Electromagnetic Radiation Survey Conducted for...

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Electromagnetic Radiation Survey

Conducted for

Australian Broadcasting Corporation At

600 Coronation Drive, Toowong, Qld Australia

Report Number: B050401 Issue Date: 2nd May 2005

The radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation levels reported herein are those observed at the time of the survey. Actual exposure levels are cumulative and are dependent on the power output from all the transmitters at the site and in the vicinity of the site. EMC Technologies Pty Ltd shall have no liability for any deductions, inferences or generalisations drawn by the client or others from EMC Technologies Pty Ltd issued reports. This report shall not be used to claim, constitute or imply any form of endorsement by EMC Technologies Pty Ltd.

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Report No. B050401 of 25

This document must not be copied or reproduced, except in full without the written permission of the Manager, EMC Technologies Pty Ltd - www.emctech.com.au

Electromagnetic Radiation Survey

Conducted for Australian Broadcasting Corporation

Report Number: B050401

Test Location: 600 Coronation Drive, Toowong, Qld 4066 Australia. Transmitter Type: TV and Radio Studios Transmitter Frequency: Various ACA Site Number: 12906 Client Contact: Mr. Gary Crane Phone: 07 3377 5494 Test Standards: ARPANSA Radiation Protection Standard

Radiation Protection Series No.3: “Maximum Exposure Levels to Radiofrequency Fields- 3 kHz to 300 GHz”. AS/NZS 2772.2: 1988 Radio Frequency Radiation Part 2: Principles and methods of measurement- 300 kHz-100 GHz.

Test Dates: 4th, 5th, 6th and 11th April 2005 Report Issue Date: 2nd May 2005 Client: Australian Broadcasting Corporation Address: 600 Coronation Drive,

Toowong, Qld Australia 4066 Phone: 07 3377 5494 Fax: 07 3377 5415

Test Officer: Michael Evans

Authorised Signatory: Chris Zombolas

Technical Director EMC Technologies Pty Ltd



Electromagnetic Radiation Survey Conducted for

Australian Broadcasting Corporation

Report Number: B050401 1.0 INTRODUCTION

A Radio Frequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation (EMR) measurement survey was performed at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) Studios in Toowong, Queensland, Australia. This report contains the results of the RF fields measured at all work areas at the Toowong site. The purpose of this assessment was to determine if any RF radiation hazards exist for the workers at the site. The survey areas are indicated in Appendix A. The measured RF field levels were compared to the exposure limits of the ARPANSA Radiation Protection Standard [Section 2.1]. The individual transmitters and towers were not assessed, only the areas away from the transmitters in the various offices and studios that exist on the site. The measured RF field levels in all work areas of the site were well within the maximum allowable exposure limits set by the ARPANSA Radiation Protection Standard. All results in this report are indicative only of the time that they were recorded, as actual exposure levels are cumulative and are dependent on the power output from all the transmitters at the site and in the vicinity of the site.

2.0 STANDARDS, REGULATIONS AND DEFINITIONS

2.1 Reference Standards and Regulations Human Exposure Standard published by ARPANSA The Radiation Protection Standard for Maximum Exposure Levels to Radiofrequency Fields – 3 kHz to 300 GHz (2002), published by the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) and referred to as the ARPANSA standard, sets limits for human exposure to RF fields to prevent adverse health effects. The ARPANSA Standard specifies limits for occupational and general public exposure. It also stipulates equipment and usage parameters in order to assist in the determination of compliance with the specified limits.

Portable Radio Transmitters, Mobile Stations and RF Transmitter Devices The Australian Communications Authority (ACA) Radiocommunications (Electromagnetic Radiation - Human Exposure) Standard 2003 is the mandatory standard for equipment compliance with the Radiocommunications Act 1992. It mandates the provisions of the ARPANSA standard for specific devices equipment employing radio transmitters. Examples include mobile phones, cordless phones, walkie-talkies, wireless local area network equipment and wireless microphones. Apparatus and Transmitters The ACA Radiocommunications Licence Conditions (Apparatus Licence) Determination 2003 known as the LCD, sets out the conditions for the ACA licence to operate transmitting equipment. To ensure that members of the general public are not exposed to potentially hazardous RF fields, the LCD mandates the General Public/non-occupational limits of the ARPANSA standard for individual transmitting antennas. The ACA website has further information: http://www.aca.gov.au/standards/index.htm.



