1

CONTENTS

• Introduction

• Electric Locomotive Divisions

• Transmission System

• Traction System

• Parts of Locomotive

• Advantages

• Conclusion

2

•An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or on-board energy storage such as a battery or fuel cell.

•Electric locomotive is classified into two categories. The first type of vehicle receives power from a distribution network while the second type of vehicle generates own power. In the second category comes a diesel engine electric drive.

INTRODUCTION

3

DIVISION OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE

Electric Locomotive

Transmission Traction System Internal Working

4

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

5

PANTOGRAPH

Pantograph is a current collecting device which is mounted on both ends of locomotive roof on insulator and collect the current from Over Head Extension and supply it to power system of locomotive at various speed and different climate/wind condition smoothly.

TRACTION

6

CIRCUIT BREAKER

The high voltage circuit breaker is special type of electro pneumatic contactor mounted on the roof of the loco. The electrical equipment of the loco is connected to or disconnected from the OHE by means of the circuit breaker.

7

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF LOCOMOTIVE

8

TRANSFORMER

• An essential

requirement for

locomotives and trains

using AC power, where

the line voltage has to

be stepped down before

use on the train.

• Normally transformers

used are of rating 5600

kva to 7200 kva

PARTS OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE

9

RECTIFIER

•A rectifier consist of thyristors and

diodes which is used to convert AC to

DC.

•Instead of conventional bridge

rectifiers thyristors are used for smooth

operation at power level.

•A modern locomotive usually have at

least two, a "Main Rectifier" for the

power circuits and one or more for the

auxiliary circuits.

10

DC LINK

•Used on modern electronic

power systems between the

single phase rectifier and the

3-phase inverter.

• It is easier to convert the

single phase AC from the

overhead line to the 3-phase

required for the motors by

rectifying it to DC and then

inverting the DC to 3-phase

AC.11

ARNO CONVERTOR

• Arno converter is a device

which convert single phase

AC in to three phase AC.

• The three phase supply is

needed for the three phase

induction motors which are

used in blowers, exhausters

an oil pumps.

• Arno converter is rotating

device.

12

TRACTION MOTORS

•Direct-current motors with series field

windings were the oldest type of traction

motors.

•These provided a speed-torque characteristic

useful for propulsion, providing high torque at

lower speeds for acceleration of the vehicle, and

declining torque as speed increased.

•By arranging the field winding with multiple

taps, the speed characteristic could be varied,

allowing relatively smooth operator control of

acceleration. A further measure of control was

provided by using pairs of motors on a vehicle;

for slow operation or heavy loads, two motors

could be run in series off the direct current

supply.

13

• A variant of the DC system was the AC operated series motor, which is essentially the same device but operated on alternating current.

• Since both the armature and field current reverse at the same time, the behavior of the motor is similar to that when energized with direct current.

• To achieve better operating conditions, AC railways were often supplied with current at a lower frequency than the commercial supply used for general lighting and power; special traction current power stations were used, or rotary converters used to convert 50 or 60 Hz commercial power to the 16 2/3 Hz frequency used for AC traction motors.

Continued…

14

ADVANTAGES

Electricity is used to eliminate smoke and take advantage of the high

efficiency of electric motors; however, the cost of railway electrification

means that usually only heavily-used lines can be electrified.

The power for electric locomotives can come from clean and/or renewable

sources, including geothermal power, hydroelectric power, nuclear

power, solar power and wind turbines.

Electric locomotives benefit from the high efficiency of electric motors,

often above 90%. Additional efficiency can be gained from regenerative

braking, which allows kinetic energy to be recovered during braking to put

some power back on the line. Newer electric locomotives use AC motor-

inverter drive systems that provide for regenerative braking.

15

CONCLUSION

Finally, I can conclude that electric locomotives are playing a vital role in railway system till now.

The use of electric locomotives primarily came in order to reduce problems of smoke pollution.

Though electric locomotives are more efficient than steam and diesel locomotives, electrification of railway lines is expensive. For this reason, electric locomotives are used mainly for busy passenger lines.

16

• http://www2.hesston.edu/Physics/electricloco/eleclocop.html

(12/4/15)

• http://24coaches.com/locomotive-working-india/(12/4/15)

• http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4898637_electric-train-

work.html(10/4/15)

• http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-

equipment/electric locomotive.htm(08/4/15)

• http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/150033/how-

does-this-simple-electric-train-work(10/4/15)

REFERENCES

17

18