ELAEOCARPUS GANITRUS (RUDRAKSHA), THE AMAZING ...
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ELAEOCARPUS GANITRUS (RUDRAKSHA), THE AMAZING
ELECTROMAGNETIC BEAD OF NATURE TO REDEEM MANKIND
FROM DISEASE, SICKNESS AND MEDICINAL PROBLEM
Subhashish Tripathy*1, Anil Middha
2 and Sudhansu Ranjan Swain
3
1,2
Department Pharmaceutical Science OPJS University, Churu, Rajasthan- India.
3Moradabad Educational Trust Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad
Ylrededores, India.
ABSTRACT
Elaeocarpus Ganitrus is a large ever-green tree native to India, Nepal
and Indonesia is famous for its natural electromagnetic bead
commonly known as Rudraksha. According to Hindu Mythology this
tree activates our body energy wheal giving better harmony to body
and mind and better ability to our mental and physical power thereby
we get spiritual illumination. Due to its positive electromagnetic
property it control body bioelectrical energy there by heals chronically
various diseases like BP, Heart Rate and Diabetics, gynecological
problem, neurological disorders, mental problem, spiritual gain,
insomnia, rheumatism, Antiageing and immunomodulatory property.
This present review has been attempting to explain botanical, ethno medicinal,
pharmacological property of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus seed to current medicinal science arena.
KEYWORDS: Elaeocarpus Ganitrus, electromagnetic property, Rudraksha, Antiageing,
immunomodulatory property, bioelectrical energy.
INTRODUCTION
Elaeocarpus ganitrus Beads helps healing various body diseases chronically due to its
electromagnetic property, acupressure and biomagnetic therapy and piezoelectric effect
which mean that it has the ability to generate electric charge in response to applied
mechanical stress. When it touches to human body it control human bioelectric energy and
give the wearer better coordination with his body and mind giving better concentration,
WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
SJIF Impact Factor 6.041
Volume 5, Issue 9, 1079-1099 Review Article ISSN 2278 – 4357
*Corresponding Author
Subhashish Tripathy
Department
Pharmaceutical Science
OPJS University, Churu,
Rajasthan- India.
Article Received on
12 July 2016,
Revised on 01 August 2016,
Accepted on 22 August 2016
DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20169-7684
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mental strength and Antiageing property. According to yoga, meditation and Ayurveda,
There are seven wheel of energy in our body and proper harmony is necessary in these wheel
or energy chakras so that one can unleash true power of his brain.[1-3]
It is widely distributed
from Madagascar in the west through India, Southeast Asia, Malaysia, Southern China and
Japan, through Australia to New Zealand, Fiji and Hawaii in the east with its approximately
350 species.
Rudraksha beads are regarded as the timeless jewels of the gods and find
mention in ancient Purina’s and Upanishads as being the most powerful aid in the path of Self
realization. It shield us against negative energies some time we call as paranormal activity or
something happens beyond our human sensory channel like ghost, sprit, demons or such kind
of malevolent activity. Wearing Rudraksha beads help us activating our energy wheels so that
one can figure out things that are happening beyond human sensory channel like paranormal
activity which is beyond current scientific understanding sometimes actually occur.[4-6]
Fig 1: Elaeocarpus ganitrus plant and its bead Rudraksha
Elaeocarpus Species
Elaeocarpus is a genus belonging to family Elaeocarpaceae contains tropical and subtropical
evergreen trees and shrubs. Nearly 360 species of Elaeocarpus trees are found in different
parts of the world. It is widely distributed from Madagascar in the west through India,
Southeast Asia, Malaysia, Southern China and Japan, through Australia to New Zealand, Fiji,
and Hawaii in the east with its approximately 350 species. Various Phytochemical
investigations shows that the common Phytochemical present in Elaeocarpus sps are
Elaeocarpine, Isoelaeocarpine, Epiiisoelaeocarpiline, Myricitrin, Mearnsetin 3-O-β-D-
glucopyranoside cucurbitacins and Ellagic acid derivatives. The islands of Borneo and New
Guinea have the greatest concentration of species.[7-9]
Some common species with their
occurrence are as follows:
Table.1 Elaeocarpus ganitrus plant species and distribution
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Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.
