Electron Datasheet (v006) - Particle · Electron Datasheet (v006) Functional description The...
Transcript of Electron Datasheet (v006) - Particle · Electron Datasheet (v006) Functional description The...
ElectronDatasheet(v006)
Functionaldescription
TheElectronisatinydevelopmentkitforcreatingcellular-connectedelectronicsprojectsand
products.ItcomeswithaSIMcard(Nano4FF)[1]andanaffordabledataplanforlow-bandwidth
things.Plusit'savailableformorethan100countriesworldwide!
ItalsocomeswithParticle'sdevelopmenttoolsandcloudplatformformanagingandinteracting
withyournewconnectedhardware.
U-bloxSARA-U260/U270(3Gwith2Gfallback),G350(2G),orR410M(LTECatM1)cellularmodule
STM32F205RGT6120MHzARMCortexM3microcontroller
1MBflash,128KBRAM
BQ24195powermanagementunitandbatterycharger
MAX17043fuelgauge
RGBstatusLED
30mixed-signalGPIOandadvancedperipherals
Opensourcedesign
Real-timeoperationsystem(RTOS)
FCC,CEandICcertified
[1]TheLTEmodelusesaMFF2SMDParticleSIMinsteadofaphysicalSIMcard.TheElectronLTEis
onlyavailabletoexistingenterprisecustomerswhohavedeployedanElectron2G/3Gsolutionand
wouldliketoupgradetoLTE.Itisonlyavailableintrayquantities.Newdesignsshouldusethe
BoronLTEorBSeriesB402SoM.ItcanonlybeusedintheUnitedStates,Canada,andMexicoat
thistime.
OVERVIEW
FEATURES
Interfaces
TheElectroncanbepoweredviatheVIN(3.9V-12VDC)pin,theUSBMicroBconnectororaLiPo
battery.
USB
MostUSBportscansupplyonlyamaximumof500mA,buttheu-BloxGSMmoduleonthe
Electronalonecanconsumeapeakof800mAto1800mA(2G/3G)or490mA(LTE)ofcurrent
duringtransmission.Inordertocompensateofthisdeficit,onemustconnecttheLiPobatteryatall
timeswhenpoweringfromatraditionalUSBportfor2G/3G.TheElectronwillintelligentlysource
powerfromtheUSBmostofthetimeandkeepthebatterycharged.Duringpeakcurrent
requirements,theadditionalpowerwillbesourcedfromthebattery.Thisreducesthecharge-
dischargecycleloadonthebattery,thusimprovingitslongevity.
VIN
TheinputvoltagerangeonVINpinis3.9VDCto12VDC.WhenpoweringfromtheVINpinalone,
makesurethatthepowersupplyisratedat10W(forexample5VDCat2Amp).Ifthepowersource
isunabletomeetthisrequirement,you'llneedconnecttheLiPobatteryaswell.Anadditionalbulk
capacitanceof470uFto1000uFshouldbeaddedtotheVINinputwhentheLiPoBatteryis
disconnected.Theamountofcapacitancerequiredwilldependontheabilityofthepowersupply
todeliverpeakcurrentstothecellularmodem.
TheElectronLTE(ELC402,LTECat1)canbepoweredwithaslittleas550mAat5V.
LiPoBattery
WhenpoweredfromaLiPobatteryalone,thepowermanagementICswitchesofftheinternal
BLOCKDIAGRAM
POWER
regulatorandsuppliespowertothesystemdirectlyfromthebattery.Thisreducestheconduction
lossesandmaximizesbatteryruntime.ThebatteryprovidedwiththeElectronisaLithium-Ion
Polymerbatteryratedat3.7VDC1,800mAh.Youcansubstitutethisbatterywithanother3.7VLiPo
withhighercurrentrating.Remembertoneverexceedthisvoltageratingandalwayspayattention
tothepolarityoftheconnector.
Typicalcurrentconsumptionisaround180mAandupto1.8Atransientsat5VDC.Indeepsleep
mode,thequiescentcurrentis130uA(poweredfromthebatteryalone).
Li+
ThispinisinternallytiedtothepositiveterminaloftheLiPobatteryconnector.Itisintentionallyleft
unpopulated.PleasenotethatanincorrectusageofthispincanrendertheElectronunusable.
Li+pinservestwopurposes.YoucanusethispintoconnectaLiPobatterydirectlywithouthaving
touseaJSTconnectororitcanbeusedtoconnectanexternalDCpowersource(andthisiswhere
oneneedstotakeextraprecautions).WhenpoweringitfromanexternalregulatedDCsource,the
recommendedinputvoltagerangeonthispinisbetween3.6Vto4.4VDC.Makesurethatthe
supplycanhandlecurrentsofatleast2Amps.
ThisisthemostefficientwayofpoweringtheElectronsincethePMICby-passestheregulatorand
suppliespowertotheElectronviaaninternalFETleadingtolowerquiescentcurrent.
VUSB
ThispinisinternallyconnectedtoUSBsupplyrailandwilloutput5VwhentheElectronisplugged
intoanUSBport.Itisintentionallyleftunpopulated.ThispinwillNOToutputanyvoltagewhenthe
ElectronispoweredviaVINand/ortheLiPobattery.
3V3Pin
Thispinistheoutputoftheon-board3.3Vswitchingregulatorthatpowersthemicrocontrollerand
theperipherals.Thispincanbeusedasa3.3Vpowersourcewithamaxloadof800mA.3.3Vwill
alsobeavailableonthatpinwhilethedevicebeingindeepsleep.UnlikethePhotonortheCore,
thispinCANNOTbeusedasaninputtopowertheElectron.
VBAT
SupplytotheinternalRTC,backupregistersandSRAMwhen3V3isnotpresent(1.65to3.6VDC).
ThePinisinternallyconnectedto3V3supplyviaa0ohmresistor.IfyouwishtopowerVBATviaan
externalsupply,you'llneedtoremovethisresistorwithadesolderingiron.Contactusifyouwishto
requesttraysofelectronswiththisjumperdepopulated.
PoweringtheElectronwithoutabattery
ThemostforgivingwaytopowertheElectronwithoutabatteryisviatheVINinput seeVINabove.