RF Field Measurements and Evaluations- Methodology The Australian Standard AS 2772.2:1988 Radio Frequency Radiation, Part 2: Principles and Methods of Measurements – 300kHz to 100GHz, specifies techniques and instrumentation for the measurement of potentially hazardous electromagnetic sources. The measurements were performed in accordance with this standard.

2.2 Definitions

Occupational Exposure No occupationally exposed person, aware user or person in a controlled area, is to be exposed to RF fields that exceed the occupational exposure limits. Occupational exposure may only occur when the person being exposed is a trained RF worker. An RF worker is a person who may be exposed to RF fields under controlled conditions, in the course of and intrinsic to the nature of their work. Such persons are subject to the requirements of Section 5.1 of the ARPANSA standard. General Public Exposure No member of the general public is to be exposed to RF fields in excess of the general public limits. This definition excludes occupational exposure, exposure of aware users, and medical exposure. This definition includes all persons that are not trained RF workers that may be exposed to RF fields. Reference Levels – General Public/Non-occupational Reference levels for Non-occupational/General Public Exposure means the reference levels mentioned in section 2.4 of the ARPANSA standard and in Tables 7 and 8, and the notes to Tables 7 and 8 of the ARPANSA standard.

2.3 Exposure Limits for This Survey

The worst case maximum exposure levels (Non Occupational) are given in Table 7 of the ARPANSA standard as shown below. The limits are given as Reference Levels which vary with the frequency. The General Public exposure category is applicable for this survey.

Figure 1 ARPANSA Standard, Table 7: Reference Levels for Time Averaged Exposure To

RMS Electric and Magnetic Fields (Unperturbed Fields)

Exposure category

Frequency range E-field strength

(V/m rms)

H-field strength

(A/m rms)

Equivalent plane wave power flux density Seq

(W/m²) Occupational 100 kHz – 1 MHz 614 1.63 / f - 1 MHz – 10 MHz 614 / f 1.63 / f 1000 / f (see note 5) 10 MHz – 400 MHz 61.4 0.163 10 (see note 5) 400 MHz – 2 GHz 3.07 x f0.5 0.00814 × f0.5 f / 40 2 GHz – 300 GHz 137 0.364 50 General Public

100 kHz – 1 MHz 86.8 4.86 -

100 kHz – 1 MHz 86.8 0.729 / f - 1 MHz – 10 MHz 86.8 / f 0.5 0.729 / f - 10 MHz – 400 MHz 27.4 0.0729 2 (see note 6 and 7) 400 MHz – 2 GHz 1.37 × f 0.5 0.00364 × f 0.5 f / 200 2 GHz – 300 GHz 61.4 0.163 10



Notes:

1) f is the frequency in MHz.

2) For frequencies between 100 kHz and 10 GHz, Seq, E² and H² must be averaged over any 6 minute period.

3) For frequencies exceeding 10 GHz, Seq, E² and H² must be averaged over any 9.6 × 104 / f

1.05 minute period (see note 1).

4) Spatial averaging of the time averaged reference levels of Table 7 should be performed according to the requirements of clause 2.7.

5) For occupational exposure, E and H reference levels of Table 7 are given in plane wave ratio

at frequencies greater than or equal to 1 MHz. However, for many occupational exposure situations, equivalent plane wave power flux density is not an appropriate metric if ‘far-field’ exposure conditions do not apply. Survey meters may be calibrated in terms of W/m², but both E and H will generally require independent measurement and evaluation if measured in the near-field.

6) For general public exposure E and H reference levels of Table 7 are given in plane wave ratio

at frequencies greater than or equal to 10 MHz. However, equivalent plane wave power flux density is not an appropriate metric if ‘far-field’ exposure conditions do not apply. Survey meters may be calibrated in terms of W/m², but both E and H will generally require independent measurement and evaluation if measured in the near-field.

7) This note is not an extract from the ARPANSA standard. The frequency range 10 MHz to

400 MHz has the most conservative (lowest) reference levels. When broadband measurements are performed using a broadband field probe, compliance is established for the frequency range of the broadband probe if the E-field level is less than 27.4 V/m and the H-Field level is less than 0.0729 A/m.



