eggsamination

Kayla Pridmore

• Eggs appear in Roman recipe book “Apicius”

• Horace is a jerk

Chickens arrive in North America Typical barnyard

creatures until….

CHICKEN MADNESS

• Mid 19th century• Breeding

became popular

• Egg money• Economy of scale• Division– Hatcheries– Meat – Eggs

• Contract farming– Big investment– Risk– Lack of control

• Vertical Integration

Labels

• Natural• Cage-free• Organic• Farm-fresh• Omega-3• Vegetarian

Labels

• Natural• Cage-free• Organic• Farm-fresh• Omega-3• Vegetarian

Certified Organic• feed is made from ingredients grown

without most conventional pesticides, fungicides, herbicides or commercial fertilizers.

• Cage free environment • Have access to the outdoors

Labels

• Natural• Cage-free• Organic• Farm-fresh• Omega-3• Vegetarian

Omega 3: Omega 6

• Roxarsone– Anti-parasitic

Anti-biotics

• Sub-therapeutic – Low levels, all timesBanned in EU- Fewer resistant cases in animals, humans

Alternatives?

Eggmobile

Resurgence of Poultry Sheds

Urban Chickens

• Know your farmer• Decide what is most important to you:

spend your dollars wisely

References: An Examination of Eggs

•

• Arndt, Milton. • 1931 Battery Brooding (2nd ed.) pp. 308–312• Orange Judd Publishing• • Broadway, Michael J. and Donald D. Stull• 2003 Slaughterhouse Blues: The Meat and Poultry Industry in North America (Case Studies on Contemporary Social Issues) . 1

ed. • Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing• • Brothwell, Don. • 1997• Food in Antiquity A Survey of Diet of Early Peoples. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ p 162• • Daniel, Charles, and Page Smith.• 2000 The Chicken Book. • Athens, Ga: University of Georgia Press,.• • Lopez,Enrique and Greene Catherine. "Outlook Report from the Economic Research Service." Organic Poultry and Eggs

Capture High Price Premiums and Growing Share of Specialty Markets. www.ers.usda.gov/Publications/LDP/2006/12Dec/LDPM15001/ldpm15001.pdf (accessed 4/26 /10)

• Mcgee, Harold• 2004 Eggs. In On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen. pp. 68-90. Rev Upd ed. • New York: Scribner• •

• Neuman, William.• "Seeking Self-Reliance, Americans Raise Own Chickens." The New York Times, August 3, 2009, sec. Business. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/04/business/04chickens.html accessed 4-20-10• • North, Mack O., Donald E. Bell • 1990• Commercial Chicken Production Manual (4th ed.). Van Nostrand Reinhold. p. 297, 315.• • O'Brien, Barbara Student Author, Animal Welfare Reform and the Magic Bullet: The Use and Abuse of Subtherapeutic Doses of Antibiotics in Livestock, 67 U. Colo. L. Rev. 407, 441--42 1996• • Pollan, Michael. • 2006 The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals. • New York: Penguin• • Rosal, Charlita. "http://www.epa.gov/esd/pdf-ecb/348ecb03.pdf." Determination of Rozarsone. www.epa.gov/esd/pdf-ecb/348ecb03.pdf (accessed April 10, 2010)• Singer, Peter• 2006 In Defense of Animals p. 175• Wiley-Blackwell • Report on the Welfare of Laying Hens. Brussels: Scientific Veterinary Committee, 1996• • Stolz, John, and Brian Kilonzo. "Biotransformation of 3-Nitro-4-hydroxybenzene Arsonic Acid (Roxarsone) and Release of Inorganic Arsenic by Clostridium Species." Environmental Science and

Technology 41, no. 3 (2007): 818–823. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es061802i (accessed April 20, 2010)• Toussaint-Samat, Maguelonne. • 2008 A History of Food. 2nd ed.• Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell• • Valdez, Linda. "Cage Free Eggs Peck Away at Consumer Reality." The Arizona Republic, August 10, 2009.

http://www.azcentral.com/arizonarepublic/opinions/articles/2008/08/10/20080810valdez10.html (accessed April 23, 2010)• Encyclopedia of Food and Culture Edition 1. (Scribner Library of Daily Life). 1 ed. • 2002• New York: Charles Scribner's Sons• • Public Library of Science (2005, July 5). Agricultural Antibiotic Use Contributes To 'Super-bugs' In Humans. ScienceDaily. accessed 5-3-10, from http://www.sciencedaily.com

/releases/2005/07/050705010900.htm• • "PerdueBrooder.pdf." Brooder Agreement. www.iowa.gov/government/ag/images/contracts/PerdueBrooder.pdf (accessed April 21, 2010).• Community Factors in the Development of Antibiotic Resistance• Elaine Larson• School of Nursing; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York