PowermayalsobeappliedseparatelytotheLi+pinorLiPoJSTconnectorseeLi+above.
AntennaType Manufacturer MFG.Part# Gain
2G/3GPCBantenna Taoglas PC104.07.0165C 1dBi~2.39dBi
LTEflexantenna Taoglas FXUB63.07.0150C 5.00dBipeak
FCCAPPROVEDANTENNAS
PeripheralType Qty Input(I)/Output(O) FT[1]/3V3[2]
Digital 30 I/O FT/3V3
Analog(ADC) 12 I 3V3
Analog(DAC) 2 O 3V3
UART 3 I/O 3V3
SPI 2 I/O 3V3
I2S 1 I/O 3V3
I2C 1 I/O FT
CAN 2 I/O 3V3[4]
USB 1 I/O 3V3
PWM 133 O 3V3
Notes:[1]FT=5.0Vtolerantpins.AllpinsexceptA3andDACare5Vtolerant(whennotinanalog
mode).Ifusedasa5Vinputthepull-up/pull-downresistormustbedisabled.
[2]3V3=3.3Vmaxpins.
[3]PWMisavailableonD0,D1,D2,D3,B0,B1,B2,B3,A4,A5,WKP,RX,TXwithacaveat:PWMtimer
peripheralisduplicatedontwopins(A5/D2)and(A4/D3)for11totalindependentPWMoutputs.For
example:PWMmaybeusedonA5whileD2isusedasaGPIO,orD2asaPWMwhileA5isusedas
ananaloginput.HoweverA5andD2cannotbeusedasindependentlycontrolledPWMoutputsat
thesametime.
[4]Technicallythesepinsare5.0Vtolerant,butsinceyouwouldn'toperatethemwitha5.0V
transceiverit'spropertoclassifythemas3.3V.
PinD3throughD7areJTAGinterfacepins.ThesecanbeusedtoreprogramyourElectron
bootloaderoruserfirmwareimagewithstandardJTAGtoolssuchastheST-Linkv2,J-Link,R-Link,
OLIMEXARM-USB-TINI-H,andalsotheFTDI-basedParticleJTAGProgrammer.Ifyouareshorton
availablepins,youmayalsouseSWDmodewhichrequireslessconnections.
ElectronPin JTAG SWD STM32F205RGT6Pin DefaultInternal[1]
D7 JTAG_TMS SWD/SWDIO PA13 ~40kpull-up
D6 JTAG_TCK CLK/SWCLK PA14 ~40kpull-down
D5 JTAG_TDI PA15 ~40kpull-up
D4 JTAG_TDO PB3 Floating
D3 JTAG_TRST PB4 ~40kpull-up
3V3 Power
GND Ground
RST Reset
Notes:[1]DefaultstateafterresetforashortperiodoftimebeforethesepinsarerestoredtoGPIO
(ifJTAGdebuggingisnotrequired,i.e. USE_SWD_JTAG=y isnotspecifiedonthecommandline.)
PERIPHERALSANDGPIO
JTAGANDSWD
MemoryMap
Bootloader(16KB)
DCD1(16KB),storeskeys,mfginfo,systemflags,etc..
DCD2(16KB),swapareaforDCD1
EEPROMemulationbank1(16KB)
EEPROMemulationbank2(64KB)
DeviceOS(512KB)[256KBcomms+256KBhal/platform/services]
Factorybackup,OTAbackupanduserapplication(384KB)[3x128KB]
TheDCDareaofflashmemoryhasbeenmappedtoaseparateDFUmediadevicesothatwecan
incrementallyupdatetheapplicationdata.Thisallowsoneitem(say,serverpublickey)tobe
updatedwithouterasingtheotheritems.
DCDlayoutin release/stable foundhereinfirmware.
Region Offset Size
systemflags 0 32
version 32 2
deviceprivatekey 34 1216
devicepublickey 1250 384
ipconfig 1634 120
featureflags 1754 4
countrycode 1758 4
claimcode 1762 63
claimed 1825 1
ssidprefix 1826 26
devicecode 1852 6
versionstring 1858 32
dnsresolve 1890 128
reserved1 2018 64
serverpublickey 2082 768
padding 2850 2
flashmodules 2852 100
productstore 2952 24
antennaselection 2976 1
cloudtransport 2977 1
altdevicepublickey 2978 128
altdeviceprivatekey 3106 192
altserverpublickey 3298 192
altserveraddress 3490 128
deviceid 3618 12
radioflags 3630 1
modebuttonmirror 3631 32
STM32F205RGT6FLASHLAYOUTOVERVIEW
DCDLAYOUT
ledmirror 3663 96
ledtheme 3759 64
reserved2 3823 435
Note:Writing0xFFtooffset3106(DEFAULTkeyusedonElectron)willcausethedevicetore-
generateanewprivateUDP/ECCkeyonthenextboot.TCPkeysarecurrentlyunsupportedonthe
Electronbutwouldbelocatedatoffset34.Youshouldnotneedtousethisfeatureunlessyourkeys
arecorrupted.
