Egypt Land of the Pharaohs. Facts Civilization began about 3100 BCE Egypt began as a scattering of...
-
Upload
ralph-flowers -
Category
Documents
-
view
226 -
download
4
Transcript of Egypt Land of the Pharaohs. Facts Civilization began about 3100 BCE Egypt began as a scattering of...
EgyptLand of the Pharaohs
Facts
Civilization began about 3100 BCE
Egypt began as a scattering of villages and settlements along the Nile river
The land along the banks of the Nile were extremely fertile.
The flooding of the Nile was more predictable then the rivers in Mesopotamia.
Facts…
Black Land (Kemet) fertile strip of land
Red Land (Deshret) The Libyan Desert to the west and the Arabian Desert to the east.
The Kingdoms and Periods of Ancient
Egypt The history of Ancient Egypt has been divided
into six parts:
Old Kingdom
Middle Kingdom
New Kingdom
Late Dynastic Period
Greek Period
Roman Period
Assignment
Read pages 77-88 of the textbook (78-79 and purple boxes not included) and answer the questions on page 88
Videos
National Geographic (3 mins)
The Great Pyramids (3 mins)
Horrible Histories (3 mins)
Government
The head of the ancient Egyptian government was the Pharaoh (from the Egyptian word meaning “great house”).
The Pharaoh was looked upon by Egyptian people as a god.
The next position below Pharaoh was the vizer, who served as the Pharaoh’s right-hand man.
Ancient Egypt was divided into 42 nomes (or provinces). Each had a leader, appointed by the pharaoh, called a monarch.
Egyptian Law
Egyptians, like the Mesopotamians, had a strict set of laws, each with varying degrees of punishment. They also had tribunals (courts).
Penalties range from beatings – for failing to do one’s duty – to death – for treason.
Religion in Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egyptians had one of the most polytheistic religions of any civilization in history, with more than 80 gods. Not only were they accepting of other religious beliefs, they even added foreign gods to their own pantheon.
They had gods for nature, animals (often depicted as humans with animal heads), and household and state gods, among others.
Religion in Ancient Egypt
Ka – the Ancient Egyptian equivalent of a soul. Created by the god Khnum, who placed infants in their mothers’ wombs. The ka was placed in man’s heart at birth, and left at death.
Ba – their equivalent of a personality, also left the body at death.
If a body was properly preserved, the ka and the ba returned to the body, thus leading to Egyptian’s elaborate burial practices.
Religion in Ancient Egypt
Burial Practices
They were a way to ensure that the person who had died could continue to enjoy living in the afterlife.
In order for this to happen, the body had to be preserved in a way that it was recognizable (and didn’t decompose). Egyptians dried out the bodies by covering them in animal skin, and placing them in a shallow grave.
Cleopatra’s TombBritish Museum London, England
Social Structure
The Pharaoh
Nobles & Military LeadersPriests
and Scribes
Crafters
Peasant Farmers
Slaves
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U3Kt2FxhR_k
The Pyramids
During the Old Kingdom, the Egyptians built the pyramids to house the bodies of their dead kings.
Today, the ruins of 35 major pyramids stand near the Nile River.
The three largest pyramids of Giza rank as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.
The Family
A young Egyptian got married, often when he was 20 years of age or in his late teens. His bride was usually younger.
Marriage partners were selected from within the same social class and often within the same family .
Polygamy was legal but not very common.
The Role of Women
Women did not share equal rights with men.
They played an important role in domestic life
Some women (Hatsheput) rose to positions of great power.