Effects of Laryngeal Massage and Semi-occluded Vocal Tract ...

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806 http://www.e-csd.org This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright ยฉ 2017 Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Effects of Laryngeal Massage and Semi-occluded Vocal Tract Exercises for Patients with Hyperfunctional Dysphonia Ji-Sung Kim a,b , Dong-Wook Lee c , Chul-Hee Choi d , Seong Hee Choi d a Graduate School of Health Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Korea b Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Choengju, Korea c Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea d Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Korea Correspondence: Seong Hee Choi, PhD Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Daegu Catholic University, 13-13 Hayang-ro, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan 38430, Korea Tel: +82-53-850-2542 Fax: +82-53-850-2540 E-mail: [email protected] Received: October 3, 2017 Revised: November 18, 2017 Accepted: November 27, 2017 This work is supported by research grants from the Daegu Catholic University. Objectives: High laryngeal position, pharyngeal constriction, laryngeal and neck tension, excessive supraglottic compression, and vocal fold closure are common characteristics as- sociated with hyperfunctional dysphonia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of voice therapy consisting of laryngeal massage and semi-occluded vocal tract ex- ercises (SOVTE) in patients with hyperfunctional dysphonia and following voice therapy adherence. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with hyperfunctional voice disorders diag- nosed with muscle tension dysphonia, vocal nodules, and vocal polyp were treated with voice therapy once using laryngeal massage and SOVTE: lip trills, humming, bilabial frica- tive [b:], straw phonation. They completed acoustic and auditoryโ€“perceptual assessment before and after voice therapy. Results: Significant immediate effects were observed in STD (standard deviation of F0), Jitter, Shimmer, NHR (noise to harmonic ratio), vAm (peak to peak amplitude variation), vF0 (fundamental frequency variation), ATRI (Amplitude Tremor Intensity Index), FTRI (F0 Tremor Intensity Index), PPQ (pitch perturbation quotient), APQ (amplitude perturbation quotient), DSH (degree of sub-harmonic), VTI (Voice Turbulence Index), DUV (degree of voiceless) and โ€˜Gโ€™, โ€™Rโ€™, โ€˜Bโ€™ in the GRBAS scale and most of the patients continued with voice therapy. Conclusion: Laryngeal massage and SOVTE may provide immediate advantages in hyperfunctional dysphonia and have a positive effect on voice therapy adherence. Keywords: Laryngeal massage, SOVTE, Hyperfunctional voice, Voice therapy adherence ๋†’์€ ํ›„๋‘ ์œ„์น˜, ์ธ๋‘ ํ˜‘์ฐฉ, ์ƒํ›„๋‘์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋‚ด์ „ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋†’์€ ํ›„๋‘ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ํ›„ ๋‘์™€ ๋ชฉ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ทผ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์™ธํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๊ทผ๊ธด์žฅ์€ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Guzman, Castro, Testart, Muรฑoz, & Gerhard, 2013). ํ›„๋‘์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ธ๋‘๊ฐ•์„ ํ™•์žฅ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ์ ‘์ด‰์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜ํ’ˆ- ํ•œ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•, ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€, ์ด์™„, ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์‹œ์ž‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์Œ์„ฑ์ด‰์ง„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค(Boone, McFarlane, & Von Berg, 2007). ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด‰์ง„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๋“ค ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋Š” ์กฐ์Œ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๊ทผ์œก๊ณผ ํ›„๋‘๋‚ด์™ธ๊ทผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์„ฑ๋„ ์ „์ฒด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์œก ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ์ด์™„์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํšจ ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Aronson, 1990; Mathieson et al., 2009; Roy, 2008; Roy & Leeper, 1993; Roy, Bless, Heisey, & Ford, 1997). ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋ฒ•์€ manual circumlaryngeal thera- py (MCT)์™€ laryngeal manual therapy (LMT) ๋กœ ๋‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ชจ๋‘ ์„ค ๊ณจ๊ณผ ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์„ค๊ณจ๋ง‰, ์„ค๊ณจ์ƒ๋ถ€ ์œ„๋ฅผ ์›์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“ฏ ์ค‘์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, LMT ๋Š” ํ‰์‡„์œ ๋Œ๊ทผ์˜ ์ด์™„์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ ์†์ด๋‚˜ ์–‘์†์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ ์œก์˜ ์ด์™„ ํ›„ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด MCT ๋Š” ์„ค๊ณจ์˜ ์ด์™„์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ ์†์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.17434 Original Article Commun Sci Disord 2017;22(4):806-817 ISSN 2288-0917 (Online)

Transcript of Effects of Laryngeal Massage and Semi-occluded Vocal Tract ...