//RegenerateAlternateKeys(Default)echo-en"\xFF">fillbyte&&dfu-util-d2b04:d00a-a1-s3106-Dfillbyte//RegenerateTCPKeys(Unsupported)echo-en"\xFF">fillbyte&&dfu-util-d2b04:d00a-a1-s34-Dfillbyte
Region StartAddress EndAddress Size
Bootloader 0x8000000 0x8004000 16KB
DCD1 0x8004000 0x8008000 16KB
DCD2 0x8008000 0x800C000 16KB
EEPROM1 0x800C000 0x8010000 16KB
EEPROM2 0x8010000 0x8020000 64KB
Before0.6.0firmware
Region StartAddress EndAddress Size
SystemPart1 0x8020000 0x8040000 128KB
SystemPart2 0x8040000 0x8060000 128KB
Application 0x8080000 0x80A0000 128KB
FactoryReset/ExtendedApplication 0x80A0000 0x80C0000 128KB
OTABackup 0x80C0000 0x80E0000 128KB
Decompressregion 0x80E0000 0x8100000 128KB
Since0.6.0firmware
Region StartAddress EndAddress Size
SystemPart2 0x8020000 0x8040000 128KB
SystemPart3 0x8040000 0x8060000 128KB
SystemPart1 0x8060000 0x8080000 128KB
Application 0x8080000 0x80A0000 128KB
FactoryReset/ExtendedApplication 0x80A0000 0x80C0000 128KB
OTABackup 0x80C0000 0x80E0000 128KB
Decompressregion 0x80E0000 0x8100000 128KB
MEMORYMAP(COMMON)
MEMORYMAP(MODULARFIRMWARE-DEFAULT)
Region StartAddress EndAddress Size
Firmware 0x8020000 0x8080000 384KB
FactoryReset 0x8080000 0x80E0000 384KB
Unused(factoryresetmodular) 0x80E0000 0x8100000 128KB
MEMORYMAP(MONOLITHICFIRMWARE-OPTIONAL)
Pinandbuttondefinition
PINMARKINGS:
Pin Description
VIN
Thispincanbeusedasaninputoroutput.Asaninput,supply5VDCto12VDCtopowertheElectron.WhentheElectronispoweredviatheUSBport,thispinwilloutputavoltageofapproximately4.8VDCduetoareversepolarityprotectionseriesSchottkydiodebetweenVUSBandVIN.Whenusedasanoutput,themaxloadonVINis1Amp.
RSTActive-lowresetinput.On-boardcircuitrycontainsa10kohmpull-upresistorbetweenRSTand3V3,and0.1uFcapacitorbetweenRSTandGND.
VBAT
SupplytotheinternalRTC,backupregistersandSRAMwhen3V3isnotpresent(1.65to3.6VDC).ThePinisinternallyconnectedto3V3supplyviaa0ohmresistor.IfyouwishtopowerVBATviaanexternalsupply,you'llneedtoremovethisresistorwithadesolderingiron.Contactusifyouwishtorequesttraysofelectronswiththisjumperdepopulated.
3V3Thispinistheoutputoftheon-boardregulator.WhenpoweringtheElectronviaVINortheUSBport,thispinwilloutputavoltageof3.3VDC.Themaxloadon3V3is800mA.ItshouldnotbeusedasaninputtopowertheElectron.
WKPActive-highwakeuppin,wakesthemodulefromsleep/standbymodes.WhennotusedasaWAKEUP,
thispincanalsobeusedasadigitalGPIO,ADCinputorPWM[1].Canbereferredtoas A7 whenusedasanADC.
DAC12-bitDigital-to-Analog(D/A)output(0-4095),referredtoas DAC or DAC1 insoftware.CanalsobeusedasadigitalGPIOorADC.Canbereferredtoas A6 whenusedasanADC.
RX PrimarilyusedasUARTRX,butcanalsobeusedasadigitalGPIOorPWM[1].
TX PrimarilyusedasUARTTX,butcanalsobeusedasadigitalGPIOorPWM[1].
D0-D7
DigitalonlyGPIO. D0,D1,D2,D3 canalsobeusedasPWM[1]outputs.
A0-A7
12-bitAnalog-to-Digital(A/D)inputs(0-4095),andalsodigitalGPIOs.A6andA7arecodeconveniencemappings,whichmeanspinsarenotactuallylabeledassuchbutyoumayusecodelikeanalogRead(A7) . A6 mapstothe DAC pinand A7 mapstothe WKP pin. A3 isalsoasecondDAC
outputusedas DAC2 or A3 insoftware. A4 and A5 canalsobeusedasPWM[1]outputs.
B0-B5
B0 and B1 aredigitalonlywhile B2,B3,B4,B5 are12-bitA/DinputsaswellasdigitalGPIOs. B0,B1,B2,B3 canalsobeusedasPWM[1]outputs.
C0-C5
DigitalonlyGPIO. C4 and C5 canalsobeusedasPWM[1]outputs.
VUSBThispinisinternallyconnectedtoUSBsupplyandwilloutput5VwhentheElectronispluggedintoanUSBport.Itisintentionallyleftunpopulated.
Li+ThispinisinternallyconnectedtothepositiveterminaloftheLiPobattery.Itisintentionallyleftunpopulated.
Notes:
[1]PWMisavailableonD0,D1,D2,D3,B0,B1,B2,B3,A4,A5,WKP,RX,TXwithacaveat:PWMtimer
peripheralisduplicatedontwopins(A5/D2)and(A4/D3)for11totalindependentPWMoutputs.For
example:PWMmaybeusedonA5whileD2isusedasaGPIO,orD2asaPWMwhileA5isusedas
ananaloginput.HoweverA5andD2cannotbeusedasindependentlycontrolledPWMoutputsat
thesametime.
PINDESCRIPTION
ChargestatusLED
State Description
ON Charginginprogress
OFF Chargingcomplete
Blinkat1Hz Faultcondition[1]
Rapidblinking Batterydisconnected[2]
Notes:
[1]Afaultconditioncanoccurduetoseveralreasons,forexample,batteryover/undervoltage,
temperaturefaultorsafetytimerfault.Youcanfindtherootcausebyreadingthefaultregisterof
thepowermanagementICinfirmware.
[2]YoucanstopthisbehaviorbyeitherpluggingintheLiPobatteryorbydisablingchargingusing
firmwarecommand: PMIC().disableCharging(); .
SystemRGBLED
ForadetailedexplanationofdifferentcolorcodesoftheRGBsystemLED,pleasetakealook here.
YoucandownloadahighresolutionpinoutdiagraminaPDFversionhere.
LEDSTATUS
PINOUTDIAGRAM
TechnicalSpecifications
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
SupplyInputVoltage VIN-MAX +17 V
SupplyOutputCurrent IIN-MAX-L 1 A
BatteryInputVoltage VLiPo +6 V
SupplyOutputCurrent I3V3-MAX-L 800 mA
StorageTemperature Tstg -30 +75 °C
ESDSusceptibilityHBM(HumanBodyMode) VESD 2 kV
[1]Stressesbeyondthoselistedunderabsolutemaximumratingsmaycausepermanentdamage
tothedevice.Thesearestressratingsonly,andfunctionaloperationofthedeviceattheseorany
otherconditionsbeyondthoseindicatedunderrecommendedoperatingconditionsisnotimplied.