Taxonomy
Kingdom: Plantae; Subkingdom: Tracheobionta; Superdivison; spermatophyta; Division:
Magnoliophyta; Class: Magnoliopsida; Subclass: Dillenlidae; Order: Malvales; Family:
Elaeocarpaceae; Genus: Elaeocarpus; Species: ganitrus. Botanical Source: Elaeocarpus
ganitrus Roxb.
Table. 2. Vernacular Name(s)
Sr. No. Species of Elaeocarpus Occurrence
1 Elaeocarpus aberrans New Guinea
2 Elaeocarpus acuminatus India
3 Elaeocarpus amoenus Sri Lanka
4 Elaeocarpus angustifolius Queensl and Australia
5 Elaeocarpus apiculatus China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines
6 Elaeocarpus blascoi India. Endangered
7 Elaeocarpus coorangooloo Queensland (Australia)
8 Elaeocarpus coriaceus Sri Lanka
9 Elaeocarpus crassus New Guinea
10 Elaeocarpus dentatus New Guinea
11 Elaeocarpus eumundii Australia
12 Elaeocarpus ganitrus rudraksh tree India, South-East Asia, Indonesia, New Guinea
13 Elaeocarpus gaussenii Southern India. Endangered
14 Elaeocarpus grandiflorus India, Indo-China, Malesia
15 Elaeocarpus hartleyi New Guinea
16 Elaeocarpus hedyosmus Sri Lanka
17 Elaeocarpus hookerianus Pokaka. New Zealand
18 Elaeocarpus holopetalus New South Wales, Victoria (Australia)
19 Elaeocarpus williumsianus NSW, Australia
20 Elaeocarpus variabilis Southern India
21 Elaeocarpus timikensis New guinea
22 Elaeocarpus taprobanicus Sri lanka
23 Elaeocarpus sylvestris Japan, Taiwan, China, Indochina
24 Elaeocarpus stipularis Indochina, malasia
25 Elaeocarpus sikkimensis India, Bhutan
26 Elaeocarpus serratus South asia
27 Elaeocarpus robustus India, Bangladesh
28 Elaeocarpus obovatus Australia
29 Elaeocarpus neobritannicus New Guinea
30 Elaeocarpus photiniaefolius Ogasawara island
31 Elaeocarpus montanus Sri lanka
32 Elaeocarpus miegei New Guinea
33 Elaeocarpus lanceifolius South Asia
34 Elaeocarpus kirtonii Australia
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English Litrasum bead
Bengali Rudrakaya
Hindi Rudraksha
Kannada Rudrakshi
Sanskrit Rudraksha
Tamil Aakkam
Telugu Akkamrudrakai
Greek Elaeocarpus
Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Plant description
Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb is the scientific name of Rudraksha plant which ripe blue fruit
yield rudrakhya.[10-11]
This species was named by Dr. William roxburgh and this scientific
name of the plant was taken from Greek words Elaei which means Wild olive, Carous means
fruit. It is a large evergreen broad leave tree found in tropical and subtropical areas at the
altitude ranging from sea cost to 2,000 meter above sea leveal. This tree have perennial
habitat which grows throughout the year. The Tree of Rudrakasha is about 50-200 feet
height. It may grow 14.60 meters to 29.20 meters tall due to the area and the
climate. The diameter of trunk is up to 1.22 meter. The main trunk of the
Rudrakasha tree is cylindrical with a grayish white and rough textured bark. In
Nature and in proper environmental condition leafy crown of a Rudrakasha tree
takes a pyramidal shape. Rudrakasha leaves are like mango plant and length is
about 17.78cm and width is between 2.54cm to 4.45cm. The leaves of Rudrakasha
tree are shinning green on the front side with a dull leathery back side. In the
beginning these leaves are light green in colors and turn into profound green at the
time of adulthood and turn into yellowish red before turning grey coffee color and
falling.[12-13]
This cycle of leaves continues all over the tree throughout the year.