Page 1: Effects of Laryngeal Massage and Semi-occluded Vocal Tract ...

806 http://www.e-csd.orgThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/

by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright ยฉ 2017 Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology

Effects of Laryngeal Massage and Semi-occluded Vocal Tract Exercises for Patients with Hyperfunctional Dysphonia Ji-Sung Kima,b, Dong-Wook Leec, Chul-Hee Choid, Seong Hee Choid

aGraduate School of Health Sciences, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, KoreabDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Choengju, KoreacDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, KoreadDepartment of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Korea

Correspondence: Seong Hee Choi, PhDDepartment of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Daegu Catholic University, 13-13 Hayang-ro, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan 38430, KoreaTel: +82-53-850-2542Fax: +82-53-850-2540 E-mail: [email protected]

Received: October 3, 2017Revised: November 18, 2017Accepted: November 27, 2017

This work is supported by research grants from the Daegu Catholic University.

Objectives: High laryngeal position, pharyngeal constriction, laryngeal and neck tension, excessive supraglottic compression, and vocal fold closure are common characteristics as-sociated with hyperfunctional dysphonia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of voice therapy consisting of laryngeal massage and semi-occluded vocal tract ex-ercises (SOVTE) in patients with hyperfunctional dysphonia and following voice therapy adherence. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with hyperfunctional voice disorders diag-nosed with muscle tension dysphonia, vocal nodules, and vocal polyp were treated with voice therapy once using laryngeal massage and SOVTE: lip trills, humming, bilabial frica-tive [b:], straw phonation. They completed acoustic and auditoryโ€“perceptual assessment before and after voice therapy. Results: Significant immediate effects were observed in STD (standard deviation of F0), Jitter, Shimmer, NHR (noise to harmonic ratio), vAm (peak to peak amplitude variation), vF0 (fundamental frequency variation), ATRI (Amplitude Tremor Intensity Index), FTRI (F0 Tremor Intensity Index), PPQ (pitch perturbation quotient), APQ (amplitude perturbation quotient), DSH (degree of sub-harmonic), VTI (Voice Turbulence Index), DUV (degree of voiceless) and โ€˜Gโ€™, โ€™Rโ€™, โ€˜Bโ€™ in the GRBAS scale and most of the patients continued with voice therapy. Conclusion: Laryngeal massage and SOVTE may provide immediate advantages in hyperfunctional dysphonia and have a positive effect on voice therapy adherence.

Keywords: Laryngeal massage, SOVTE, Hyperfunctional voice, Voice therapy adherence

๋†’์€ ํ›„๋‘ ์œ„์น˜, ์ธ๋‘ ํ˜‘์ฐฉ, ์ƒํ›„๋‘์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋‚ด์ „

์€ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŠน์ง•์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋†’์€ ํ›„๋‘ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ํ›„

๋‘์™€ ๋ชฉ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ทผ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์™ธํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๊ทผ๊ธด์žฅ์€

๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Guzman, Castro, Testart,

Muรฑoz, & Gerhard, 2013).

ํ›„๋‘์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ธ๋‘๊ฐ•์„ ํ™•์žฅ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ์ ‘์ด‰์„

์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜ํ’ˆ-ํ•œ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•, ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€, ์ด์™„,

๊ตฌ๊ฐ•๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์‹œ์ž‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์Œ์„ฑ์ด‰์ง„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด

์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค(Boone, McFarlane, & Von Berg, 2007).

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด‰์ง„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•๋“ค ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋Š” ์กฐ์Œ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๊ทผ์œก๊ณผ

ํ›„๋‘๋‚ด์™ธ๊ทผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์„ฑ๋„ ์ „์ฒด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์œก

์˜ ๊ณผ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ์ด์™„์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ํšจ

๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค(Aronson, 1990; Mathieson et al., 2009;

Roy, 2008; Roy & Leeper, 1993; Roy, Bless, Heisey, & Ford, 1997).

๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋ฒ•์€ manual circumlaryngeal thera-

py (MCT)์™€ laryngeal manual therapy (LMT)๋กœ ๋‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋ชจ๋‘ ์„ค

๊ณจ๊ณผ ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์„ค๊ณจ๋ง‰, ์„ค๊ณจ์ƒ๋ถ€ ์œ„๋ฅผ ์›์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“ฏ ์ค‘์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, LMT๋Š”

ํ‰์‡„์œ ๋Œ๊ทผ์˜ ์ด์™„์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ ์†์ด๋‚˜ ์–‘์†์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ

์œก์˜ ์ด์™„ ํ›„ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด MCT๋Š” ์„ค๊ณจ์˜ ์ด์™„์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ

ํ•œ ์†์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ๋„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค

https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.17434

Original ArticleCommun Sci Disord 2017;22(4):806-817ISSN 2288-0917 (Online)

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https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.17434 http://www.e-csd.org 807

ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„ํ›ˆ๋ จ์ด ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ โ€ข ๊น€์ง€์„ฑ ์™ธ

(Mathieson et al., 2009).

ํ•œํŽธ, ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„ํ›ˆ๋ จ(semi-occluded vocal tract exercise, SOVTE)

์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์‚ฐ์ถœ ๋ฉ”์ปค๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์˜ ์กฐ์ง์  ์†์ƒ ์—†์ด ์ •์ƒ์Œ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š”

๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€ํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑํ›ˆ๋ จ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ(Titze, 2006),

์„ฑ๋Œ€ ์ง„๋™๊ณผ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ์ ‘์ด‰์˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜๋ฉด ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ์†์ƒ์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ• 

์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ „์ œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค(Berry et al., 2001). SOVTE๋Š” ์„ฑ๋„์˜

์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋„์˜ ์•ž ํ˜น์€ ๋’ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ƒ์••

์ด ์„ฑ๋ฌธ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์••๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์„ฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜

์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์Œ๋“ค์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์—ฌ๊ณผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์—ญํ• 

์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์Œ์›๊ณผ ์—ฌ๊ณผ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ

์€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—ญํ•™์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋„๋ก ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ”ผ

๋“œ๋ฐฑ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋น„์„ ํ˜• ์Œ์›-์—ฌ๊ณผ๊ธฐ ์ด๋ก ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…๋œ๋‹ค(Choi,

2017; Titze, 2006). ์ž…์ˆ ์ด๋‚˜ ํ˜€ ํŠธ๋ฆด, ํ—ˆ๋ฐ, ๋นจ๋Œ€ ํ˜น์€ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ๊ณผ

๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™ ์‹œ, ์„ฑ๋ฌธํ•˜์••๊ณผ ์„ฑ๋ฌธ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์ฆ

๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ

๋ฌธ์— ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค(Berry et al., 2001). ๋˜

ํ•œ, SOVTE ์‹œ ํ›„๋‘ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ํ•˜๊ฐ•๋˜๊ณ , ์ธ๋‘๋Š” ๋„“์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ, ํ›„๋‘ ์ „ํ›„

์˜ ์••์ถ•์€ ์ด์™„๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ(Guzman et al., 2013), ์ด๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ฐ• ๋‚ด ์••๋ ฅ์˜

๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์„ฑ๋„์™€ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ ํšจ๊ณผ

๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค(Radolf, Laukkanen, Horรกฤek, & Liu, 2014).

ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ํ˜ธํก, ๋ฐœ์„ฑ, ๊ณต๋ช…

์˜ ํ˜‘์‘์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ์ด์ฒด์  ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ(holistic voice therapy)์ธ

SOVTE๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๋„์—์„œ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง„๋™์›์˜ ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ž…

๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ, ํ—ˆ๋ฐ, ๋นจ๋Œ€๋ฐœ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์ผ ์ง„๋™์›๊ณผ Lax Vox, ์ž…์ˆ  ๋˜๋Š”

ํ˜€ ํŠธ๋ฆด๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์ค‘ ์ง„๋™์›์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Choi, 2017; Titze,

2006). ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ SOVTE์ธ ์–‘์ˆœ๋งˆ์ฐฐ์Œ[ใ…‚:]์€ ํ•€๋ž€๋“œ์–ด์— ์†

ํ•œ ์Œ์†Œ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋‚˜ ์˜์–ด์˜ ์Œ์†Œ์—๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฐ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ์ž…์ˆ 

์ด ๋‚œ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•ด์•ผ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์˜ ๊ธฐ

์ค€์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” SOVTE์˜ ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•(Laukkanen, 1992; Laukkanen,

Lindholm, Vilkman, Haataja, & Alku, 1996)์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ›„ ๋นจ๋Œ€์ €ํ•ญ๋ฐœ

์„ฑ(flow resistant straws)์œผ๋กœ ํ™•๋Œ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Titze, 2002a).

