Ehs 321 B
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EHS 321
Lecturer: Ms. Olulegan
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“INDUSTRIAL LAYOUT,
LANDSCAPE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT”
COURSE TITLE
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“THE BASICS OF
LANDSCAPE PLANNING
AND MANAGEMENT
”
THIS WEEK
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At the end of this interactive
session, you should …
…
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Understand the concept
of:
SITE SELECTION CRITERIA
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…
Environmentally
SENSITIVEAREAS
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An environmentally sensitive area or ESA
may be defined as a special area that is very sensitive to any form of changes to the ecosystem due to natural processes or
activities in or around it, either directly or
indirectly.
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An environmentally sensitive area at
any level is determined based
on the integration of
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1 The sensitive characteristic elements of disaster-risk
function
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The value of life
support
2
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The heritage
and legacy of the area.
3
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Short Assessment…
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Discuss the relationship that
exists between ESA’s and landscape planning and management.
Give examples of ESAs
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LANDSCAPING GUIDE
………………………………………………………………….
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Landscaping combines elements of art and
scienceto create a functional, aesthetically pleasing
extensionof indoor living to the
outdoors.
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One initial purpose of landscape design is
to blend man’s technology(house or
building) into the natural surrounding
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Elements of art include but are not
limited to color, line, form, texture and
scale. These elements are never independent
of each other
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COLOUR
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DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN ANALOGOUS, COMPLIMENTARY AND
MONOCHROMIC COLOURS
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LANDSCAPING PLANT TYPES
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PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
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Design principles include:
unity, balance, transition,
focalization, proportion, rhythm,
repetition and simplicity.
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Unity
UNITY is obtained by the effective use of components in a design to express a main idea through consistent style.
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Balance
BALANCE in design refers to the
equilibrium orequality of visual
attraction
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The size of plantings and
buildings compared to human scale
must be considered.
Unity
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Asymmetrical balance uses different forms,
colorsequality of visual
attractionand textures to obtain
balance of visual attraction.
Unity
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Transition
Transition is gradual change.
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Transition can be obtained by the
arrangement of objects with varying textures,
forms,or sizes in a logical sequential order.
Transition
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Proportion
Proportion refers to the size of parts of
the designin relation to each other and to the
design as a whole.
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Proportion
One large towering oak may complement an
office building but would probably dwarf a single
story residence.
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Proportion
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Rhythm
Rhythm reduces
confusion in the design
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Rhythm
Rhythm is achieved when the elements of
a design create a feeling of motion which leads the
viewer’s eye through or even beyond the
designed area
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Rhythm
Tools like color schemes, line and
form can be repeated to attain
rhythm in landscape design.
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Focalization
Focalization involves the leading of visual
observation toward a feature by placement of
this feature at the vanishing point between
radial or approaching lines.
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Repetition
Repetition refers to the repeated use of features like plants
with identical shape, line, form, texture
and/or color.
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Repetition
Too much repetition creates monotony
but when used effectively can lead
to rhythm, focalization or
emphasis.
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Simplicity
Simplicity is the reduction of a design to its
simplest, functional form, which avoids unnecessary cost and maintenance.
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Simplicity
Simplicity goes hand-in-hand with repetition and can
be achieved by elimination of unnecessary
detail.
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N.B
Too much variety or detail creates
confusion of perception.
Simplicity
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STEPS IN
DEVELOPING A LANDSCAPE DESIGN
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SUMMARY OF STEPS
1. Develop a plot plan.2. Conduct a site analysis.3. Assess family needs and desires.4. Locate activity areas.5. Design activity areas.6. Plant selection and placement.
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Develop a plot plan.
It is difficult to visualize certain aspects of design without putting it to scale on paper.
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Develop a plot plan.
The designer should think with
drawings or sketches and
make the mistakes on paper not on the landscape
site.
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Conduct a site analysis.
A complete survey of the customer’s property is essential.
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Conduct a site analysis.
Outdoor activity areas should be
placed in relation to
indoor activity areas.
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Conduct a site analysis.
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Assess family needs and desires.
A landscape should be an outdoor
extension of indoor living areas. It should be
functional and provide space for family activities.
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Assess family needs and desires.
Before the designer can create such an
environment, knowledge of certain family
characteristics is essential.
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ASSESSMENT OF FAMILY NEEDS AND
WANTS
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1.Number and general ages of family members.
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2. Are additional children (or grandchildren) expected?
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3. Do family members have physical limitations?
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4. Frequency of outdoor activities.
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5. Outdoor activities enjoyed by family.
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6.What maintenance jobs are you willing to do or pay others to do?
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7. What are your favorite shrubs?
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8. What are your favorite flowers?
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9. What are your favorite trees?
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10. Are family members allergic to specific plants?
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11. Are there special family service or utility needs?
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Locate activity areas.
These activity areas could include a
public area, entrance, living
area, quiet zone, service and work
area, or vegetable or cut-flower garden
plot.
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Design activity areas.
A systematic approach should
be taken indesigning activity
areas.
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First, determine the
objectives of the design and
establish the general type
of plan — formal or natural.
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Plan for structural needs, consider land form modifications,
determine traffic flow, develop bed form and
then specify plant materials.
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Plant selection and placement.
Plant selection is the last step in the design
process.
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Plantings can be used as a screen for noise abatement where the lot adjoins a busy public street.
Plant selection and placement.
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This PowerPoint presentation was prepared
and compiled by Ms. Olulegan Y.O
More can be found on www.slideshare.net/YetundeOlulegan
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References
Dewayne L.I (1991): Basic Principles of Landscape Design.
University of Florida. Circular
536
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Further Readings
LARIMER COUNTY LANDSCAPING GUIDE FIRST
EDITION. www.larimer.org