𝑛+ = 0 π‘–π‘–π‘›βˆ’ = 0Figure from Sedra/Smith Copyright Β© 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc.

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    4

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Non-ideal Op-ampCircuit Realizations of Op-amp

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    5

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Ex.: Two stage CMOS Op-amp

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    6

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Ex.: BJT 741 Op-amp

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    7

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Op-amp Applications

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    8

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Amplifier

    Inverting and Non-Inverting Amplifiers

    𝑣𝑂𝑣𝐼

    = βˆ’π‘…2𝑅1

    𝑣𝑂𝑣𝐼

    = 1 +𝑅2𝑅1

    Figures from Sedra/Smith Copyright Β© 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc.

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    9

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Amplifier

    Inverting Amplifiers

    𝑣𝑂𝑣𝐼

    = βˆ’π‘…2𝑅1

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    10

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Buffer

    Voltage Buffer

    The voltage at the input is derived at the output node

    without drawing any current from the input source

    𝑣𝑂𝑣𝐼

    = 1

    Figure from Sedra/Smith Copyright Β© 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc.

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    11

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Difference Amplifier

    The circuit subtracts two voltage signals

    By Applying Superposition principle between 𝑣𝐼1 and 𝑣𝐼2

    By Choosing:

    𝑣𝑂 = βˆ’π‘£πΌ1𝑅2𝑅1

    + 𝑣𝐼2𝑅4

    𝑅4 + 𝑅31 +

    𝑅2𝑅1

    𝑅2𝑅1

    =𝑅4𝑅3

    𝑣𝑂 =𝑅2𝑅1

    𝑣𝐼2 βˆ’ 𝑣𝐼1

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    12

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Integrator

    Inverting configuration with General Impedances

    Lossless inverting Integrator

    𝑉𝑂𝑉𝑖

    = βˆ’π‘2𝑍1

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    13

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Integrator

    Lossy Integrator

    DC Gain is defined by:

    𝑣𝑂𝑣𝑖

    = βˆ’

    𝑅𝐹𝑅

    1 + 𝑠𝐢𝑅𝐹

    𝑣𝑂𝑣𝑖(0) = βˆ’

    𝑅𝐹𝑅

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    14

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Differentiator

    Op-amp based Differentiator

    𝑣𝑂𝑣𝑖(𝑠) = βˆ’π‘ πΆπ‘…

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    15

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Weighted Summer

    Figure from Sedra/Smith Copyright Β© 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc.

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    16

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Comparator

    Figure from Sedra/Smith Copyright Β© 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc.

    Positive Feedback is employed

    The output voltage is either the high or the low voltagesupply

    𝑣𝑖 < 𝑣+ 𝑣𝑂 = 𝑉𝐢𝐢

    𝑣𝑖 > 𝑣+ 𝑣𝑂 = 𝑉𝑆𝑆

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    17

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Logarithmic Amplifier Non-linear logarithmic Amplifier

    BJT operates in the Active Region

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = βˆ’π‘‰π΅πΈ = βˆ’π‘‰π‘‡π‘™π‘›πΌπΆπΌπ‘œ

    𝐼𝐢 =𝑉𝑖𝑛𝑅1

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = βˆ’π‘‰π΅πΈ = βˆ’π‘‰π‘‡π‘™π‘›π‘‰π‘–π‘›πΌπ‘œπ‘…1

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    18

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage anti-Logarithmic Amplifier

    Non-linear Anti-logarithmic Amplifier

    BJT operates in the Active Region

    𝑉𝑖𝑛 = βˆ’π‘‰π΅πΈ = βˆ’π‘‰π‘‡π‘™π‘›πΌπΆπΌπ‘œ

    𝐼𝐢 =π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘π‘…1

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = πΌπ‘œπ‘…1expβˆ’π‘‰π‘–π‘›π‘‰π‘‡

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    19

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Voltage Multiplier or Divider

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = πΌπ‘œπ‘…1expβˆ’π‘‰π‘–π‘›π‘‰π‘‡

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = βˆ’π‘‰π΅πΈ = βˆ’π‘‰π‘‡π‘™π‘›π‘‰π‘–π‘›πΌπ‘œπ‘…1

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    20

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Example

    For the 4127 IC showed in figure, find the output voltage (Vout) as a function in the input currents (Ix and Iy).