Rudrakasha flowers are white with fringed petals and they come into view in April-
May. Flowers of the plant exhibit soft aroma or fragrance. The flowers of the
Rudrakasha appear in bunch but smaller than that of leaf.[14]
The flowers of the
Rudrakasha appear in bunch but smaller than that of leaf. Most of the Elaeocarpus
ganitrus seeds created from the plants more than 95% are five facets Rudrakasha and these
seeds price are economical, but one facets Elaeocarpus beads and the beads which are above
12 facets are very rare and most of time come with not affordable price.
Table. 3: Macroscopically Examination of leaf
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S. No Leaf Inspection and observation
1 Apex Acute
2 Base symmetric
3 Color Shining green
4 Margin Undulate
5 Shape Ovate
6 Size 5-6 inch in length, 2 inch broad
Table.4 Microscopical Examination of seed
S. No. Seed Inspection and observation
1 Color Blue when ripe
2 Texture Hard
3 Taste Sour
4 Shape Round, Bulbous
5 Size ½ -1 inch
Rudraksha According to Hindu Mythology
The word Rudraksha name comes from Hindu mythology according to summation of two
Sanskrit words "Rudra" meaning Lord Shiva and "Aksha" meaning Teardrops.
Rudraksha so means 'The Tear of Lord Shiva'. In Sanskrit Rudraksha means Rudraksha
fruit as well as Rudraksha tree. Holy Rudraksha beads have been scripted in various religious
Hindu texts like Shivmaha Purana, Shreemaddevibhagwat and Nirnayasindhoo, Padma
Purana, ling Purana, Ashtamalikopnishad and other religious written manuscript. It is believe
that Rudraksha as symbol of link between this earth and heaven. Rudraksha have been worn
by sages and yogis since Vedic times for their profound spiritual significance and powerful
healing properties and consider as divine treasure for mankind and need to be cherished. The
unique properties and divine powers of Rudraksha have been described in the authentic
Shasta’s like the Rudraksha Jabala Upanishad, Padma Purana, Shiva Purana, Devi Purana and
Bhagavat Purana. According to holy religious manuscript it helps human achieve all they
want like a healthy mind, body and soul, a affluent life that many dream of and only some
achieve and a blissful soul.[15-17]
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Fig.2 Rudraksha affecting body energy wheal
Elaeocarpus Ganitrus physical chemical constituent
It shows the presence of epidermis, parenchymatous cells, vascular bundle, lateral vein,
unicellular trichomes calcium oxalate crystals, xylem and phloem. The preliminary
Phytochemical studies for Ethanolic extracts of Elaeocarpus ganitrus show the presence of
Protein, Amino acid Alkaloids, Glycosides, Flavanoids, tannins phytosterols and
carbohydrates. Main chemical constituent is Quercetin and Stigma sterol, Iso palmitic oil, Iso
stearic oil.
The Rudraksha beads are mainly plant product that contains Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen,
Nitrogen and different trace elements in a combined form.[18-19]
The gaseous elements in the
following proportion:
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Table. 5 Basic Element of Rudraksha
Elements Percentage
Carbon 50.024%
Hydrogen 17.798%
Nitrogen 0.9461%
Oxygen 30.4531%
Ehthnomedicinal Uses
Rudraksha beads have several amazing powers due to their electromagnetic properties.