Exposuretoabsolute-maximum-ratedconditionsforextendedperiodsmayaffectdevicereliability.
Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit
SupplyInputVoltage VVIN +3.88[1] +12 V
SupplyOutputVoltage VVIN +4.8 V
SupplyOutputVoltage V3V3 +3.3 V
LiPoBatteryVoltage VLiPo +3.6 +4.4 V
SupplyInputVoltage VVBAT +1.65 +3.6 V
SupplyInputCurrent(VBAT) IVBAT 19 uA
OperatingCurrent(uCon,CellularON) IVINavg 180 250 mA
2G/3GPeakCurrent(uCon,CellularON) IINpk 800[2] 1800[3] mA
LTEPeakCurrent(uCon,CellularON) IINpk 550 mA
OperatingCurrent(uCon,CellularOFF) IVINavg 47 50 mA
SleepCurrent(4.2VLiPo,CellularOFF) IQs 0.8 2 mA
DeepSleepCurrent(4.2VLiPo,CellularOFF) IQds 110 130 uA
OperatingTemperature Top -20 +60 °C
HumidityRangeNoncondensing,relativehumidity 95 %
Notes:
[1]Theminimuminputvoltageissoftwaredefinedwithauserselectablerangeof3.88Vto5.08Vin
80mVincrements.Outofthebox,theminimuminputvoltageissetto4.36VinorderfortheLiPo
batterytobeabletoproperlycharge.
[2]3Goperation
[3]2Goperation
ABSOLUTEMAXIMUMRATINGS[1]
RECOMMENDEDOPERATINGCONDITIONS
TheElectronisavailableinfourdifferentversions:A2Gversionbasedonu-bloxG350cellular
module,two3GversionsbasedonU260andU270modules,andaLTECatM1model(R410M-02B).
Somecountrieshavealreadystoppedsupporting2G,includingAustralia,Japan,Korea,Singapore,
andTaiwan.ThecellularcarrierusedbytheElectronnolongersupports2GinNewZealandand
Switzerland.TheG350cannotbeusedinthesecountries.
Thedifferencebetweenthe3Gversionsistheiroperatingfrequencybandwhichdiffersbasedon
thecountry.AllofthesecellularmodulesareGSMonlyanddonotsupportCDMAnetworks.Both
3Gmodelscanfallbacktousing2Ginareasthatsupport2Gandnot3G.
NotethatLTEisLTECatM1,notthestandardLTE(LTECat1)usedbyyourmobilephone.Itisalow-
powerandlow-data-ratevariationofLTEforusewithIoTdevices.
Electron3GModule CompatibleCountries
U260UnitedStates,Australia,Argentina,Brazil,Canada,Chile,Colombia,CostaRica,DominicanRepublic,ElSalvador,Guatemala,Honduras,Mexico,NewZealand,Nicaragua,Panama,Paraguay,Peru,Venezuela
U270
Austria,Bahrain,Belarus,Belgium,Bulgaria,China,Congo,Croatia,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Ecuador,Egypt,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Ghana,Gibraltar,Greece,HongKong,Hungary,Iceland,India,Indonesia,Ireland,Israel,Italy,Japan,Jersey,Kenya,RepublicofKorea,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,RepublicofMacedonia,Malaysia,RepublicofMoldova,RepublicofMontenegro,Netherlands,Nigeria,Norway,Pakistan,Philippines,Poland,Portugal,Qatar,Reunion,Romania,RussianFederation,Rwanda,SaudiArabia,RepublicofSerbia,Seychelles,SierraLeone,Singapore,Slovakia,Slovenia,SouthAfrica,Spain,SriLanka,Swaziland,Sweden,Switzerland,Taiwan,UnitedRepublicofTanzania,Thailand,Turkey,Uganda,Ukraine,UnitedArabEmirates,UnitedKingdom,Uruguay,Zambia
R410M UnitedStates,Canada,Mexico
Pleasebesuretoorderaboardthatworksinthecountrywhereyouwanttodeployyourproject.
2GcellularcharacteristicsforG350,U260,andU270modules:
Parameter SARA-U260 SARA-U270 SARA-G350
Protocolstack
3GPPRelease7 3GPPRelease7 3GPPRelease99
MSClass ClassB ClassB ClassB
Bands GSM850MHzPCS1900MHzE-GSM900MHzDCS1800MHz
GSM850MHzE-GSM900MHzDCS1800MHzPCS1900MHz
PowerClass
Class4(33dBm)for850bandClass1(30dBm)for1900band
Class4(33dBm)for900bandClass1(30dBm)for1800band
Class4(33dBm)for850/900bandsClass1(30dBm)for1800/1900bands
3GcellularcharacteristicsforU260,andU270modules:
Parameter SARA-U260 SARA-U270
Protocolstack 3GPPRelease7 3GPPRelease7
UEClass ClassA ClassA
Bands BandV(850MHz)BandII(1900MHz) BandVIII(900MHz)BandI(2100MHz)
PowerClass Class3(24dBm)forallbands Class3(24dBm)forallbands
LTEcellularcharacteristicsfortheSARA-R410M-02-Bmodule
Parameter Value
Protocolstack 3GPPRelease13
RADIOSPECIFICATIONS
RAT LTECatM1Half-Duplex
LTEFDDBands Band12(700MHz)
Band17(700MHz)
Band28(700MHz)
Band13(750MHz)
Band20(800MHz)
Band26(850MHz)
Band18(850MHz)
Band5(850MHz)
Band19(850MHz)
Band8(900MHz)
Band4(1700MHz)
Band3(1800MHz)
Band2(1900MHz)
Band25(1900MHz)
Band1(2100MHz)
LTETDDbands Band39(1900MHz)
Powerclass Class3(23dBm)
ThesespecificationsarebasedontheSTM32F205RGT6datasheet,withreferencetoElectronpin
nomenclature.
Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
StandardI/Oinputlowlevelvoltage VIL -0.30.28*(V3V3-
2)+0.8V
I/OFT[1]inputlowlevelvoltage VIL -0.30.32*(V3V3-
2)+0.75V
StandardI/Oinputhighlevelvoltage VIH0.41*(V3V3-
2)+1.3V3V3+0.3 V
I/OFT[1]inputhighlevelvoltage VIH V3V3>2V0.42*(V3V3-
2)+15.5 V
VIH V3V3≤2V0.42*(V3V3-
2)+15.2 V
StandardI/OSchmitttriggervoltage
hysteresis[2]Vhys 200 mV
I/OFTSchmitttriggervoltagehysteresis[2] Vhys 5%V3V3[3] mV
Inputleakagecurrent[4] IlkgGND≤Vio≤V3V3
GPIOs±1 µA
Inputleakagecurrent[4] Ilkg RPUVio=5V,I/O
FT3 µA
Weakpull-upequivalentresistor[5] RPU Vio=GND 30 40 50 kΩ
Weakpull-downequivalentresistor[5] RPD Vio=V3V3 30 40 50 kΩ
I/Opincapacitance CIO 5 pF
DACoutputvoltage(buffersenabledbydefault)
VDAC 0.2 V3V3-0.2 V
DACoutputresistiveload(buffersenabledbydefault)
RDAC 5 kΩ
DACoutputcapacitiveload(buffersenabledbydefault)
CDAC 50 pF
Notes:
[1]FT=Five-volttolerant.InordertosustainavoltagehigherthanV 3V3+0.3theinternalpull-up/pull-
downresistorsmustbedisabled.
[2]HysteresisvoltagebetweenSchmitttriggerswitchinglevels.Basedoncharacterization,not
testedinproduction.
[3]Withaminimumof100mV.
[4]Leakagecouldbehigherthanmax.ifnegativecurrentisinjectedonadjacentpins.
[5]Pull-upandpull-downresistorsaredesignedwithatrueresistanceinserieswithswitchable
PMOS/NMOS.ThisPMOS/NMOScontributiontotheseriesresistanceisminimum(~10%order).
I/OCHARACTERISTICS
MechanicalSpecifications
Width=0.8"
Height=0.65"
Length=2.05"
Weight=10grams
TheElectroncanbemountedwith(qty2)18-pinsinglerow0.1"femaleheaders.Typicallytheseare
0.335"(8.5mm)tall,butyoumaypickatalleroneifdesired.Whenyousearchforpartsliketheseit
canbedifficulttonavigatethethousandsofpartsavailableonlinesohereareafewgoodchoices
fortheElectron:
Description MFG MFGPartNumber Distributor
18-pin0.1"(2.54mm)FemaleHeader(Tin) SullinsConnectorSolutions PPTC181LFBN-RC DigiKey
18-pin0.1"(2.54mm)FemaleHeader(Tin) 3M 929974-01-18-RK DigiKey
18-pin0.1"(2.54mm)FemaleHeader(Tin) Harwin M20-7821846 Mouser
Youmayalsouseothertypes,suchasreversemounted(bottomsideSMT)femaleheaders,low
profiletypes,etc..
TheElectroncanbemountedwith0.1"18-pinfemaleheaderreceptaclesusingthefollowingPCB
landpattern:
AnElectronpartforEAGLEcanbefoundintheParticleEAGLElibrary
DIMENSIONSANDWEIGHT
MATINGCONNECTORS
RECOMMENDEDPCBLANDPATTERN
Schematic
AlloftheElectronhardwaredesignfilesareopensourceandavailableunderaCreativeCommons
PublicLicense.TheschematicandPCBdesignsweremadeusingEAGLECAD.Youcanaccess
thesefileshere.
Note:CloneorDownloadthecompleterepositoryasaZIPfiletoavoidcorrupteddatainEaglefiles.
TheUSBdatalinesareterminatedwith22Ohmresistors.Thesedatapinsarealsoexposedvia
smallthroughholesnexttotheUSBconnectorandarelabeledD+andD-.TheVBUS(+5VDCVCC
oftheUSBport)isfedtothePMICviaa3AmpSchottkydiode(SS3P3).TheVBUSpinisalso
availableviatheunpopulatedheaderholeonthetop-rightsideoftheElectron.
TheElectronusesTI'sBQ24195asthepowermanagementandchargingunit.ThisPMIC
intelligentlysourcespowerfromeithertheVINpin,theUSBportand/ortheLiPobattery.Whenall
USB
PMIC(POWERMANAGEMENTINTEGRATEDCIRCUIT)
thepowersourcesasconnected,theunittriestosourcepowerfromtheUSBorVINasdefaultand
continuestochargetheLiPobattery.Whenthebatteryiscompletelycharged,thepoweristhen
sourcedfromUSB/VINalone.Ifthereisapowerdeficit(whichgenerallyoccursduringcellularradio
transmission),theadditionalpoweristhensourcedfromthebatteryasrequired.Theunitcanalso
seamlesslyswitchbacktothebatterywhenothersourcesofpoweraresuddenlyremoved.
TheDPdatapinoftheUSBisusedbythePMICtodetectthepresenceofaUSBpowersource.It
thenadjuststhechargecurrentandthelimitbasedonthetypeofUSBpowersourceitdetects.
ThisdoesnotalwayshappensuccessfullysincetherearealotofUSBhubsandchargersoutthere
thatdonotmeettheUSBdesignguidelines.Ifthedetectionisunsuccessful,thePMICdefaultstoa
500mAcurrentlimit.Ausercanalwaysadjusttheseparametersviasoftware.
ThemicrocontrollercommunicateswiththePMICviaanI2Cinterface(pinsPC9andPA8).This
interfaceallowsthemicrocontrollertoreadthestatusofthePMICandsetitsvariousparameters.
TheElectronusesSTMicroelectronics'sSTM32F205RGT6ARMCortexM3microcontrollerrunning
at120MHz.
MICROCONTROLLER
Theu-bloxcellularmoduletalkstothemicrocontrolleroverafull-duplexUSARTinterfaceusinga
standardsetofATcommands.TheSIM(Nano4FF)cardisdirectlyconnectedtotheu-blox.The
powertotheSIMcardisalsoprovidedbythecellularmodule.