    Using the 4127 IC and the linear/nonlinear op-amp applications, design the following functions with minimum number of op-amps and derive K, n and m as a function in the circuit parameters.

    Note that: Q1 and Q2 are matched and Ξ² is large.

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = 𝐾𝐼π‘₯𝐼𝑦

    π‘š

    π‘‰π‘œπ‘’π‘‘ = 𝐾𝐼π‘₯𝐼𝑦

    π‘šβˆ’π‘›

    Course Instructor: Dr. Eman Azab

    Contact: [email protected]

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    21

    mailto:[email protected]

  • Example Solution

    For the 4127 IC showed in figure, find the output voltage (Vout) as a function in the input currents (Ix and Iy).

    Note that: Q1 and Q2 are matched and Ξ² is large.

    Electronic Circuits for Mechatronics ELCT 609

    Summer R2 2020

    22


SKM vs ETAP vs EasyPower - IEEE Web Hostingewh.ieee.org/r3/atlanta/ias/2019-2020...May 18, 2020 Β Β· Equation Slide: 𝑉=𝐼(𝑅cosβˆ…+𝑋sinβˆ…) Approximate Voltage Drop Formula:

SKM vs ETAP vs EasyPower - IEEE Web Hostingewh.ieee.org/r3/atlanta/ias/2019-2020...May 18, 2020 Β Β· Equation Slide: 𝑉=𝐼(𝑅cosβˆ…+𝑋sinβˆ…) Approximate Voltage Drop Formula:

Displaced Path Integral Method for Computing the …linlin/presentations/DisplacedPath...Β Β· Kinetic energy (equi-partition theorem) 𝐾= ...

Displaced Path Integral Method for Computing the …linlin/presentations/DisplacedPath...Β Β· Kinetic energy (equi-partition theorem) 𝐾= ...

An Implementation of Parallelizing Dijkstra’s AlgorithmΒ Β· Parallel Dijkstra’s algorithm Running time 𝑉 2 𝑃 +π‘‰βˆ™log βˆ’P is the number of cores used.In order to obtain

An Implementation of Parallelizing Dijkstra’s AlgorithmΒ Β· Parallel Dijkstra’s algorithm Running time 𝑉 2 𝑃 +π‘‰βˆ™log βˆ’P is the number of cores used.In order to obtain

Salient Object Detection Based on Background Feature Clusteringdownloads.hindawi.com/journals/am/2017/4183986.pdf · background feature samples and use 𝐾-means clustering algorithm[22]toclusterthesamples.Comparedtoseparating

Salient Object Detection Based on Background Feature Clusteringdownloads.hindawi.com/journals/am/2017/4183986.pdf · background feature samples and use 𝐾-means clustering algorithm[22]toclusterthesamples.Comparedtoseparating

Ma/CS 6bmath.caltech.edu/~2016-17/2term/ma006b/notes/19 Graphs and Mat… · 2/21/2017 3 Adjacency Matrix Consider a graph πΊΰΌžπ‘‰,ΰ£Ή. We order the vertices as π‘‰ΰΌžΰ€€ΰ΄‡,ΰ€€ΰ΄ˆ,…,ΰ€€ΰΆ³

Ma/CS 6bmath.caltech.edu/~2016-17/2term/ma006b/notes/19 Graphs and Mat… · 2/21/2017 3 Adjacency Matrix Consider a graph πΊΰΌžπ‘‰,ΰ£Ή. We order the vertices as π‘‰ΰΌžΰ€€ΰ΄‡,ΰ€€ΰ΄ˆ,…,ΰ€€ΰΆ³