์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, SOVTE๋Š” ์„ฑ์•…๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์›Œ๋ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• 

์— ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณผ

๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ›„๋‘ ๋ณ‘๋ณ€์ด ์—†๋Š” ์„ฑ์•…๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐœ์„ 

ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Fadel et al., 2016). ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ตœ๊ทผ ์„ฑ๋Œ€

๋ณ‘๋ณ€์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ํ™˜์ž(Guzman et al., 2013)

๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ SOVTE์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์„ฑ

๋Œ€ ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์šฉ์ข…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณ‘๋ณ€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์— ๋Œ€

ํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฏธํกํ•˜๋‹ค.

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์Œ์„ฑ์–ธ์–ด์žฌํ™œ์‚ฌ

์— ์˜ํ•ด ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๊ตฐ์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 

(Choi, 2013), ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€

๋งŽ๋‹ค.

์Œ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ด๋น„์ธํ›„๊ณผ ๋‚ด์› ํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์€

์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด 84.3%์˜ ๋†’์€ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ผ ๋งŒํผ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์Œ

์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ฏ์€

์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์„ ์ž…๊ฒฌ์  ์ƒ์‹,

๊ฐ€์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐœ์„ฑ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ ์กฐ์ ˆ์ด ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ๊ฐ€

์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด์™€ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ ๋ถ€์กฑ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ

๊ถŒ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›์€ ํ™˜์ž ์ค‘ 26.3%๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ข…๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜

๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Ahn, Shin, & Shin, 2016). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์žˆ์–ด

์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ ์šฉ๊ณผ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํ˜‘์กฐ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์™€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ

์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ ํ˜•์„ฑ์€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋ผ

๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ง€์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๊ฒฐ

๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€, ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋…, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ

์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ๋“ฑ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์‹ ๋…์ด๋‚˜ ๊ด€

์ ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Van Leer &

Conner, 2010).

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” SOVTE๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ , ์ด‰๊ฐ์  ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€

์‹œ์ผœ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์Œ

์„ฑ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ถ”ํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋ฏธ

์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋Š” 2016๋…„ 7์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2017๋…„ 7์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ์Œ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ

ํ˜ธ์†Œ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•™๋ณ‘์› ์ด๋น„์ธํ›„๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์›ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›„๋‘๋‚ด์‹œ๊ฒฝ์ƒ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์— ๊ธฐ

์งˆ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋‚˜, ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ƒ๋ถ€์˜ ์••์ถ•์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์„ฑ๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณผ

๊ธด์žฅ์ด ๋™๋ฐ˜๋˜๊ณ , ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋„ ๊ฐ์—ผ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์†๋œ ํŠน์ง•

์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ทผ๊ธด์žฅ์„ฑ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์™€ ์–‘์„ฑ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์ ๋ง‰์งˆํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ฐ›์€

ํ™˜์ž์ด๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ 8๋ช…๊ณผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ 20๋ช… ์ด 28๋ช…์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ‰๊ท ์—ฐ๋ น

์€ 47.9ยฑ14.2์„ธ๋กœ ์ธํ›„๋‘์—ญ๋ฅ˜ ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ํ˜ธํก๊ธฐ ์งˆํ™˜์ด ์—†๊ณ  ๋‚œ์ฒญ๊ณผ

์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฃน๋ณ„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์„ฑ๋ณ„๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š”

Table 1๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.