Figure 2

ARPANSA Standard Table 8: Reference Levels for Exposure to Instantaneous RMS Electric and Magnetic Fields (Unperturbed Fields)

Exposure category

Frequency range E-field strength

(V/m rms)

H-field strength

(A/m rms)

Equivalent plane wave power flux density Seq

(W/m²) Occupational 3 kHz – 65 kHz 614 25.0 - 65 kHz – 100 kHz 614 1.63 / f - 100 kHz – 1 MHz 3452 × f 0.75 9.16 / f 0.25 - 1 MHz – 10 MHz 3452 / f 0.25 9.16 / f 0.25 (109 / f )0.5 (see note 4) 10 MHz – 400 MHz 1941 5.15 10 000 (see note 4) 400 MHz – 2 GHz 97 × f 0.5 0.258 × f 0.5 25 × f 2 GHz – 300 GHz 4340 11.5 50 000 General Public

3 kHz – 65 kHz 86.8 4.86 -

65 kHz – 100 kHz 488 × f 0.75 4.86 - 100 kHz – 1 MHz 488 × f 0.75 3.47 / f 0.178 - 1 MHz – 10 MHz 488 × f 0.25 3.47 / f 0.178 - 10 MHz – 400 MHz 868 2.30 2 000 (see note 5) 400 MHz – 2 GHz 43.4 × f 0.5 0.115 × f 0.5 5 × f 2 GHz – 300 GHz 1941 5.15 10 000

Notes:

1) f is the frequency in MHz.

2) For the specific case of occupational exposure to frequencies below 100 kHz, and where adverse effects from contact with passively or actively energised conductive objects can be excluded such that Table 9 would not apply (refer Note 3 Table 9), the derived electric field strength can be increased by a factor of 2.

3) The E and H reference levels in Table 8 are instantaneous rms values and for purposes of

compliance determination, measurements are to be rms averaged over any 1 µs period. However, at frequencies below 100 kHz, measurements may be rms averaged over any 100 µs period or, below 10 kHz, at least one single cycle of the carrier frequency.

4) For occupational exposure, E and H reference levels of Table 8 are given in plane wave ratio

at frequencies greater than or equal to 1 MHz. However, for many occupational exposure situations, equivalent plane wave power flux density is not an appropriate metric if ‘far-field’ exposure conditions do not apply. Survey meters may be calibrated in terms of W/m², but both E and H will generally require independent measurement and evaluation if measured in the near-field.

5) For general public exposure E and H reference levels of Table 8 are given in plane wave ratio

at frequencies greater than or equal to 10 MHz. However, equivalent plane wave power flux density is not an appropriate metric if ‘far-field’ exposure conditions do not apply. Survey meters may be calibrated in terms of W/m², but both E and H will generally require independent measurement and evaluation if measured in the near-field.



3.0 MEASURMENT METHODOLOGY 3.1 Measurement Equipment

Figure 3 : Equipment List

Equipment Manufacturer Model No. Serial No. Calibration due

Freq Range

E-Field Probe

Wandel & Goltermann EMR-20 C-0073 4 May 2006 100kHz - 3 GHz

E-Field Probe Narda EMR-300 AS-0066 21 April 2006 10MHz - 45 GHz

H-Field Probe

Wandel & Goltermann EMR-300 N-0055 29 April 2006 100kHz - 30 MHz

3.2 Transmitting Equipment at the site The following is a list is of the transmitters identified at the site. This list was compiled using

the ACA license database and information supplied by personnel in the Tech Services section of the ABC studios Toowong. Several Department of Defence frequencies are listed on the ACA database. This is an apparent error because it is known that they are not present at the site.