Wearing it affects the body and performs healing of various diseases due to its
electromagnetic impulse. As per Ayurvedic system of medicine, wearing Rudraksha beads
relieves strain, insomnia, anxiety, lack of concentration, depression, palpitation, hypertension,
rheumatism, infertility and asthma and has also anti- aging effect.[20-21]
According to mukhi
or natural grooves present in Elaeocarpus beads it possesses different type of
pharmacological effects in our body. In most biological studies undertaken, extracts of
Elaeocarpus ganitrus exhibited wide range of pharmacological activities and are identified as
active against specific biological targets during large scale screening of multiple plant
extracts. Literature reports are available on various pharmacological activities which include
analgesic and anti-inflammatory, CNS activities, typical behavioral actions, sedative,
tranquillizing, hypnosis potentiating, antidepressant, antiasthma tic, anti-diabetic, cardio
stimulation, antihypertensive, anticonvulsant, etc.[22-23]
Theory of Rudraksha bioelectrical energy control by electromagnetism
Magnetic fields upon the body help to energize and boost the rate of circulation stimulating
nutrient rich blood flow thus invigorating our body metabolism by oxygenating the organs
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providing muscle and tissue more oxygen for mental and physical vigor while accelerating
the removal of body waste, flushing out unwanted toxins releasing more endorphins, the body
natural pain killers promoting repair and stimulating faster healing. It also improves the
body’s anti-infective activity and enhancing immunity normalizes endocrine production.[24-26]
Magnetic field al so affect enzyme production and utilization for reducing swelling, stiffness
and acidity from wounds helping in reducing inflammation. Static magnetic fields also
stimulate collagen density in and around the joints heal bones and alleviate chronic pain. In
the absence of a magnetic field the level of charge of subatomic particles diminishes,
resulting in the reduced overall charge of atoms[32]
the beneficial healing properties of
magnets are an established factor. Rudraksha have positive electromagnetic properties. It has
been proved in modern scientific lab that it has both paramagnetic and diamagnetic
properties. It has unique attribute of having capability to change its polarity. This
characteristic is called dynamic polarity. In Rudraksha the magnetic property is due to the
diamagnetism, the ability of any substance to acquire temporary magnetic property in
presence of an external magnetic field. The polarity of the charge induced is meant for
eternity opposite to that of the external field inducing the charge.
The whole human being behaves as a compound bio-electric circuit consisting of nervous
system and other organs.[27-28]
A vast quantity of electrical impulses are generated in the
human body because of continuous blood circulation and conduction of sensory and motor
impulses in nervous system which help contraction and relaxation of muscle fibers. These
electrical impulses are known as bio electrical energy. Harmonically controlled flow of this
bio-electric energy in the body provides better blood circulation. Rudraksha are name
according to natural grove present in it called as mukhi number of mukhi present in
Rudraksha changes electromotive force that influence our bio-electrical system. It resists the
flow of bio-electric current generated owing to potential difference between diverse organs or
parts of the body. This opposition generates an exact ampere of current flow based on the
factor of resistance. This control our heartbeat, reformation it and sending out precise
impulses to brain to influence certain bio-chemicals in the brain which brings positivity and
help us generating better relationship between body and mind.[29-30]
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Table.6 Traditional Use of Rudraksha
Medicinal use of Elaeocarpus beads according to Ayurveda
Types of Rudrakasha Uses
One Face Rudrakasha
It improves the concentration and mental constitution
of the wearer. Use for headache, heart disease, blood
pressure and right eye defect.
Two Faces Rudrakasha
Good for mental peace and pregnancy. Use for left eye
defect, diseases of heart, lung, brain, kidney and
intestine.
Three faces Rudrakasha
Recommended for: Blood defect, plague, small pox,
digestive problems, blood pressure, weakness,
disturbed menstrual cycle, spontaneous abortion and
ulcer.
Four Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Mental disease, paralysis, arthritis,
yellow fever and nasal disease.
Five Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Bone marrow, liver, kidney, feet,
thigh, ear, diseases of fat and diabetes.
Six Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Eyes, reproductive organs, urinary
tract, prostate, mouth and throat.
Seven Faces Rudrakasha
Recommended for: Weakness, colic pain,
handicappers, pain in bone and muscles, paralysis, long
term disease, impotency, worries and hopelessness.
Eight Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Lung, feet, skin and eye catarrhisis,
hydrosol, airtracia.
Nine Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Lung diseases, fever, eye pain,
bowel pain, skin disease, body pain.
Ten Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Pacifying all the bad planets effect
on our body.
Eleven Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Maintenance of entire
neurophysiology.
Twelve Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Heart, lung and skin disease, hiatus
of stomach, esophagus and bowel problems.
Thirteen Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Meditation and spiritual
attainments
Fourteen Faces Rudrakasha Recommended for: Safety and riches, provides
miraculous cures to several ailments.
Fifteen Faces Rudrakasha
It is best for curing diseases like skin diseases,
recurring miscarriage, still birth etc. Fifteen mukhi
Rudraksha is measured as a blessing for women who
are incapable to imagine and in such case both the
partner should wear it for fruitfulness.
Sixteen Faces Rudrakasha It is used for curing the diseases like leprosy,
tuberculosis, cor-pulmonale, lung diseases, etc.