์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ

ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€

ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋Š” ์„ค๊ณจ ๋’คํŽธ, ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์—ฐ๊ณจ ๋ง‰ ์•ž์ชฝ, ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์—ฐ๊ณจ ๋’ค์ชฝ ์œต๊ธฐ

์™€ ์„ค๊ณจ์ƒ๊ทผ ๋ฐ ์„ค๊ณจํ•˜๊ทผ ์ด‰์ง„ ํ›„ 4์  ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ ํ›„๋‘๊ณผ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€

Page 3: Effects of Laryngeal Massage and Semi-occluded Vocal Tract ...

https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.17434808 http://www.e-csd.org

Ji-Sung Kim, et al. โ€ข Effect of SOVTE in Functional Dysphonia

ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋˜, ๊ณผ๊ธด์žฅ์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ณด

๋‹ค ๋” ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ โ€œ๊ฝƒ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ ๋งก๋“ฏ์ด

๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ฒŒ ์ฝ”๋กœ ์ˆจ์„ ๋“ค์ด ์‰ฌ๊ณ , ๋‚ด์‰ด ๋•Œ๋Š” ์•ฝ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ƒ์ฒ˜์— ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ๋ถˆ

๋“ฏ์ด ๊ธธ๊ณ  ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”โ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ค€ ํ›„, ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์—๋งŒ

ํ•œ ์†์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์†Œ์š”์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ 7-10

๋ถ„ ๋‚ด์™ธ์˜€๋‹ค. ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Š” ํ‰์‡„์œ ๋Œ๊ทผ๊ณผ ์„ค๊ณจ์ƒ๊ทผ ๋ฐ ์„ค๊ณจ

ํ•˜๊ทผ, ์„ค๊ณจ๊ณผ ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์—ฐ๊ณจ ์‚ฌ์ด ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์—ฐ๊ณจ๋ง‰ ์•ž์ชฝ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€

๋‹ค. ํ‰์‡„์œ ๋Œ๊ทผ์€ ์‡„๊ณจ์—์„œ ์œ ์–‘๋Œ๊ธฐ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ›„ ๋‹ค

์‹œ ์‡„๊ณจ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์–‘์ชฝ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์„ค๊ณจ ๋’คํŽธ๊ณผ ์„ค๊ณจ์ƒ๊ทผ ๋ฐ

ํ•˜๊ทผ์€ ์—„์ง€์™€ ๊ฒ€์ง€๋กœ ์›์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“ฏ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ

๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์—ฐ๊ณจ ๋Œ€๊ฐ(superior horn)์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ์—„

์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์–‘์ชฝ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์›์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“ฏ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ ํ›„ ์—„์ง€์™€ ๊ฒ€์ง€๋กœ ๋‹ค

์‹œ ์–‘์ชฝ์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์„ค๊ณจ ๋ง‰ ์•ž์ชฝ์€ ๋จผ์ € ์—„์ง€์™€

๊ฒ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ ํ›„ ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์—ฐ๊ณจ ๋Œ€๊ฐ(superior

horn)์„ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ์‚ด์ง ๋ˆ„๋ฅธ ํ›„ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ํ„ฑ์„ ์„œ์„œํžˆ ์œ„์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜

์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ์—„์ง€์™€ ๊ฒ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์—ฐ๊ณจ์„ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ

ํ•˜๊ฐ•์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์—„์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์—ฐ๊ณจ์„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ขŒ์ธก๊ณผ

์šฐ์ธก์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏผ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์‹ฌํ˜ธํกํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™

๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์šด๋™์€ ์ธ์œ„์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„๋ถ€

ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ƒํƒœ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ(Choi, 2017;

Titze, 2002a), ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™์€ ์ง๊ฒฝ์ด ์ž‘์€ ์ €ํ•ญ์ด ๋งค์šฐ

๋†’์€ ๋นจ๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ, ์ €ํ•ญ์ด ๋น„๊ต์  ์ ์€ ๋„“์€ ๋นจ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ, ์–‘

์ˆœ์œ ์„ฑ๋งˆ์ฐฐ์Œ[ใ…‚:], ์ž…์ˆ ํŠธ๋ฆด, ๋น„๊ฐ•์ž์Œ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ—ˆ๋ฐ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ

๊ฐ๊ฐ 5-10๋ถ„์”ฉ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์‹œ์— ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™์˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง

์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์Œ๋„์ƒ์Šน๊ณผ ํ•˜

๊ฐ•, ์—ฐ์žฅ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ gliding์ด๋‚˜ scaling์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์Œ๋„์ƒ

์Šน๊ณผ ํ•˜๊ฐ•์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ํ›„ ํŽ„์Šค ์„ฑ๊ตฌ, ํ‰์„ฑ๊ตฌ, ๊ฐ€์„ฑ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„