Figure 4: Transmitter List Frequency Transmit / Receive Description Operation Type

Continuous / PTT 8.1034950 GHz Transmit Optus Telephone link in

Links room Continuous

128.9000000 MHz Transmit and Receive

Unknown N/A

23.3310000 GHz Receive Radio STL Continuous

474.2750000 MHz Transmit Studio or OB Talk Back (floor manager’s radio)

Continuous

474.5750000 MHz Transmit Studio or OB Talk Back (floor manager’s radio)

Continuous


VHF comms PTT


VHF comms PTT


VHF comms PTT

8.0738450 GHz Transmit TV STL Continuous

7.8811250 GHz Receive TV STL Rx Continuous

12.8630000 GHz Receive Unknown N/A

8.1627950 GHz Transmit Optus Not operational at time

7.7921750 GHz Receive Optus Not operational at time

7.8514750 GHz Receive Optus Not operational at time

22.0990000 GHz Transmit Radio STL Continuous

479.4750000 MHz Receive Studio or OB Talk Back (floor manager’s radio)

Continuous

479.7750000 MHz Receive Studio or OB Talk Back (floor manager’s radio)

Continuous

8.1924450 GHz Transmit TV STL Continuous



Figure 4: Transmitter List - continued 37.9120000 GHz Receive Possibly PABX Link Continuous

505.4875000 MHz Transmit OB Comms Outside Broadcasts only

515.4875000 MHz Receive OB Comms Outside Broadcasts only











125 kHz Transmit Security Card Readers Continuous

14GHz Transmit (8 Watts) TV Satellite Interchange Continuous

3.3 Location of Measurements All work areas in buildings shown in Appendix A in the shaded areas.

3.4 Measurement Procedure

Broadband measurements of the RF field strength were performed over the frequency range 100 kHz to 45 GHz. This included all RF Electric Fields (E-fields) within the frequency range of 100 kHz – 45 GHz and RF Magnetic Fields (H-Fields) in the range 100 kHz -30 MHz. The RF Fields were measured using calibrated broadband probes.

3.5 Limitations of This RF Fields Survey

The purpose of the survey was to verify that cumulative emissions from the RF transmitters on the site and in the vicinity of the site were below the reference levels (limits) specified by the ARPANSA standard. The instrument sensitivity (noise floor) is limited to 2 V/m for E-Fields however this is adequate because the lowest reference level is 27.4 V/m. Levels below 2 V/m can only be measured accurately by means of narrowband measurements using spectrum analysers and receivers. In order to show compliance with the ARPANSA E-Field reference levels, it is only necessary to show that broadband E-fields are below 27.4 V/m. (Refer to ARPANSA standard Table 7 or Figure 1 in this report.) It was not possible for the large 7 metre dish to be operating all of the time due to the normal operation of the TV/Radio station. The RF fields were verified in the Newsroom and ABC Online areas whilst the satellite was operational. These areas were considered by the ABC to be regions of concern because they were directly below the satellite dish.

4.0 RESULTS

The RF fields within the ABC studios site were compared to the General Public/Non-Occupational limits which are the most conservative limits set by the ARPANSA standard.

4.1 RF Field Levels (Broadband) around the Card Readers

The RF fields associated with the operation of the security access card readers are tabulated below. The card readers operate at 125 kHz and are designed to emit a magnetic field. While the field levels appeared to be high in close proximity to the card readers, the time averaged and spatially averaged levels were below the limits.



4.1.1 Magnetic Field Levels (H-Field)

The magnetic fields measured at the closest point accessible (by the measurement probe) were below the ARPANSA reference levels. The results are shown in figure 5.

Figure 5: H-Field Levels Close to Card Readers Operating at 125 kHz

Card Reader

Measured H-Field

A/m

H-Field Reference Level ARPANSA Tables 7 & 8

A/m

Result

Newsroom 1.93 4.86 complies

TV Building 1.17 4.86 complies

ABC Online 1.78 4.86 complies

Marketing 0.645 4.86 complies

4.1.2 Electric Field Levels (E-Field)

Electric fields were measured at a distance of 5 cm from the card reader. Measurements with conventional E-field probes at closer distances would not be valid. The E-field levels were spatially averaged in accordance with the ARPANSA standard section 2.7. The results are shown in Figures 6,7,8,and 9. The “chest” position was taken as 5 cm from the card reader. The “head” and “groin” positions were taken as 30 cm and 40 cm respectively from the card reader. The results were found to comply with the non-occupational/General Public provisions of the ARPANSA standard.