U-BLOXCELLULARMODULE
Sinceu-bloxmodule'scommunicationinterfaceoperatesat1.8VDC,whiletheSTM32F205RGT6
microcontrolleroperatesat3.3VDC,weneedvoltagetranslatorsin-betweenthem.Thisisachieved
withtwoSN74AVC4T245non-invertingbuffers.ThedefaultstateoftheUSARTpinsissetwiththe
helpofpull-upandpull-downresistors,andtheunusedinputpinsaretiedtoGND.
Theoutput(3.8Vnet)ofthePMICisfeddirectlytotheu-bloxcellularmoduleanda3.3VDChigh
efficiencyswitchingregulator(TPS62290).This3.3VDCregulatorhelpspowerthemicrocontroller,
fuelgaugeandthebuffers.
TheElectronemploysaMAX17043fuelgaugetomonitortheLiPobatteryvoltageandit'sstateof
charge.ThemicrocontrollercommunicateswithitoveranI2Cinterface(samechannelasthe
PMIC).
BUFFERS
3.3VREGULATORANDFUELGAUGE
Layout
TheElectronusesafourlayercircuitboard.Toplayerconsistsofasignallayerfollowedbyground
(GND),3.3Vpower(3V3),andbottomsignal.
BillofMaterials
QTY Device Value Package Designator Manufacturer MFG.Part#
14 CAPACITOR0.1uF,6.3V,10%
0402
C14,C17,C18,C19,C2,C20,C21,C22,C29,C30,C31,C6,C8,C9
Fenghua 0402B104K160NT
2 CAPACITOR10nF,6.3V,10%
0402 C1,C38 Fenghua 0402B103K500NT
5 CAPACITOR10uF,6.3V,10%
0603C23,C24,C27,C40,C41
Yageo CC0603KRX5R5BB106
2 CAPACITOR12pF,6.3V,10%
0402 C33,C34 Fenghua 0402CG120J500NT
1 CAPACITOR15pF,6.3V,10%
0402 C16 Fenghua 0402CG150J500NT
2 CAPACITOR1uF,6.3V,10%
0402 C37,C39 Fenghua 0402X105K6R3NT
1 CAPACITOR1uF,25V,10%
0603 C4 Yageo CC0603KRX5R8BB105
2 CAPACITOR2.2uF,6.3V,10%
0402 C32,C35 Yageo CC0402KRX5R5BB225
2 CAPACITOR20pF,6.3V,10%
0402 C26,C28 Fenghua 0402CG200J500NT
1 CAPACITOR22uF,6.3V,10%
0603 C5 Samsung CL10A226KQ8NRNE
1 CAPACITOR220uF,6.3V,10%
2312(6032metric)
C3 AVX TAJC227K006
1 CAPACITOR4.7uF,6.3V,10%
0402 C36 Samsung CL05A475KQ5NRNC
1 CAPACITOR4.7uF,6.3V,10%
0603 C25 Yageo CC0603KRX5R5BB475
1 CAPACITOR47nF,6.3V,10%
0402 C7 Fenghua 0402B473K160NT
4 CAPACITOR47pF,6.3V,10%
0402 C10,C11,C12,C13 Fenghua 0402CG470J500NT
1 CAPACITOR68pF,6.3V,10%
0402 C15 Fenghua 0402CG680J500NT
1 CONNECTOR 2-pinSMD,2-pin,Vertical
JP4 Kaweei CW2001-02T-M01-D
1 CONNECTOR 1x181x18,0.1"pitch"
JP1 Kaweei CP25411-18G-S116A-A
1 CONNECTOR 1x181x18,0.1"pitch"
JP2 Kaweei CP25411-18G-S116B-A
1 CONNECTOR
USB-MICROB-SLOT-HOLE
X1 Kaweei CMCUSB-5BFM2G-01-D
1 CONNECTOR SMD J2 Kaweei P1163-0140R
1 CONNECTOR10mmx12.3mm
J1 Kaweei CSIM2545-06S-D
1 CRYSTAL26MHz,<±20ppm
4-SMD,5.0x3.2mm
Y2 SongJi SJSMD5026M00018F20
1 CRYSTAL32.768KHz,<±20ppm
2-SMD,1.5x3.2mm
Y1 SongJi SJFC1332K012F520P
1 DIODE 30V,3A DO-220AA U$3 Vishay SS3P3-M3/84A
2 IC-Buffer SC-70-5 U5,U6TexasInstruments
SN74LVC1G07DCKR
1IC-FuelGauge
TDFN-8 U4 Maxim MAX17043G+T
1IC-CellModule
16x26x3mm
U1 u-bloxSARA-G350SARA-U260SARA-U270
2 IC-Buffer 16-UQFN U2,U8TexasInstruments
SN74AVC4T245RSVR
1IC-Microcontroller
LQFP64 U3STMicroelectronics
STM32F205RGT6
1 IC-PMIC 24VQFN U$1TexasInstruments
BQ24195RGER
1 IC-MOSFET SC70-5 U9TexasInstruments
TPS22942DCKR
1 IC-3V3Reg 1A6-SON(2x2)
U$5TexasInstruments
TPS62291DRVR
1 INDUCTOR2.2uH,1.5A,20%
3.0mmx3.0mm
U$6 TaiyoYuden NR3015T2R2M
1 INDUCTOR 2.2uH,4A4.45mmx4.06mm
U$4 Bourns,Inc. SRP4020TA-2R2M
1 LED Blue 0603 LED1 Everlight 19-217/BHC-ZL1M2RY/3T
1 LED Red 0603 LED3 Everlight 19-217/R6C-AL1M2VY/3T
1 LED RGB4-PLCC(3.2mmx2.8mm)
LED2 CreeCLMVB-FKA-CFHEHLCBB7A363
1 RESISTOR 0R,1/16W 0201 R32 Fenghua
1 RESISTOR100k,1/16W,5%
0402 R1 Fenghua RC-02W104JT
14 RESISTOR10K,1/16W,5%
0402
R3,R8,R15,R16,R17,R19,R21,R24,R25,R27,R28,R29,R30,R31
Fenghua RC-02W103JT
1 RESISTOR150R,1/4W,1%
0603 R22 Vishay CRCW0603150RFKEAHP
1 RESISTOR1K,1/16W,5%
0603 R23 Fenghua RC-03K102JT
4 RESISTOR1K,1/16W,5%
0402 R10,R11,R12,R9 Fenghua RC-02W102JT
1 RESISTOR2.2K,1/16W,5%
0402 R4 Fenghua RC-02W222JT
2 RESISTOR22R,1/16W,1%
0402 R5,R6 Fenghua RC-02W22R0FT
1 RESISTOR330R,1/16W,1%
0402 R2 Fenghua RC-02W3300FT
2 RESISTOR4K7,1/16W,5%
0402 R13,R14 Fenghua RC-02W472JT
1 RESISTOR5.49K,1/16W,1%
0402 R18 Fenghua RC-02W5491FT
2 SWITCH 160gF3.6mmx3.1mm
MODE,RESET Haoyu TS-1185A-C
Orderinginformation
Electronsareavailablefromstore.particle.ioinsinglequantitiesin2G,and3Gversions.