Lecture 5.3 Camera calibration - Universitetet i osloΒ Β· Camera calibration β€’ Camera calibration is the process of estimating the matrix 𝐾 together with any distortion parameter

Lecture 5.3 Camera calibration - Universitetet i osloΒ Β· Camera calibration β€’ Camera calibration is the process of estimating the matrix 𝐾 together with any distortion parameter

Optical fiber sensors: overview and recent advances...Coherent Rayleigh scattering L P If L coh >> L P Coherent 𝐼= =0 𝑁 𝐼 Speckles harm the OTDR trace for loss estimation

Optical fiber sensors: overview and recent advances...Coherent Rayleigh scattering L P If L coh >> L P Coherent 𝐼= =0 𝑁 𝐼 Speckles harm the OTDR trace for loss estimation

Lecture 8.2 Structure from Motion - Universitetet i OsloΒ Β· 2 – 𝐸→𝑃. 1,𝑃. 2 = 𝐾. 1. 𝐼𝟎,𝐾. 21. 𝑅. 2 1. 𝒕. 2 β€’ Initialize the 3D structure by triangulation

Lecture 8.2 Structure from Motion - Universitetet i OsloΒ Β· 2 – 𝐸→𝑃. 1,𝑃. 2 = 𝐾. 1. 𝐼𝟎,𝐾. 21. 𝑅. 2 1. 𝒕. 2 β€’ Initialize the 3D structure by triangulation

Improving Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis by DS Evidence ...JournalofSensors 5 Table1:Featurematrixofsomesamples. Class Variance Kurtosis Mean Std Skewness Peak Median RMS CF 𝐾

Improving Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis by DS Evidence ...JournalofSensors 5 Table1:Featurematrixofsomesamples. Class Variance Kurtosis Mean Std Skewness Peak Median RMS CF 𝐾

A New Protection Scheme for Three-Terminal Mutually Coupled … · 2 Fig. 1. Three-terminal mutually coupled double-circuit 400-kV test system [5]. Let 𝑉 Mabc, 𝑉 Nabc and 𝑉

A New Protection Scheme for Three-Terminal Mutually Coupled … · 2 Fig. 1. Three-terminal mutually coupled double-circuit 400-kV test system [5]. Let 𝑉 Mabc, 𝑉 Nabc and 𝑉

Lecture 10: Clustering - GitHub PagesΒ Β· β€’Unsupervised learning β€’Clustering β€’K-means β€’Algorithm β€’How to choose 𝐾 β€’Initialization β€’Properties β€’Agglomerative clustering

Lecture 10: Clustering - GitHub PagesΒ Β· β€’Unsupervised learning β€’Clustering β€’K-means β€’Algorithm β€’How to choose 𝐾 β€’Initialization β€’Properties β€’Agglomerative clustering

When a neural net meets a Gaussian processΒ Β· Neural net (fully connected) ΰ€¦ΰ΄‡ ആ 𝐼 ΰ€§ ഇ ആ ΰ€¦ ΰ€¦ΰ΄ˆ ആ 𝐼 ΰ€§ ഈ ആ ΰ€§ ΰ€¦π‘ ആ ആ 𝐼 ΰ€§ 𝑁 ആ ആ ΰ€¦ΰ΄‡

When a neural net meets a Gaussian processΒ Β· Neural net (fully connected) ΰ€¦ΰ΄‡ ആ 𝐼 ΰ€§ ഇ ആ ΰ€¦ ΰ€¦ΰ΄ˆ ആ 𝐼 ΰ€§ ഈ ആ ΰ€§ ΰ€¦π‘ ആ ആ 𝐼 ΰ€§ 𝑁 ആ ആ ΰ€¦ΰ΄‡

Multidisciplinary Aircraft Design OptimisationMDF) β€’ Individual Discipline Feasible, ... architecture and stands for β€œSimultaneous Analysis and ... Axial Stress: 𝜎= 𝐼 ...

