EffShip Project conclusions and visions for the · PDF fileEffShip Project conclusions and...

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Project conclusions and visions for the future

Bengt Ramne

ScandiNAOS AB

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Zero emission

Is not a technical problem

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Reduce emission by reduce fuel consumption Nothing beats reduced speed!!

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

Pro

pu

lsio

n p

ow

er

[kW

]

ship speed [knots]

Panamax Design draft 12,5 m

Panamax Ballast draft

Roro - Cassette draft 8.2 m

Roro - Trailer draft 6.9 m

Panamax Speed reduction 15.5 - 12 knots reduces consumption from 50 to 22 tons per day

Roro Speed reduction 19 - 16 knots reduces consumption from 47 to 27 tons per day

Roro Speed reduction 22 - 19 knots reduces consumption from 83 to 47 tons per day

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

How slow can we go?

Fuel cost €500/ton

Fuel cost €1000/ton

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

€ - € 10 000 € 20 000 € 30 000 € 40 000 € 50 000 € 60 000 € 70 000

Ship

sp

ee

d [

kn]

TC cost [€/day]

Most economical speed as a function of TC cost at different fuel price levels

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

What else than speed reduction can we do to reduce consumption?

• Traditional hull and propulsion optimization

• Traditional engine optimization

• Energy recovery/ energy transformation

• Utilization of the free energy

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

How much energy can be recovered?

Shaft power output 49.3%

Lu

be

oil

co

ole

r 4

.3%

Jack

et w

ate

r co

ole

r 6

.3%

Exh

au

st

gas

25.4

%

Air

co

ole

r 14

.1%

Heat

rad

iati

on

0.6

%

Fuel energy content

100%

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Value of a ”free” kW electricity Short sea roro 6 600 sailing hours per year HFO operation € 2 000/kW (€ 0.11/kWh)

MGO operation € 3 000/kW ( €0.18/kWh)

Panamax 6 200 sailing hours per year HFO operation € 1 800/kW (€ 0.11/kWh)

MGO operation € 2 800/kW (€ 0.18/kWh)

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

The value of "free" power from recovered heat

€ 0

€ 500 000

€ 1 000 000

€ 1 500 000

€ 2 000 000

€ 2 500 000

€ 3 000 000

€ 3 500 000

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Val

ue

/co

st [€

]

Recovered "free" power [kW]

Value of free energy 2000 €/kW


Cost to recover energy from exhaust (steam turbine)

Cost to recover energy from cooling water (ORC)

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

The cost to get "free" power from recovered heat

• The first kW is the cheapest and most cost efficient to recover

• The question is not if energy should be recovered, the question is how much

€ 0

€ 500 000

€ 1 000 000

€ 1 500 000

€ 2 000 000

€ 2 500 000

€ 3 000 000

€ 3 500 000

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Val

ue

/co

st [€

]


Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

The cost to get "free" power from recovered heat

• The first kW is the cheapest and most cost efficient to recover

• The question is not if energy should be recovered, the question is how much

€ 0

€ 500 000

€ 1 000 000

€ 1 500 000

€ 2 000 000

€ 2 500 000

€ 3 000 000

€ 3 500 000

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Val

ue

/co

st [€

]




Cost to recover energy from exhaust (steam turbine)

Cost to recover energy from cooling water (ORC)

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

LO cool

LO cool

Ai rcooling HT out

Jacket cooling out

EGB

Jacket cooling in

Turbine Generator

Condenser

Air cooling HT in

Air cooling LT out

Air cooling LT in

Turbine Generator

Condenser

Evaporator

Lube oil

Central cooler

ORC 2

500-1000 kW

250-500 kW

LO COOLER

Air intake

Compressed air

Compressed and cooled air

Energy recovery and transformation

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Equipment Weight Size Recovered /transformed

energy

Investment incl. Break even at 75%

NMCR

Four stroke Main Engines 2 x 10 MW

Exhaust gas boiler, EGB 30 ton 5m h=6m 4 000 kW € 750 000

Steam turbine 10 ton 3 x 3 x 2 m 600 kW € 450 000 10 000 h

Modified cooling system 3000 kW € 100 000

ORC turbine 20 ton 3 x 3 x 2 m 350 kW € 600 000 10 000 h

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

What else than speed reduction can we do to reduce consumption?