์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ์ž…์ˆ  ํŠธ๋ฆด๋กœ gliding๊ณผ scal-

ing์œผ๋กœ ์Œ๋„์ƒ์Šน๊ณผ ์Œ๋„ ํ•˜๊ฐ•์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ดํ›„ ํ‰์„ฑ

๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ž…์ˆ  ํŠธ๋ฆด๋กœ ์Œ๋„๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์—ฐ์žฅ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ

๊ฐ€์„ฑ๊ตฌ์™€ ํŽ„์Šค์„ฑ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž…์ˆ  ํŠธ๋ฆด๋กœ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜

์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ—ˆ๋ฐ๊ณผ ์–‘์ˆœํŒŒ์—ด์Œ[ใ…‚:], ๋นจ๋Œ€๋ฐœ์„ฑ๋„ ๋™์ผ

ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ—ˆ๋ฐ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ณต๋ช…๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•๊ณผ

์ธ๋‘๊ฐ• ํ™•์žฅ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์›์ˆœ๋ชจ์Œ/ใ…—/์˜ ํฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ,

์–‘์ˆœ๋งˆ์ฐฐ์Œ[ใ…‚:]์€ โ€˜๋ฑƒ๊ณ ๋™ ์†Œ๋ฆฌโ€™๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋จผ

์ € ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์ธ๋‘์˜ ํŒฝ์ฐฝ์„ ์ง€๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€

๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€๊ฐ์„ ํ• 

์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์—ฐ์žฅ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์˜ ํ›„๋ฐ˜๋ถ€์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ๋ณต๊ทผ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ•๊ฐ๊ณผ ํ—ˆ๋ฐ

์ด๋‚˜ ์–‘์ˆœ๋งˆ์ฐฐ์Œ[ใ…‚:] ๋ฐœ์„ฑ, ๋นจ๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์‹œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์•ˆ๋ฉด์˜ ๊ณต๋ช…๊ฐ

์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€๊ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™˜์ž๋Š” ๋”

์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ๋ถ„์„

์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ํ›„ ์†Œ์Œ์ด ํ†ต์ œ๋œ ์กฐ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค์—์„œ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์„

๋…น์Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํ™˜์ž๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ์™€ ์ž…๊ณผ ์•ฝ 10 cm์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ 

ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์Œ๋„์™€ ๊ฐ•๋„์—์„œ ๋ชจ์Œ /ใ…/๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ,

28๋ช…์˜ ํ™˜์ž๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด 56๊ฐœ์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. /ใ…/์—ฐ์žฅ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ

์ค‘ ์•ˆ์ •๊ตฌ๊ฐ„ 1์ดˆ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์—ฌ Kay PENTAX์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ Multi-

speech 3.7์˜ Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉ

ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ Average Fundamental Frequency (F0),

Standard Deviation of F0 (STD), Jitter Percent (Jitter), Pitch Pertur-

bation Quotient (PPQ), Fundamental Frequency Variation (vF0)์™€

์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐ•๋„ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ Shimmer Percent (Shimmer), Amplitude Per-

turbation Quotient (APQ), Peak to Peak Amplitude Variation

(vAm), ์ง„์ „ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ F0 Tremor Intensity Index (FTRI), Ampli-

tude Tremor Intensity Index(ATRI), ์žก์Œ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ Noise to Har-

monic Ratio (NHR), Voice Turbulence Index (VTI), Soft Phona-

tion Index (SPI), Sub-harmonic ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ Degree of Sub-Harmon-

ic (DSH), Degree of Voiceless (DUV)๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ์ฐจ์ด

๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ํ‰๊ฐ€

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š” ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ํ›„ /ใ…/๋ชจ์Œ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ , GRBAS์ฒ™

๋„๋กœ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ํ‰๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ ํ™•์ธ์„

์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋น„์ธํ›„๊ณผ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ์ž„์ƒ๊ฒฝํ—˜ 5๋…„ ์ด์ƒ์ธ 1๊ธ‰์–ธ์–ด์žฌํ™œ์‚ฌ 2

๋ช…์ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋œ ๋…น์Œ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ํ‰์ •

์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ-์žฌ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์Œ์„ฑ์ž๋ฃŒ

์ค‘ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ 20%๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž„์ƒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„

์˜ โ€˜Gโ€™, โ€˜Rโ€™, โ€˜Bโ€™, โ€˜Aโ€™, โ€˜Sโ€™์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ 92%, 86%, 83%,

Table 1. Participantsโ€™ information (N= 28)

Characteristic Value

Age (yr) 47.9ยฑ 14.2Diagnosis Muscle tension dysphonia (M/F) 14 (4/10) Vocal nodules (M/F) 7 (2/5) Vocal polyp (M/F) 7 (2/5)

Values are presented as meanยฑ SD or number.M= male; F= female.