ProductHandling
TheElectroncontainshighlysensitiveelectroniccircuitryandisanElectrostaticSensitiveDevice
(ESD).HandlingaElectronwithoutproperESDprotectionmaydestroyordamageitpermanently.
ProperESDhandlingandpackagingproceduresmustbeappliedthroughouttheprocessing,
handlingandoperationofanyapplicationthatincorporatesElectrons.ESDprecautionsshouldbe
implementedontheapplicationboardwheretheElectronismounted.Failuretoobservethese
precautionscanresultinseveredamagetotheElectron!
TherearethreeconnectorsontheElectronthatwillgetdamagedwithimproperusage.TheJST
connectoronthecircuitboard,whereyouplugintheLiPobattery,isverydurablebutthe
connectoronthebatteryitselfisnot.Whenunpluggingthebattery,takeextraprecautiontoNOT
pulltheconnectorusingthewires,butinsteadholdtheplugatitsbasetoavoidputtingstresson
thewires.Thiscanbetrickywithbarehands-nosepliersareyourfriendhere.
ThemicroBUSBconnectorontheelectronissolderedonthePCBwithlargesurfacepadsaswell
ascoupleofthroughholeanchorpoints.Despitethisreinforcement,itisveryeasytoripoutthe
connectoriftoomuchstressisputonintheverticaldirection.
TheU.FLantennaconnectorisnotdesignedtobeconstantlypluggedandunplugged.The
antennapinisstaticsensitiveandyoucandestroytheradiowithimproperhandling.Atinydabof
ESDPRECAUTIONS
CONNECTORS
glue(epoxy,rubbercement,liquidtapeorhotglue)ontheconnectorcanbeusedsecurelyhold
thepluginplace.
ThebreadboardprovidedwiththeElectronisspecificallydesignedtorequirelowinsertionforce.
ThismakesiteasytoplugtheElectroninandoutofthebreadboard.Ifyouendupusingadifferent
breadboard,rememberthatitmayrequiremoreforce.Inthiscase,alwaysremembertopinch-
holdyourpreciousElectronbythesides(alongtheheaderpins)whenplugging-unpluggingand
notbytheUSBconnector(don'tbethisperson).
BREADBOARDING
Defaultsettings
TheElectroncomespre-programmedwithabootloaderandauserapplicationcalledTinker.This
applicationworkswithaniOSandAndroidappalsonamedTinkerthatallowsyoutoveryeasily
toggledigitalpins,takeanaloganddigitalreadingsanddrivevariablePWMoutputs.
Thebootloaderallowsyoutoeasilyupdatetheuserapplicationviaseveraldifferentmethods,USB,
OTA,SerialY-Modem,andalsointernallyviatheFactoryResetprocedure.Allofthesemethods
havemultipletoolsassociatedwiththemaswell.
YoumayusetheonlineWebIDEParticleBuildtocode,compileandflashauserapplicationOTA
(OverTheAir).ParticleWorkbenchisafull-featureddesktopIDEforWindows,Mac,andLinux
basedonVSCodeandsupportsbothcloud-basedandlocalgcc-armcompiles.TheParticleCLI
providesacommand-lineinterfaceforcloud-basedcompilesandflashingcodeoverUSB.
Glossary
Term Definition
SMPS SwitchModePowerSupply
SIM SubscriberIdentityModule(Size:Nano4FF)
RF RadioFrequency
SMT SurfaceMountTechnology(oftenassociatedwithSMDwhichisasurfacemountdevice).
LED LightEmittingDiode
RGBLED RedgreenandblueLEDscombinedanddiffusedinonepackage.
USB UniversalSerialBus
Quiescentcurrent Currentconsumedinthedeepestsleepstate.
FT Five-tolerant;Referstoapinbeingtolerantto5V.
3V3 +3.3Volt;Theregulated+3.3Vsupplyrail.Alsousedtonoteapinisonly3.3Vtolerant.
PMIC PowerManagementIntegratedCircuit
LiPo Lithium-ionPolymerBattery
GSM GlobalSystemforMobileCommunications
CDMA CodeDivisionMultipleAccess
OTA OverTheAir;describinghowfirmwareistransferredtothedevice.
uC Microcontroller
FCCICCEWarningsandEndProductLabelingRequirements
FederalCommunicationCommissionInterferenceStatementThisequipmenthasbeentested
andfoundtocomplywiththelimitsforaClassBdigitaldevice,pursuanttoPart15oftheFCC
Rules.Theselimitsaredesignedtoprovidereasonableprotectionagainstharmfulinterferenceina
residentialinstallation.Thisequipmentgenerates,usesandcanradiateradiofrequencyenergy
and,ifnotinstalledandusedinaccordancewiththeinstructions,maycauseharmfulinterference
toradiocommunications.However,thereisnoguaranteethatinterferencewillnotoccurina
particularinstallation.Ifthisequipmentdoescauseharmfulinterferencetoradioortelevision
reception,whichcanbedeterminedbyturningtheequipmentoffandon,theuserisencouraged
totrytocorrecttheinterferencebyoneofthefollowingmeasures:
Reorientorrelocatethereceivingantenna.