• Traditional hull and propulsion optimization

• Traditional engine optimization

• Energy recovery/ energy transformation

• Utilization of the free energy

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

EffShip Panamax with rotors and sails

Rotor projected area 530 m2

Sail projected area 3550 m2

Kite area 640 m2

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

110%

120%

130%

0 30 60 90 120 150 180

Re

lati

ve r

ed

cuti

on

in p

rop

uls

ion

po

we

r

true wind direction (degr)

Reduction of propulsion power for a Panamax tanker for different sail alternatives

Ship speed 12 knots, wind speed 9 m/s

As built

Rotors (4 rotors d=4.7 m h= 28 m)

Rotors if not folded

EffSail telescopic and foldable (total sail area 3500m2)

Kite 640 m2

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Shipping route Rotterdam Caracass

saving

all year/winter %

ship speed (kn) sail rotor kite

12 21/24 15/17 9/10

14 17/20 13/15 6/7

16 12/14 9/10

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Motor sailing Panamax tanker

0

500

1 000

1 500

2 000

2 500

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Po

we

r [k

W]

Speed [knots]

with 3500 m2 sail, wind speed 8 m/s

Diff (Sail contribution) [kW]

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Motor sailing Panamax tanker

0

2 000

4 000

6 000

8 000

10 000

12 000

14 000

16 000

18 000

20 000

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Po

we

r [k

W]

Speed [knots]

with 3500 m2 sail, wind speed 8 m/s

Engine power without sail [kW]

Engine power with sail [kW]

Diff (Sail contribution) [kW]

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Equipment Weight (additional) Size Power reduction

Vs = 14 knots Vw = 8 m/s

Investment Propulsion energy

cost (MGO)

Break even

after

EffSail 150 tons 3500 m2 1400 kW € 1 500 000 180 €/MWh 6000 h

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Emissions reduced by

• Reduced fuel consumption by

– Speed reduction

– Energy recovery/ energy transformation

– Utilization of the free energy

…but still not zero emission

Further reduction by

– Exhaust gas cleaning

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Exhaust Gas Cleaning

NOx -EGR

NOx - SCR

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Exhaust Gas Cleaning

• SOx

– Scrubbers

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

• Scrubber • Piping system • Sea water pump • Separator • Sludge tank

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

• Scrubber • Piping system • Sea water pump • Separator • Sludge tank

• Reagent tank

• Dosing unit • Bleed of holding tank • Effluent holding tank • Srubbing water pump • Srubbing water cooler • Fresh water tank

Equipment Weight Size Power

consumption

Consumable

(50% NaOH)

Operational

cost

Fuel cost saving

Diff MGO, HFO

Investment

New building**

Break even after at 75%

NMCR

Hybrid

scrubber

14 ton dry

27 ton w water

Scrubber tower:

4.2m h=10m

200 kW

(Appr 1%)

13 l/MWh*

20 kg/MWh*

10 €/MWh* 50 €/MWh* € 4 000 000 100 000 MWh** 6 700 h

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip



– Speed reduction






– Alternative fuel

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Present and Future Maritime Fuels

• HFO

• LSHFO

• ULSHFO

• MDO

• MGO

• LNG

• Biofuel

• DME

• Methanol

• Synthetic

diesel

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Equipment Weight (additional) Size Fuel cost saving

Diff MGO, MeOH

Investment Break even

after

Hours at

75% NMCR

Methanol tanks For new building: - 1800 m3

(Same range as 880 m3 HFO) 48 €/MWh*

€ 2 000 000 42 000 MWh 2 700 h

For conversion: 50 tons € 5 000 000 100 000 MW h 6 700 h

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip Equipment Weight Size Recovered /transformed

energy

Investment incl. Break even at 75%

NMCR

Four stroke Main Engines 2 x 10 MW

Exhaust gas boiler, EGB 30 ton 5m h=6m 4 000 kW € 750 000

Steam turbine 10 ton 3 x 3 x 2 m 600 kW € 450 000 10 000 h

Modified cooling system 3000 kW € 100 000

ORC turbine 20 ton 3 x 3 x 2 m 350 kW € 600 000 10 000 h

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip Equipment Weight (additional) Size Fuel cost saving

Diff MGO, MeOH

Investment Break even

after

Hours at 75%

NMCR

Methanol tanks For new building:

250 tons 1600 m3

(Same range as 880 m3 HFO) 40 €/MWh

€ 12 000 000 300 000 MWh 20 000 h

For conversion: € 18 000 000 450 000 MWh 30 000 h

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Emission reduction by alternative fuel

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip



– Speed reduction





– Alternative fuel


– More alternative fuel

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Crude oil Natural gas

Bio Gas Anaerobic digestion Coal Biomass

Municipal waste Solar Hydro Wind Nuclear

Refining Cooling Reformation Gasification Electrolysis of water

-163C CH4 + H2O →

CO + 3 H2 C + ½O2 → CO H2O → H2 + ½O2 C + H2O → CO + H2

CO + H2O →

CO2 + H2 CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 Carbon capture CO2 + C → 2CO CO2