Multidisciplinary Aircraft Design OptimisationMDF) β€’ Individual Discipline Feasible, ... architecture and stands for β€œSimultaneous Analysis and ... Axial Stress: 𝜎= 𝐼 ...

Tobacco Smoking Behaviour Sub-GroupΒ Β· 2016. 4. 26.Β Β· ISO 3534-2:Statistics β€” Vocabulary and symbols β€” Part 2: Applied statistics: 𝑉( π‘Ÿ)= ( ) 𝑀 π‘Žπ‘› π‘Žπ‘› 𝑉(

Tobacco Smoking Behaviour Sub-GroupΒ Β· 2016. 4. 26.Β Β· ISO 3534-2:Statistics β€” Vocabulary and symbols β€” Part 2: Applied statistics: 𝑉( π‘Ÿ)= ( ) 𝑀 π‘Žπ‘› π‘Žπ‘› 𝑉(

Support Wildfire Management in Mediterranean Territories ...Β Β· METEO DATA FUEL MAP 𝑁 𝑉 RECORD DEM β€’ 3-day Weather Forecasts from Aeronautica Militare (Temperatures, Humidity,

Support Wildfire Management in Mediterranean Territories ...Β Β· METEO DATA FUEL MAP 𝑁 𝑉 RECORD DEM β€’ 3-day Weather Forecasts from Aeronautica Militare (Temperatures, Humidity,

jiyg;gpw;F fPNo cs;s ypq;if fpspf; nra;J FOtpy; ,izaTk;! )...2019/12/10 Β Β· Ohm’s law = R=𝑉 𝐼 R= 30 2 R= 15 1 1 PART – III Answer any seven questions. (Q.No. 32 is compulsory)

jiyg;gpw;F fPNo cs;s ypq;if fpspf; nra;J FOtpy; ,izaTk;! )...2019/12/10 Β Β· Ohm’s law = R=𝑉 𝐼 R= 30 2 R= 15 1 1 PART – III Answer any seven questions. (Q.No. 32 is compulsory)

AEROTHERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF HEAT RECUPERATION BY … · The exhaust jet of a modern turbofan engine still has a very large temperature (500βˆ’800 𝐾), providing an opportunity

AEROTHERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF HEAT RECUPERATION BY … · The exhaust jet of a modern turbofan engine still has a very large temperature (500βˆ’800 𝐾), providing an opportunity

909 - NEW, COUPLED MARMITES-MODFLOW …...Department of Water Resources (WRS) PROBLEM STATEMENT Evapotranspiration partitioning Sourcing Net recharge (𝐸π‘₯ =0) 𝐸=𝐼+𝐸 𝑒

909 - NEW, COUPLED MARMITES-MODFLOW …...Department of Water Resources (WRS) PROBLEM STATEMENT Evapotranspiration partitioning Sourcing Net recharge (𝐸π‘₯ =0) 𝐸=𝐼+𝐸 𝑒

Book of Cardiology - studybuffalo.s3.amazonaws.comΒ Β· Definition: Elevated arterial blood pressure = 𝑉 βˆ— = 𝑉 βˆ— 𝑉 βˆ— o ardiac Output β†’ Primary determinant of systolic

Book of Cardiology - studybuffalo.s3.amazonaws.comΒ Β· Definition: Elevated arterial blood pressure = 𝑉 βˆ— = 𝑉 βˆ— 𝑉 βˆ— o ardiac Output β†’ Primary determinant of systolic

PARAMETRIC FRACTIONAL IMPUTATION FOR ... No.05 291 PARAMETRIC...336 PARAMETRIC FRACTIONAL IMPUTATION FOR LONGITUDINAL DATA WITH INTERMITTENT MISSING VALUES covariance matrix 𝑉 The

PARAMETRIC FRACTIONAL IMPUTATION FOR ... No.05 291 PARAMETRIC...336 PARAMETRIC FRACTIONAL IMPUTATION FOR LONGITUDINAL DATA WITH INTERMITTENT MISSING VALUES covariance matrix 𝑉 The