Seventeen Faces Rudrakasha It is best for the treating diseases like memory lapse,
body functional disorders, etc.
Eighteen Faces Rudrakasha Its treatment is best for prevent and curing diseases
like mental in harmonization, loss of power, etc.
Nineteen Mukhi Rudraksha Nineteen Mukhi Rudrakasha eradicate the diseases like
blood disorder, spinal disorder etc.
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Twenty Mukhi Rudrakasha It is used as medical cure for eyesight problem and
snake bites.
Twenty One Mukhi Rudrakasha
Only twenty one Mukhi Rudraksha has deep-rooted
medical healing and it eliminates every form of
diseases.
Trijuti/Tribhagi Rudrakasha Trijuti Rudrakasha is best for keeping diseases like
internal and external body disorders at bark.
Gauri Shankar Rudrakasha It is used for the treatment of diseases like sexual
problems, behavioral disorders, etc.
Ganesh Rudrakasha It is used for wisdom, learning, prudence and power.
Methods for Identification of real Elaeocarpus Ganitrus bead Rudraksha
Rudraksha bead are very rare and precious. Most percentage Rudraksha produce from plant
are five faces but Rudraksha Price are high if no face increase from more than ten or only one
face present. Due to high demand duplicate Rudraksha bead are also present in market and
this replica of Rudraksha bead demand scientific test to identify its originality.[31-32]
Properties Test
This test is mean to give information that whether the beads show properties like inductance,
capacitance, conduction of electric current etc.
Cut Test
It is most reliable and trusted methods but bead get damage no further use. Elaeocarpus
ganitrus bead cut horizontally for this technique. When it will be cut one locate the same
number of section as the number of lines. Drawback of this method is that bead gets spoiled.
Eye test
From time to time the fake or the artificial Elaeocarpus ganitrus seed may seem same as real
one, but these counterfeit Rudraksha facets cannot be made as real as those present on the
real Rudraksha. This is a natural partition on Rudraksha which just like the Natural grove.
One can see these deep linings (facets) with the help of a magnifying glass (Lenses).
Copper Coin Test
Normally it is thought that when an Elaeocarpus ganitrus bead is placed between two copper
coins it will slightly rotate either clockwise or the anticlockwise direction. This phenomenon
occurs due to physical and magnetic properties of the Rudraksha beads.
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X-Ray
In X-ray technique one can see the internal structure without destructive the beads. X-ray test
is done without complication for Rudraksha up to nine Mukhi but complex Mukhi beads may
not give 100% accurate results due to overlapping of the internal seeds.
Water test
Some of the rare Rudraksha beads like Gauri Shankar or a trijuti can be made by synthetically
joining two or three Rudraksha with help of glue etc. kept in boiling water for some minutes.
A sharp strip will obtain at the joint in case of synthetic Rudraksha.
CT scanning
CT scanning is sophisticated method for identification of Rudraksha but it is more expensive
than X-ray but clear result can get for higher face Rudraksha.
Pharmacological Study of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus
a) Rudraksha novel evaluation, Nano silver synthesis with Aspects of Variation in
Concentration Antimicrobial activity and in Vitro Biocompatibility study
The extraordinary non-degradable distinctive features of the Rudraksha bead renders
reutilization of its resources and inexhaustibility of its potentiality to mediate countless
silvernanoparticle synthesis. Experimental study was done high prospects of maneuvered
nano silver manufactured for many essential applications. In this nano regime author bring a
glorious green route for flabbergasting silver nanoparticles fabrication with the intervention
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of five faced seed Rudraksha. With the variation in concentration of the precursor as well as
the mediator on the physicochemical nature of silver nanostructure its antimicrobial activity
together with the issue of its biocompatibility is analyzed. The Rudraksha extract were
prepared and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles were conducted and different parameter
were studied together with various characterization. The silver nanoparticles produced are
mainly spherical with different size. There exists also variation in size and silver content
depending upon the concentration of precursor and mediator. The nano silver produced is
very high and with good biocompatibility so Rudraksha have incessant biocompatible nano
silver production.[33]
b) Evaluation of anti-Parkinson effect of E. ganitrus
Rota rod and catalepsy bar tests method was followed by author for evaluation of anti-
Parkinson effect of E. ganitrus. Assessment of oxidative stress was done by counting the
malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the striatal area of the
brain. One-way ANOVA was used to notice statistical importance, followed by post-hoc
Tukey test. Results: E. ganitrus (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) pretreated groups considerably
amplified the retention time in rota rod test (p<0.001) and considerably decreased the latency
period in catalepsy bar test (p<0.001), when compared with haloperidol treated group alone.