Residuals Distillates LNG Syngas HFO MGO Hydrogen + Carbon monoxide (H2 + CO)

Methanol DME Gas to liquid - GTL Direct synthesis, using a dual catalyst system Fischer Tropsch

CO + 2H2 → CH3OH Fixed bed reactor process (Haldor Topsö) Cracking

CO2 + 3H2 → CH3OH +H2O Slurry bed reactor process (JFE, Air Products and Chemicals) Paraffin

CO2 + H2 → CO +H2O Naptha Diesel

DME Dehydration of methanol 2CH3OH → CH3OCH3 + H2O

DME to liquid

Mobile process

HFO ICE Fuel

MGO ICE Fuel

LNG ICE/FC Fuel

Methanol ICE/FC Fuel

Synthetic petrol

DME ICE Fuel Paraffin Na-

ptha Diesel

Hydrogen as ICE/FC Fuel

Diesel fuel Diesel fuel Otto fuel Otto fuel Otto fuel Diesel fuel

Requires spark ignition or dual fuel

Requires spark ignition ,dual fuel or methanol –diesel engine ScandiNAOS/BR 2011-03-23

Alternative Marine Fuel - Feedstock and products

ScandiNAOS AB Presentation – Gotlandsbolaget 2013-03-08 [email protected]

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Zero emission!

….. the path is mapped

How far can we go?

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Where to start?

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Equipment Weight Size Power

consumption

Consumable

(50% NaOH)

Operational

cost

Fuel cost saving

Diff MGO, HFO

Investment

Retrofit

Break even after at 75%

NMCR

Hybrid

scrubber

14 ton dry

27 ton w water

Scrubber tower:

4.2m h=10m

200 kW

(Appr 1%)

13 l/MWh

20 kg/MWh

10 €/MWh 50 €/MWh € 5 000 000 125 000 MWh 8 500 h

- Scrubber tower - Piping system

- Sea water pump - Treatment unit separator

- Sludge tank - Reagent tank

- Dosing unit - Bleed of holding tank

- Effluent holding tank - Scrubbing water pump

- Scrubbing water cooler - Fresh water tank

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Equipment Weight (additional) Size Fuel cost saving

Diff MGO, MeOH

Investment Break even after Hours at 75%

NMCR

Methanol tanks 50 tons 1800 m3

(Same range as 880 m3 HFO) 48 €/MWh* € 5 000 000 100 000 MWh 6 700 h

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip Fuel comparison (Based on conversion with 5 years pay-back and 6% interest)

0

0,02

0,04

0,06

0,08

0,1

0,12

0,14

0,16

0,18

0,2

HFO ScrubberClose loop

MGO Methanol LNG

€/k

Wh

- m

ech

anic

al p

ow

er

Fuel alternatives

LNG conversion

LNG

Methanol conversion

Methanol

MGO

Maintenance

Sludge

FW

Electricity

NAOH 50%

Scrubber equipment cost per kWh

HFO

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Some suggested projects for industrialization of the Effship findings

• Methanol fuelled marine engines

• Retrofit technologies for heat recovery from sulphur free fuels

• Methanol fuel – sustainably produced

• Trade and logistic

• Complementary propulsion

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

• Sjöfartstidningens nyhetsbrev #13 – Finnish fund for investments in exhaust

gas cleaning and alternative fuel

– € 30 000 000 for 2013

– Max 50% government finance

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

ScandiNAOS

Lloyds Register

Chalmers

Methanex

Haldor Topsoe

SSPA

Port of Gothenburg

TTS Ships Equipment

DEC

Gotenius S-MAN

Sjöfartsverket

Breakwater Publishing

Gothenburg Chartering

Melship

BRAX shipping

Ide Marine

Canopus SOL

Basstech

Gothia Marine

MAN

GVAC

Transatlantic

Göteborg Energi

White Smoke

Marinvest

Laurin Maritime

Wärtsilä

Cityvarvet

FKAB

ACL Svensk Sjöfarts tidning Cobelfret

DFDS

Stora Enso

Stena

DNV

Sjöfartens analysinstitut

Cargotech

Furetank

Swedia

Donsötank

Älvtank

Sirius

Ektank

Veritas tankers

Bunker service

Donsö

Volvo Penta

Hållbar sjöfart som är energi- och kostnadseffektiv med minimal miljöpåverkan

GESAB

SPIRETH

EffShip

PREEM

Bergs Propulsion

Ö-varvet

Fin

al S

emin

ar, G

oth

enb

urg

, Mar

ch 2

1, 2

01

3

EffShip

Thank you

EffShip Project conclusions and visions for the · PDF fileEffShip Project conclusions and...

Documents

Transcript of EffShip Project conclusions and visions for the · PDF fileEffShip Project conclusions and...