Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the...

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Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4

Transcript of Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the...

Page 1: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

Egyptian CivilizationChapter 2 section 4

Page 2: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

Chief Gods and Goddesses

• Amon-Re – great lord of the gods– Pharaohs were believed

to receive their right to rule from Amon-Re

• Osiris – god of the Nile• Isis – promised the

faithful they would have life after death

Page 3: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

A Pharaoh Tries to Reshape Religion

• Akhenaton- ordered priests to worship only Aton (a minor god) and to remove the names of other gods from their temples– radical

• Was he effective?

Page 5: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

Preparing the Dead for the Afterlife

• Egyptians believed the afterlife would be much like life on earth

• People were buried with everything they would need

• Mummification – preservation of dead bodies by embalming them and wrapping them in cloth

• During the New Kingdom, pharaohs were buried in the Valley of the Kings– Tutankhamen (“King Tut”)

Page 6: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

King Tut’s Tomb

Page 7: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

Egyptians Organize Their Society

Pharaoh & Royal Family

Govn’t Officials, High Priests & Priestesses

Merchants,Scribes,Artisans Peasants

Page 8: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

Egyptians Organize Their Society

• Most Egyptians were peasant farmers or slaves• In the off season they would serve the pharaoh– Temples, palaces, tombs

• Women would raise children, collect water, & cook• Egyptians women had more power than other

women in the ancient world

Page 9: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

Keeping Written Records

• Hieroglyphics – a system in which symbols or pictures represent objects, concepts, or sounds

• Hieratic demotic symbols – a cursive form of writing

• Papyrus – a paper like writing material

Page 10: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

The Clues of the Rosetta Stone

• 1800s Jean Champollion deciphered the meanings of ancient hieroglyphics

• Rosetta Stone – hieroglyphics, demotic script, and Greek

Page 11: Egyptian Civilization Chapter 2 section 4. Chief Gods and Goddesses Amon-Re – great lord of the gods – Pharaohs were believed to receive their right to.

Furthering Science and Mathematics

• Physicians performed surgery and believed in magic as well

• Mapped constellations and movement of planets• Made a 12 month with 30 days calendar with 5 days

added on the end• Developed geometry