E. ganitrus (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) pretreated groups give significant anti-oxidative effect
by affecting a reduction in brain MDA levels (p<0.001) and a significant boost in GSH levels
(p<0.001). The results of the study reveal that E. ganitrus has antioxidant activity and showed
affirmative results in both behavioral parameters (Rota rod test and catalepsy bar test) in
MPTP induce investigational model of Parkinson’s disease. E. ganitrus found to be
successful in increasing Rota rod performance and decreasing catatonic reacts.[34]
c) In vitro antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract of E. ganitrus leaves
Author done the In vitro antimicrobial activity of aqueous extract of E. ganitrus leaves
against clinical isolates of bacteria and fungi. The extract show extensive antimicrobial act as
it show growth inhibition designed for Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia
coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp,
Candida albicans and C. tropicalis. Agar well diffusion method is used for determining
antibacterial activity of the crude extracts for that aqueous extract of E. ganitrus leaves was
tested for antibacterial activity against three gram positive (B. cereus S.aureus and M. luteus)
and three gram negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa, E. coli and K. pneumoniae), isolated from
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the experimental sample. The extract exhibited brilliant antibacterial activity next to all the
bacterial cultures excluding M. luteus. Antifungal activity of the crude extracts was examined
through the agar well diffusion method. Antifungal activity of the extract was tested
alongside three molds (Penicillium sp, A. niger and A. flavus) and two yeast (C. albicans and
C. tropicalis), isolated from scientific samples.[35]
d) Evaluation of immunomodulatory effects of methanol extract of Elaeocarpus
ganitrus seeds
The seeds of Rudraksha (Elaeocarpus ganitrus) have been conventionally used in India and
other Asian countries from ancient time. The methanolic extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus
seeds Rudraksha were evaluated for immunomodulatory activity using in vitro and in vivo
methodologies. Result of the extract at a range of concentrations (832 - 6.5 µg/ml) on
secretion of mediators like nitric oxide, superoxide and lysosomal enzyme from isolated
murine peritoneal macrophages were evaluated. The extract give important stimulation of
release of nitric oxide (at 416, 104, 52 µg/ml), superoxide (at 416, 208 µg/ml) and lysosomal
enzyme (at 208, 104 µg/ml). The extract was also evaluated for in vivo phagocytic activity by
carbon clearance test in mice and it show considerable increase in the phagocytic index at
100 and 200mg/kg dose. The outcome of the extract in delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH)
and antibody titre assay were tested in ovalbumin immunized mice. The extract showed
important stimulation of DTH response at 200 mg/kg dose and antibody titer at 100 and 200
mg/kg dose. The outcome of EGM extract in cyclophosphamide induced myelosuppressed
mice was not noteworthy. The results suggest that EGM influences both non-specific
(phagocytosis) and specific (cell mediated and humoral) arms of body immune structure36
.
e) Anxiolytic effects of Elaeocarpus sphaericus fruits on the elevated plus-maze model
of anxiety in mice
Author do the Anxiolytic effects of Elaeocarpus sphaericus fruits on the elevated plus-maze
model of anxiety in mice by the help of methanolic extract of Elaeocarpus sphaericus fruits at
the dose of 200 mg/kg amplified the percentage of time-spent and the percentage of arm
entries in the open arms of the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and decreased the percentage of
time-spent in the closed arms of EPM. Moreover, it prolonged the ketamine-induced latency
to sleep but had no noteworthy effects on total sleeping time induced by ketamine. in
addition, the locomotor activity was affected but not like the same extent as practical for
diazepam. The anxiolytic effects of methanol extract Elaeocarpus sphaericus fruits may be
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correlated to their content of Flavanoids. This study validates the traditional use of the plant
in control of anxiety.[37]
f) Antihypertensive effect of aqueous extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. Seeds in
renal artery occluded
Aqueous extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. Seeds Rudraksha powder was evaluated
designed for its antihypertensive action in renal artery occluded hypertensive rats. Male
Wistar rats (180-200g) were injected with aqueous extract of E. ganitrus for 6 weeks.
