Elastic Network Functions: Opportunities and Challenges
Transcript of Elastic Network Functions: Opportunities and Challenges
UNIFY is co-funded by the European Commission DG CONNECT in FP7
Elastic Network Functions: Opportunities and Challenges
Robert Szabo (Ericsson Research) EU-FP7-UNIFY Project
Outline • ETSI
• Elastic VNF with ETSI
• SDN • Elastic VNF with ETSI + SND
• More SDN • A bit of UNIFY
• Elastic VNF with UNIFY
• Summary
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Network Function Virtualization (NFV) About faster, easier, more cost-effective deployment of services by:
• Building flexible topologies out of a mixture of virtual and dedicated Value Added Service components
• And delivering different sets of service to different traffic and different users
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ETSI NFV History • Established in February 2013 • Proposed, driven, and led by Operators • Under the Umbrella of the
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) • Is an Industry Specification Group
• write recommendations • identify gaps in existing technology specifications
• With over 200 operator and vendor members
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ETSI NFV Goals • Reduced operator CAPEX and OPEX through reduced equipment
costs and reduced power consumption • Reduced time-to-market to deploy new network services • Improved return on investment from new services • Greater flexibility to scale up, scale down or evolve services • Openness to the virtual appliance market and pure software
entrants • Opportunities to trial and deploy new innovative services at lower
risk
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ETSI NFV Architecture • Network Function
Virtualization Orchestrator (NFVO)
• Virtualized Infrastructure Manager (VIM)
• Mind • EMS, OSS, BSS
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ComputingHardware
StorageHardware
NetworkHardware
Hardware resources
Virtualisation Layer VIM
VNFManager(s)
VNF 2
OSS/BSS
NFVI
VNF 3VNF 1
Execution reference points Main NFV reference pointsOther reference points
Virtual Computing
Virtual Storage
Virtual Network
EMS 2 EMS 3EMS 1
Service, VNF and Infrastructure Description
Or-Vi
Or-Vnfm
Vi-Vnfm
Os-Ma
Se-Ma
Ve-Vnfm
Nf-Vi
Vn-Nf
Vl-Ha
NFVO
ETSI Management and Orchestration Framework
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• Separated resource management horizons: • NFV-Orchestrator • VNF-Management, • Virtualized
Infrastructure Management
ETSI NFV: Take Away • No change in traditional management functions
(OSS/BSS, EMS)
• Concern on how to move from physical network functions to virtualized
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Service Elasticity • Telecom cloud requires elastic scaling of VNFs based
on the dynamic service traffic load • Virtualization provides the elasticity to
scale up / down, scale out / in without any of the overhead of managing physical servers
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Elastic VNF • A VNF may not be designed for scaling
up/down as scaling up/down may require the restart of the VNF • states may be lost
• Any VNF may be capable for scaling in/out
• But good design creates small VM footprint to group VMs as a pool of one VNF function
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VNF VNF VNF
VNF
VNF VNF
UP --
DOWN
restart
restart
VNF
Example: IDS Scaling • Scale up
• stop, increase, start
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UP --
DOWN
restart
restart
Example: IDS Scaling • Scale out
• How to share the load?
• Service agnostic VNFM?
• EM aware of virtualization?
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VNF
VNF VNF VNF
VNF
VNF
Elastic VNF: Take Away
• Can virtualization be transparent w.r.t. EMS?
• Can NF scaling control be NF agnostic?
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UNIFY is co-funded by the European Commission DG CONNECT in FP7
Backgrounds: Software Defined Networking (SDN) Part 1
SDN: Problem Statement Control Plane Abstractions?
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Data Plane Abstractions
?
SDN: Problem Statement (cont’d) • Control plane must compute
forwarding state • Consistent with particular low-
level hardware/software • Based on entire network
topology • For all routers/switches
(i.e., must configure each one)
Requirements • Be compatible with low-level
hardware/software • Make decisions based on entire
network • Compute the configuration of
each physical device
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abstraction for
forwarding model
abstraction for network
state abstraction for configuration
SDN Abstractions • abstraction for forwarding model • abstraction for configuration
• abstraction for network state
• abstraction for forwarding model • abstraction for configuration
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SDN controller
Forwarding engine
Control plane
Data plane
Applications
NBIApplications
Control plane
SDN: Take Away • SDN Controller has no control logic but creates network
wide abstraction for control applications
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Example: IDS Scaling • Scale up
• stop, increase, start
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UP --
DOWN
restart
restart
Elastic VNF: Take Away
• Can virtualization be transparent w.r.t. EMS?
• Can NF scaling control be NF agnostic? • WHERE???
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UNIFY is co-funded by the European Commission DG CONNECT in FP7
Backgrounds: Software Defined Networking (SDN) Part 2
SDN Abstractions • abstraction for forwarding model • abstraction for configuration
• abstraction for network state
• abstraction for forwarding model • abstraction for configuration
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SDN controller
Forwarding engine
Control plane
Data plane
Applications
NBIApplications
Control plane
SDN Architecture • Logically centralized
control • Optimized resource usage
• Pragmatics • Controllers may federate
in hierarchical trees (or as peers)
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Management
Controller plane
Data plane
Management
SDN controller
Network element(≥ 1)
NE resources
ApplicationplaneSDN
application (≥ 1)
SDN applicationManagement
Management (OSS)
Coordinator
Coordinator Agent (≥ 1)
SDN control logic
(business agreements, credentials, policy, etc.)
