Electromagnetic Waves 5.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum.
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Transcript of Electromagnetic Waves 5.1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum.
Electromagnetic Electromagnetic WavesWaves
5.1 The Electromagnetic 5.1 The Electromagnetic SpectrumSpectrum
Learning objectivesLearning objectives
Be able to name the regions of the Be able to name the regions of the EM spectrumEM spectrum
Be able to describe the properties of Be able to describe the properties of a wavea wave
Be able to use the ‘wave equation’Be able to use the ‘wave equation’
Waves carry energy from one place to another.
There are 2 main types of wave you need to know about:
Transverse Waves e.g. light waves
Longitudinal Waves e.g. sound waves
Types of wavesTypes of waves
What type of energy is the wave transferring?
In which direction is the energy moving?
In which direction is each part of the spring moving?
kinetic
Longitudinal wavesLongitudinal waves
What type of energy is the wave transferring?
In which direction is the energy moving?
In which direction is each part of the rope moving?
kinetic
Transverse wavesTransverse waves
Wave propertiesWave properties
Wavelength (Lambda, Wavelength (Lambda, λλ))
Distance from the Distance from the peak of one wave to peak of one wave to the peak of next wavethe peak of next wave
Energy of wave Energy of wave depends on depends on wavelengthwavelength Radio waves = 1000mRadio waves = 1000m X-rays = X-rays =
0.000000000001m0.000000000001m
Frequency (Hertz, Frequency (Hertz, Hz)Hz)
Number of complete Number of complete waves passing one waves passing one point in a secondpoint in a second
1 Hz = 1 1 Hz = 1 wave/secondwave/second
1 kilohertz = 1000 1 kilohertz = 1000 HzHz
1 megahertz = 1 1 megahertz = 1 million Hz million Hz
Wave speedWave speed
All EM waves = 300 million m/s All EM waves = 300 million m/s (vacuum) (vacuum) Speed of lightSpeed of light
Speed (m/s) = frequency (Hz) x Speed (m/s) = frequency (Hz) x wavelength (m)wavelength (m)
Speed
Wavelength Frequenc
y
Electromagnetic Electromagnetic spectrumspectrum
Electrical and magnetic Electrical and magnetic disturbances that transfer energydisturbances that transfer energy All travel at speed of lightAll travel at speed of light
Energy transferred – wavelengthEnergy transferred – wavelength Put into groups according to Put into groups according to
wavelengthwavelength Different waves lengths = different Different waves lengths = different
effectseffects
Radio
Micro
Infra-Re
dVisible
Light
Ultra-V
iolet
X rays
Gam
ma
Wavelength () increases
High frequency
Short wavelength
High energy
Most penetrating
Low frequency
Long wavelength
Low energy
Least penetrating
The EM spectrumThe EM spectrum
Learning outcomesLearning outcomes
Properties of a wave:Properties of a wave: WavelengthWavelength AmplitudeAmplitude FrequencyFrequency
Using the ‘wave equation’ Using the ‘wave equation’ The EM spectrumThe EM spectrum
Different regions depending on Different regions depending on propertiesproperties
R-M-I-V-U-X-GR-M-I-V-U-X-G