Hypertension was induced in animals by clamping the renal artery with renal bulldog clamp
for 4 h. Ischemia of the kidneys causes rise of blood pressure by launch of the renin-
angiotensin system. Elevated blood pressure of the animals was drastically increase renin-
angiotensin system radically.[38]
g) Evaluation of the Effect of Rudraksha (Elaeocarpus Ganitrus Roxb) In Adrenaline
and Nicotine Induced Hypertension
Author done the study to highlights the action of Rudraksha (Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb) in
experimentally induced acute hypertension by adrenaline and nicotine. Study was done in 6
anaesthetized cats having comparable body mass and age. 90% Ethanol extracts of
Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb was injected intravenously to cats. Blood pressure was measured
by using Pressure transducer and Polyrite (INCO). Elaeocarpus ganitrus (Roxb) reduces
adrenaline induced hypertension and also normal blood pressure; but it is not effective in
nicotine induced hypertension. The effect of the drug was found when the water soluble
portion of the extract was specified to cats in a dose of 15mg / kg body weight.[39]
h) Phytochemical Investigation of Fruit Extract of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus
Phytochemical Investigation of Fruit Extract of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus the study destined to
examine the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Ethanolic fruit extract of
medicinally important plant of Elaeocarpus ganitrus for finding of major bioactive
constituents. Experiment was conceded out in terms of qualitative and quantitative
assessment of phytoconstituent. The phenolic content was examined by using Folin-Ciocalteu
assay. The total Flavanoid was obtained spectro photo metrically by using the aluminum
chloride reagent. The acquiesced extraction value in Ethanolic fruit extracts was 28.65%. The
preliminary Phytochemical analysis outcome indicated the presence of alkaloids, glycosides,
phenolic compounds, Flavanoids, saponins, carbohydrates and fixed oils, excluding protein
and amino acids were missing in this extract. The total phenolic content was 232.24 mg of
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Gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per gram of Ethanolic fruit extract of E. ganitrus. The total
Flavanoid concentration was 91.42 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE) per gram of Ethanolic
extract. Phenolic and Flavanoid compounds have several prevailing biological activity, which
outline the requirement of their determination. Results revealed the occurrence of different
bioactive compounds which could be oppressed for their possible applications for medicinal
purposes.[40]
i) Phytochemical Evaluation and Antihyperglycemic Effects of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus
Roxb (Rudraksha) In Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes
The experimental study was intended for examining the constituents of essential oil of leaves
and evaluation of Phytochemical and Antihyperglycemic effect of methanolic seed extracts of
Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb. In Streptozotocin induced diabetes. Essential oil was extracted
from E. ganitrus leaves by Hydrodistilation and purified oil was implemented to GC-FID
analysis. Preliminary Phytochemical screening of various extracts of E. ganitrus seeds was
agreed out and antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract was evaluated in streptozotocin
injected diabetic rats. The results revealed which showed the presence of in total sixteen
constituents. The methanolic seed extract of E. ganitrus display potent antidiabetic activity
similar to the standard drug glybenclamide.[41]
j) Mast Cell Stabilizing Effect of Elaeocarpus sphaericus
Ethanolic extract of the fruits of Elaeocarpus sphaericus Rudraksha was found to have
shielding actions against (i) histamine aerosol induced on broncho constriction (ii) mast cells
degranulation induced by Compound 48/80 and (iii) active anaphylaxis. Author emphasize
that the findings are suggestive of potential use of E. sphaericus in bronchial asthma.[42]
k) Experimental Pathological Study of Cell Phone’s Harmful Effect and Protection by
Natural Electromagnetic seed Rudraksha
Radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RFEMF) produced by mobile phone is lethal to body
because 70% of human body is made of water and due to watery composition of our body the
radiation is absorbed in human body and sometime also cause cancer. But this can be
protected partially by natural electromagnetic bead known as Rudraksha. Author do the
pathological experimental study on four group of male people age 20-40 year person and
studied blood, BP, heart rate to notice mobile phones harmful effect and Rudraksha positive
effect on it.[43]
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l) Hypoglycemic and Antidiabetic Potential of Chitosan Aqueous Extract of
Elaeocarpus Ganitrus
Experimental studies were carried out in our laboratory to establish the antidiabetic potential
of chitosan based Extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus and antidiabetic activity of aqueous extract
of Elaeocarpus ganitrus. In the experimental study on rats were used for experimental
procedure. It was found that chitosan based leaf extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus produced
hypoglycemic effect in normal rats. The study indicates clinically important antidiabetic
activity of Elaeocarpus ganitrus in diabetic rats. Study indicates clinically significant
antidiabetic activity of Elaeocarpus ganitrus in diabetic rats. The chitosan based extract
improved the antidiabetic activity of Elaeocarpus ganitrus clearly demonstrating synergism.
