EL PRETÉRITO. The preterit tense expresses an action, an event, or a state of mind that occurred...
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Transcript of EL PRETÉRITO. The preterit tense expresses an action, an event, or a state of mind that occurred...
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EL PRETÉRITO
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The preterit tense expresses an action, an event, or a state of mind that occurred and was completed at a specific time in
the past.
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Ayer vi una película de Indiana Jones
(Specific time/ complete action)
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Durante la película oí un teléfono
(during a specific period of time)
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La película empezó a las 4 de la tarde.
(beginning of an action)
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La película terminó a las 6 de la tarde.
(end of an action)
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Usos del Pretérito
1) To express an action that was completed at a specific time in the past Ej: Ayer vi la película de Indiana Jones
2) To express an event that occurred during a specific time in the past Ej: Durante la película oí un teléfono
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Usos del Pretérito
3) To express an action that began at a specific time in the past
Ej: La película empezó a las 4 de la tarde
4) To express an action that finished at a specific time in the past
Ej: La película terminó a las 6 de la tarde
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1) Verbs ending in –CAR, -GAR, -ZAR ONLY change the “Yo form”
c → qu - Yo expliQUÉ / Yo busQUÉ Yo toQUÉ
g → gu - Yo lleGUÉ / Yo juGUÉ
Yo paGUÉ
z → c - Yo empeCÉ / Yo comenCÉ Yo cruCÉ
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2) -er and -ir verbs whose stem ends in a vowel ONLY change “3rd person singular/ plural” (Él, Ella,Ud/ Ellos, Ellas, Uds)
i → y Ej: Caer, Creer, Leer, Oír, Poseer, Construir
Leí, Leíste, LeYó, Leímos, LeYeron Oí, oíste, oYó, oímos, oYeron
* Exception: “traer”
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Construí, Construiste, ConstruYó
Construimos, ConstruYeron
•Verbs that end in –UIR ONLY an accent is added to the i of the “yo form”. Ej: Construir, Contribuir, distribuir, huir
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3) –IR verbs have a stem changing in the 3rd person singular (Él, Ella,Ud) and the 3rd person plural (Ellos, Ellas, Uds).
e → i o → u
mentí mentiste mintió mentimos mintieron
dormí dormiste durmió dormimos durmieron
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4) Irregulares en todas las formas:
-e -imos -iste -o -ieron* (“-jeron” if the stem ends in “j”)
a) Verbs with – i in the preterit stem:
Venir: Vine Viniste Vino Vinimos Vinieron
Hacer: Hice Hiciste Hizo Hicimos Hicieron
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b) Verbs with –u in the preterit stem:
Poner: Puse Pusiste Puso Pusimos Pusieron
Saber: Supe Supiste Supo Supimos Supieron
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c) Verbs with –uv in the preterit stem:
Estar: Estuve Estuviste Estuvo
Estuvimos Estuvieron
Andar: Anduve Anduviste Anduvo
Anduvimos Anduvieron
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c) Verbs with –j in the preterit stem ( including –ducir verbs)
Traer: Traje Trajiste Trajo Trajimos Trajeron
Decir: Dije Dijiste Dijo Dijimos Dijeron
Conducir: Conduje Condujiste Condujo Condujimos
Condujeron
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d) SER and IR are identical in the preterit:
Fui Fuimos
Fuiste
Fue Fueron
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e) DAR and VER have the same endings in the preterit:
Dar: Di Diste Dio Dimos Dieron
Ver: Vi Viste Vio Vimos Vieron