Increasetheseparationbetweentheequipmentandreceiver.
Connecttheequipmentintoanoutletonacircuitdifferentfromthattowhichthereceiveris
connected.
Consultthedealeroranexperiencedradio/TVtechnicianforhelp.
FCCCaution:Anychangesormodificationsnotexpresslyapprovedbythepartyresponsiblefor
compliancecouldvoidtheuser'sauthoritytooperatethisequipment.Thisdevicecomplieswith
Part15oftheFCCRules.Operationissubjecttothefollowingtwoconditions:
1. Thisdevicemaynotcauseharmfulinterference,and
2. Thisdevicemustacceptanyinterferencereceived,includinginterferencethatmaycause
undesiredoperation.
FCCRadiationExposureStatement:ThisequipmentcomplieswithFCCradiationexposurelimits
setforthforanuncontrolledenvironment.Thistransmittermodulemustnotbeco-locatedor
operatinginconjunctionwithanyotherantennaortransmitter.ThisEndequipmentshouldbe
installedandoperatedwithaminimumdistanceof20centimetersbetweentheradiatorandyour
body.
IMPORTANTNOTE:Intheeventthattheseconditionscannotbemet(forexamplecertainlaptop
configurationsorco-locationwithanothertransmitter),thentheFCCauthorizationisnolonger
consideredvalidandtheFCCIDcannotbeusedonthefinalproduct.Inthesecircumstances,the
OEMintegratorwillberesponsibleforre-evaluatingtheendproduct(includingthetransmitter)
andobtainingaseparateFCCauthorization.
EndProductLabelingThefinalendproductmustbelabeledinavisibleareawiththefollowing:
ContainsFCCID:
XPYSARAG350(For2GElectronusingtheG350module)
XPYSARAU260(For3GElectronusingtheU260module)
XPYSARAU270(For3GElectronusingtheU270module)
XPY2AGQN4NNN(ForLTEElectronmoduleusingtheR410module)
ManualInformationtotheEndUserTheOEMintegratorhastobeawarenottoprovide
informationtotheenduserregardinghowtoinstallorremovethisRFmoduleintheuser’s
manualoftheendproductwhichintegratesthismodule.
CanadaStatementThisdevicecomplieswithIndustryCanada’slicence-exemptRSSs.Operationis
subjecttothefollowingtwoconditions:
1. Thisdevicemaynotcauseinterference;and
2. Thisdevicemustacceptanyinterference,includinginterferencethatmaycauseundesired
operationofthedevice.
LeprésentappareilestconformeauxCNRd’IndustrieCanadaapplicablesauxappareilsradio
exemptsdelicence.
L’exploitationestautoriséeauxdeuxconditionssuivantes:
1. l’appareilnedoitpasproduiredebrouillage;
2. l’utilisateurdel’appareildoitacceptertoutbrouillageradioélectriquesubi,mêmesilebrouillage
estsusceptibled’encompromettrelefonctionnement.
CautionExposure:Thisdevicemeetstheexemptionfromtheroutineevaluationlimitsinsection
2.5ofRSS102anduserscanobtainCanadianinformationonRFexposureandcompliance.Le
dispositifrépondàl'exemptiondeslimitesd'évaluationderoutinedanslasection2.5deRSS102et
lesutilisateurspeuventobtenirdesrenseignementscanadienssurl'expositionauxRFetlerespect.
Thefinalendproductmustbelabelledinavisibleareawiththefollowing:TheIndustryCanada
certificationlabelofamoduleshallbeclearlyvisibleatalltimeswheninstalledinthehostdevice,
otherwisethehostdevicemustbelabelledtodisplaytheIndustryCanadacertificationnumberof
themodule,precededbythewords“Containstransmittermodule”,ortheword“Contains”,or
similarwordingexpressingthesamemeaning,asfollows:
ContainstransmittermoduleIC:
8595A-SARAG350(For2GElectronusingtheG350module)
8595A-SARAU260(For3GElectronusingtheU260module)
8595A-SARAU270(For3GElectronusingtheU270module)
8595A-2AGQN4NNN(ForLTEElectronmoduleusingtheR410module)
ThisEndequipmentshouldbeinstalledandoperatedwithaminimumdistanceof20centimeters
betweentheradiatorandyourbody.Cetéquipementdevraitêtreinstalléetactionnéavecune
distanceminimumde20centimètresentreleradiateuretvotrecorps.
Theendusermanualshallincludeallrequiredregulatoryinformation/warningasshowninthis
manual.
Foranin-depthreviewoncertifications,pleaseclickhere.
Revisionhistory
Revision Date Author Comments
v00120-
Jan-2016
MB Initialrelease
v00224-
March-2016
MBAdded:Memorymap,DAClimits,SIMcardsize,SWDpinlocations.Updated:Powersection,pindiagram,blockdiagram,operatingconditions.
v00312-
Sept-2016
BWErrorinCellularoffoperatingcurrent,changedfrom2-15mAto47-50mA.AlsoqualifiedthesecurrentreadingswithuCon/off.UpdatedthePinDescriptionsection.UpdatedMatingconnectorssection.
v00427-
Oct-2016
BWReplacedoneSTM32F205RGY6withSTM32F205RGT6,andreplacedallSTM32mentionswithfullpartnumberSTM32F205RGT6
v00514-
Aug-2017
BW
UpdatedDCDlayoutandMemoryMap,renamedSPI1_/SPI3_tomatchParticleAPIinsteadofSTM32pinnamestoavoidconfusion(nowSPI,SPI1andSPI2),updatedthePinDescriptionsectionandaddedhighresolutionpinoutPDF,updatedLEDStatussection,VBATinfo,addedPowertheElectronwithoutabatterysection
v00631-Jul-
2019RK AddedLTEinformation
KnownErrata
Wearetrackingknownerratawiththisdatasheethere.Theseissues/errorsinthedatasheetwillbe
resolvedinsubsequentrevisions.
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