Agent (≥ 1)...
Slide by courtesy of Dave Hood
SDN Management, Business Boundaries, Recursion
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SDN controller B
(Physical) data plane
Manager B
Customer G application
Controller plane (Virtual) data plane (Virtual) data plane
Customer R application
SDN controller G
(Physical) data plane
Manager G
SDN controller R
(Physical) data plane
Manager R
Controller plane
Controller plane (Virtual) data plane
B orchestrates control actions received on its (virtual) data
planes Slide by courtesy of Dave Hood
SDN Network Virtualization Virtualization is an abstraction performed on behalf of a particular client or app
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Red SDN controllerGreen SDN controller
Blue SDN controller
Green-1
Provider Blue’s network
Provider Blue’s internal virtualization for client Green
Further abstraction created by Green for its own purposes
Provider Blue’s internal virtualization for client Red
Disjoint
CPI CPI
CPI CPI
Slide by courtesy of Dave Hood
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G24
G25
G15
G16
R14
R20
R22
G21
R23
R19
R3
R2
G1
G4
R13
G18
SDN Virtualization &Recursion
G1
G4
G18 G21
G15
G16
G24
G25
Green-1 G15G16
G24G25
G1G4
G18 G21
SDNC Red
SDNC Green
SDNC Blue
SDNC Red
SDNC Green
SDNC Blue
SDNC Red
SDNC Green
SDNC Blue
(a) (b) (c)
Example of abstract network
Details of virtualization
Multi-Level SDN Virtualization
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GR3GR1 GR4
GR5
GR2
G15
G16
G24
G25
G1
G4
G18 G21
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• SDN is “mostly” about networking
• VIM is both software and networking
• No logical centralization in the MANO
SDN Controller++ with Virtualized “Data” Planes
ETSI MANO vs SDN
SDN: Take Away • SDN Controller has no control logic but creates network
wide abstraction for control applications • But it is assumed that an orchestrator ctrl app is included!
• Abstraction means virtualization for a particular client application
• Client == Northbound API consumer
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SDN Orchestrator “Agent 0”
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Management
Controller plane
Data plane
Management
SDN controller
Network element(≥ 1)
NE resources
ApplicationplaneSDN
application (≥ 1)
SDN applicationManagement
Management (OSS)
Coordinator
Coordinator Agent (≥ 1)
SDN control logic
(business agreements, credentials, policy, etc.)
Agent (≥ 1)...
UNIFY is co-funded by the European Commission DG CONNECT in FP7
UNIFYing Carrier Network and Cloud Resources http://fp7-unify.eu
UNIFY Design Principles • Logically centralized
control plane architecture (like SDN)
• Combine software & network abstraction to a joint • Virtualization • Programming
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• Logically centralized resource orchestration
• Joint software & network • Virtualization
• Programming
• Multi-level / recursive architecture
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UNIFY Architecture
Concept: Virtualization
• Big Switch & Big Software (BiS-BiS) Virtualization • Combined
compute & networking
• Virtualized “infrastructure view”
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Elastic Control Cf-Or presents similar resource control service as Sl-Or, but in a different context • optimized for NFs
instead of “management components”
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UNIFY Reference Points
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• Sl-Or
• Joint virtualization
• Joint programming
• Recursion
• Cf-Or • Elastic control
• Joint virtualization
• Joint programming
Joint:= compute & network
Elastic VNF: Take Away
• Can virtualization be transparent w.r.t. EMS?
• Can NF scaling control be NF agnostic? • WHERE??? • at a Resource Orchestrator
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So What? Infrastructure and tenant control is mixed up That is what virtualizers are good for May 21, 2015 Robert Szabo - keynote at SBRC 2015 57
ETSI NFV: Take Away • No change in traditional management functions
(OSS/BSS, EMS)
• Concern on how to move from physical network functions to virtualized
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SDN: Take Away • SDN Controller has no control logic but creates network
wide abstraction for control applications
• Abstraction means virtualization for a particular client application
• Client == Northbound API consumer
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Elastic VNF: Take Away • Can virtualization (elasticity) be transparent w.r.t. EMS?
• Yes, if controlled by an “app” as part of the realization of the NF
• Can NF scaling control be NF agnostic?
• at a Resource Orchestrator (like UNIFY)
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Challenges • Autonomous NF decomposition • Population of the elastic control interface • Security related to the elastic control interface
• Resource pool, user/service policies • Multi-level operations
• Elastic ctrl app controls an NF with elastic ctrl app… • Optimizations
• tenant vs infrastructure control • Predictable Performance
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Predictable Performance Assumptions • VNFs are part of a
VNF Forwarding Graph (VNF-FG)
• Multiple VNFs • End-to-end service
guarantees • Multiple NFVI-PoP
• High availability
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Data Protection Management (DPM)
Predictable Performance Scale out
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Data Protection Management (DPM)
Predictable Performance A better scale out See draft-zu-nfvrg-elasticity-vnf-01
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Data Protection Management (DPM)
Further Reading • IEEE Network, May 2015 (Special Issue on Network
Function Virtualization: Opportunities and Challenges).
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Acknowledgement UNIFY consortium (Nov 2013 – Apr 2016) Dave Hood for ONF/SDN slides Ericsson Brasil
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SMEs:
Universities:
Project Management:
Research Institutes:
Major Service Providers:
Coordinator