Laser B1+ (Student’s Book) · 2016-09-18Laser B1+ (Student’s Book)
Efficient Critical Thinking The student’s guide to success in college and in life.
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Transcript of Efficient Critical Thinking The student’s guide to success in college and in life.
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Efficient Critical Thinking
The student’s guide to success in college and in life
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Think it over!
“Learning without thought is labor lost, thought without
learning is perilous.”
--Confucius
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Critical thinking is not a one dimensional activity; it is an
active process composed of many cognitive skills.
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What is Critical Thinking?
Critical thinking is the ability to:– Develop unique approaches to learning– Interpret facts– Evaluate information– Apply learning to real life– Solve problems– Create new ideas
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Attitude is Key
• Always be looking for new
ideas and perspectives
• Always be looking for the “rest
of the story”
• Always be looking for logical reasoning
• Always be looking for information that might be of value later
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Set a learning goal for every class
Determine a personal outcome for every class:• How can it help me with life after college?• How can it help me have a better career?• How can it help me be a better Christian?• How can it help me be a better citizen?• How can it help me be a better friend,
husband, wife, parent, employee?• How can it contribute to a better ME?
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Important Processes to Remember
As you read, listen or discuss, remember to:• Analyze: Is this logical?
• Apply: How, when, why will I use this information?
• Reflect: Incubate, think about the concept
• Connect: Relate learning to prior knowledge, other classes, experience.
• Make it personal!
• Important: Just because someone says it or writes it doesn’t make it so!!
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How to Maximize Every Class
• Think in new ways
• Break old habits
• Be open to different perspectives
• Develop new approaches
• Brainstorm (even with yourself)
• Make decisions
• Be Creative
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While reading, ask thesebasic questions
• What? Know definitions andappropriate language/terms
• Why? Analyze by breaking down into component parts
• How? Author’s intent, law process, etc.
• Significance? How is this relevant?
• Compare/Contrast: with other topics and
classes
• Organize: outline, categorize, and classify
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Evaluate While Learning
• Be objective• Be open-minded• Be skeptical• Be aware of motives, biases, prejudices• Be alert for manipulative language• Be logical• Be responsive to the evidence• Be morally and ethically sensitive
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Creative Thinking is the key to making the most of each class
• Reverse the solution
• Consider opposite goals
• Explore all possibilities
• Use offbeat comparisons
• Put yourself in the problem
• Start at the beginning, end—or middle!
• Dream—even fantasize!
• Try “no-holds barred” brainstorming
• Make no assumptions!
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Barriers to Beneficial Thinking• Forming view of world based on false images (news, tv,
movies)
• Black or white thinking (all or nothing)
• Fear: mistakes, looking silly, trying new things, taking chances
• Passive attitude
• Tendency to memorize/regurgitate
• “One right answer” syndrome
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Thinking is a Life Skill
• Realize that even experts don’t know everything
• Realize that many of the so-called facts you are learning now will be obsolete within a few years (Just look at computers!)
• Realize the world is constantly changing—and we must also; that requires thinking critically and creatively
• Realize we must commit to being life-long active learners
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Tutoring for Efficient ThinkingStudents often believe:
• There is only one right answer
• Thinking takes too much time
• What the professor said will be on test
• The possibilities are limited (inside the box thinking)
• Their worldview should match that of others
• Everything “said or read” is true
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How to Sell the Concept to Students:
Encourage students to realize how critical, constructive thinking contributes to:
• Having a more complete understanding
• Developing a better memory
• Easing application of concepts to real life
• Evaluating information: keep or toss
• Becoming a valuable employee/boss
• Increasing creativity and innovation
• Achieving success and happiness
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I wish you powerful thinking skills for a happy, successful college and life experience!
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Bibliography
• Cortina, Joe, Janet Elder, Katherine Gonnet. Comprehending College Textbooks. New York. McGraw Hill, l989.
• Daiek, Deborah, Nancy Anter. Critical Reading for College and Beyond. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2004.
• Murphy, Diana. Ed. Ten Practices of Highly Successful College Students. New York: Longman, 2000.
• Paul, Richard. Foundation for Critical Thinking.www.criticalthinking.org
• McWhorter, Kathleen T. Study and Critical Thinking in College. New York: Pearson Longman, 2006.
• Schmitt, David E. The Winning Edge: Maximizing Success in College. Boston: Harper Collins Publishers, 1992.