This reduction of blood glucose is greater in diabetic rats when compared to normal rats.[44]
m) Estimation of Quercetin, an Anxiolytic Constituent, in Elaeocarpus ganitrus
Quercetin as the anxiolytic constituent of Elaeocarpus ganitrus used to standardize the plant
material. Quercetin was used as a reference standard for determining its content in E. ganitrus
beads by means of TLC densitometry. An HPTLC densitometric technique has been
urbanized to guess quercetin in E. ganitrus beads as a result that plant can be standardized on
the base of its bioactive marker. Two methods were followed projected for preparing the test
samples for determining the quercetin content. Firstly, quercetin was get in the ethanol
extract of the plant material. It was also determined in the acid hydrolyzed ethanol extract, in
order to free quercetin from its O-glycoside. Quercetin content in the hydrolyzed ethanol
extract (0.11% w/w) of E. ganitrus beads was found to be about 4 times more than in the
ethanol extract prepared by direct method (0.03% w/w). Results showed that quercetin occurs
in E. ganitrus beads in the form of glycoside. Found that Rudraksha contains indolizidine
type of Alkaloids.[45]
Two of the alkaloids are alike (-)-isoelaeocarpiline and (+)-
elaeocarpiline eariler isolated from E. dolichostylis. The other alkaloids are Elaeocarpidine,
(+)-Elaeocarpine, (+)-Isoelaeocarpin, (+)- Epiisoelaeocarpiline, (+) – Epiialloelaeocarpiline,
(-) – Alloelaeocarpiline, (+) – Pseudoepiisoelaeocarpiline, Rudrakine.
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1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8
9 10
11
12 13
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1. Elaeocarpidine, 2. (+)–Elaeocarpine, 3. (+)–Isoelaeocarpine, 4. (+)-Epielaeocarpiline, 5.
(-)- Alloelaeocarpiline, 6. (+)-Pseudoepiisoelaeocarpiline, 7.(+)-Epialloelaeocarpiline and
8.Rudrakin (9,10) Tannins(Leaf)- (9) Gallic acid (10) Ellagic acid (11)Flavanoids-Quercetin
1 (12, 13) Fatty acids(Seeds)- (12) Palmitic acid (13) Linoleic acid.
CONCLUSION
After studying all scientific manuscript it is concluded that different species of Elaeocarpus
are very important in the field of medical science due to the presence of their Phytochemical
which give high medicinal values. Most of these chemicals are alkaloids, Flavanoids, tannins,
glycosides and Ellagic acid derivatives. Various Elaeocarpus species have also been widely
studied for their various pharmacological activities like anti asthmatic, antidepressant,
Antianxiety, antidiabetic, ant oxidative, antiviral, antitumor and antihypertensive activities.
Rudraksha although appreciated from ancient time for medicinal property but very little
scientific experiment has done so far to reveal the true potential of Rudraksha. The
widespread investigation of literature exposed that Elaeocarpus ganitrus beads Rudraksha
when a person use like ornament, or jewelry touching the skin of our body it control wearer
bio electrical energy due to its Electromagnetic property. Its medicinal property can be
compare to the effect of Acupressure and magnetic therapy and require further scientific
investigation to revel true potential of this amazing electromagnetic bead.
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