Figure 6: Newsroom

E-Field Levels Close to Card Reader Operating at 125 kHz Measured Field

& position

V/m

E-Field Reference Level

ARPANSA Tables 7 & 8

V/m

Spatial Peak Reference Level =

20 ×E-Field Reference Level

V/m

Result

Head 2.0

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies

Chest 37.4

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies

Groin 2.0

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies

Spatial Average 13.8

86.8 and 102.6

Complies

Figure 7: TV Building E-Field Levels Close to Card Reader Operating at 125 kHz

Measured Field &

Position

V/m



V/m



V/m

Result

Head 2.0

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies

Chest 31.8

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies

Groin 2.0

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies


86.8 and 102.6

Complies



Figure 8: ABC Online E-Field Levels Close to Card Reader Operating at 125 kHz

Measured Field &

Position

V/m



V/m



V/m

Result

Head 2.0

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies

Chest 33.5

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies

Groin 2.0

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies


86.8 and 102.6

Complies

Figure 9: Entry Gate

E-Field Levels Close to Card Reader Operating at 125 kHz Measured Field

& position

V/m



V/m



V/m

Result

Head 24.5

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies

Chest 121.3

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies

Groin 16.8

86.8 and 102.6

458.8

Complies


86.8 and 102.6

Complies

4.2 RF Field Levels Around Floor Manager’s Radio System.

On the first floor of the TV building, two aerials hang from the floor over a walkway on the ground floor. These are for the communication system for the floor manager’s radio. At a distance of less than 5 cm, the levels from the transmit aerial may exceed the ARPANSA limits. A warning sign is in place informing of the potential hazard but it has been attached to the receive antenna and not the transmit antenna. The levels were verified as being the same as found by THL in their RF Hazard Control Document date 16th February 2004. No person should be within 50mm of this aerial.

4.3 RF Field Levels near Jo-Anne Youngleson’s desk. A specific request was made to measure the fields next to a cable tray running in a wall near

Jo-Anne Youngleson’s desk in the newsroom general office area. The location can be seen in the plans in Appendix A. The levels in this area were less than 2V/m and were well below the lowest ARPANSA reference level of 27.4 V/m.

4.4 RF Field Levels (Broadband) in other areas.

The levels found in all other work areas were found to be less than 2V/m except for areas inside the OB Van (3-4V/m maximum) and on the steps to the OB Van (7 V/m). The only other area found to be over 2V/m was an area in the offices located in the OB offices where a maximum of 4V/m was recorded near the wall where the vans are parked. The rooftop was investigated with all transmitters operational including the Satellite dish but not the Push to Talk radios. No level over 2V/m was recorded. All recorded levels were well below the lowest ARPANSA reference level of 27.4 V/m.



5.0 CONCLUSION

RF field measurements were performed at the ABC studios, Toowong, Queensland. The results show that all work areas surveyed complied with the ARPANSA RPS3 standard.



APPENDIX A Ares of measurement

Middenbury House

= Area of Measurement



Radio Building Ground Floor



Woodhouse Building – First Floor Plan



Woodhouse Building – Ground Floor Plan



Media House



Sub Station and ATCO Hut



TV Building Lower Ground Floor



TV Building Ground Floor

Cables run in this support post near Jo-Anne Youngleson’s desk

Approx position of Jo-Anne Youngleson’s desk



TV Building First Floor

Tx Rx

Floor managers 2-way radio link (always active). Levels and protection distances as in THL RF Hazard Control Document report dated 16th February 2004.



Riverside Block – Mezzanine Floor Plan



Riverside Block – Lower Ground Floor Plan



OB Garage

7.5V/m

Outside Broadcast trailer studio. 4V/m max inside van

4V/m max along wall. Probably due to large power cables feeding outside broadcast trailer studio



APPENDIX B

Photo of ABC Toowong Site

Broadcast House

Local Radio

Radio National

Triple J

Radio Master Control

Middenbury

State Director

Finance

Human Resources

Riverside

Marketing

HR Operations

Australian Story

Outside Broadcast

Camera Room

Despatch

Property

Canteen

News Precinct

TV News

Radio News

Stateline

Online News

TV Building

Television Studios (41 & 42)

Landline

Graphics

Production Resources

Technology & Distribution

Captioning

Presentation

TV Master Control

Woodhouse Building

Archives & Library

Training

ABC – Towong Qld



APPENDIX C

Photo of Set-up for card reader measurements

Main Gate

Newsroom Entrance in Reception area

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