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ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„ํ›ˆ๋ จ์ด ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ โ€ข ๊น€์ง€์„ฑ ์™ธ

80%, 82%์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, โ€˜Gโ€™, โ€˜Rโ€™, โ€˜Bโ€™, โ€˜Aโ€™, โ€˜Sโ€™์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ-์žฌ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ

์ž1์€ 97%, 93%, 94%, 88%, 90%์˜€๊ณ  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž2๋Š” 95%, 90%, 93%,

86%, 88%์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž ๊ฐ„ GRBAS์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š”

๋‘ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ฐ™์ด ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์˜ํ•œ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ตœ์ข… ์ธก

์ •์น˜๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ฒซ ํšŒ๊ธฐ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์—ฌ๋ถ€

๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜

๋ฃŒ ์ฒซ ํšŒ๊ธฐ ํ›„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์ข…๊ฒฐ(immediately

termination after 1st voice therapy), ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์ž„์ƒ๊ฐ€ ์ข…๊ฒฐ(ter-

mination after voice therapy), ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ์ทจ์†Œ ํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ, ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ

์ข…๊ฒฐ ์š”๊ตฌ(demand of voice therapy termination), ํ›„๋‘๋ฏธ์„ธ์ˆ  ์‹œํ–‰

(microsurgery)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ถ„์„

์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ํ›„์˜ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์ 

์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด SPSS (Statistics Package for the Social Sci-

ence version 21.0)์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ์ง‘๋‹จ๋ณ„๋กœ Wil-

coxonโ€™s signed-ranks test๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 95% ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์œ ์˜์„ฑ์„

๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ํ›„์˜ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ์ธก์ •์น˜

๋น„๊ต

MDVP๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ํ›„ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” Tables 2, 3๊ณผ

๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ(STD)๋Š” ๊ทผ๊ธด์žฅ์„ฑ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์žฅ์• (muscle

tension dysphonia, MTD)์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 8.913 Hz, ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 1.784

Hz๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ 9.77 Hz์—์„œ 1.68 Hz๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ

ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ 3.12 Hz์—์„œ 2.93 Hz์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ฃผํŒŒ

์ˆ˜๋ณ€๋™๋ฅ (Jitter)์€ MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 2.384%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.719%

๋กœ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 1.357%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.925%๋กœ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ

์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ 1.606%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.613%๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์žฅ๋‹จ๊ธฐ ์ฃผํŒŒ

์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€์ด์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” PPQ๋Š” MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 1.474%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ

ํ›„ 0.43%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.816%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.525%

๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.943%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.36%๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜

์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•๋„๋ณ€๋™๋ฅ (shimmer)์€ MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 10.021%์—์„œ

์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 5.931%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 9.053%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„

5.04%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 7.55%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 4.339%๋กœ ๊ฐ

์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. vFo (๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€์ด)๋Š” MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 5.31%์—

Table 2. Comparison of acoustic measures before and after trial therapy in the muscle tension dysphonia group

Before After Z

STD 8.913 (13.137) 1.784 (1.347) -3.233***Jitter 2.384 (1.526) .719 (.374) -3.233***PPQ 1.474 (1.001) .430 (.238) -3.296***vF0 5.310 (8.255) .913 (.573) -3.233***Shimmer 10.021 (4.581) 5.932 (2.193) -2.919**APQ 7.288 (3.678) 4.531 (1.704) -2.856**vAm 15.830 (8.614) 9.517 (3.595) -2.480*NHR .226 (.107) .143 (.026) -3.140**VTI .079 (.032) .057 (.017) -2.544*SPI 5.502 (2.403) 5.428 (3.185) -.534FTRI 0.414 (0.384) .184 (.190) -2.062*ATRI 5.792 (6.739) 2.075 (2.132) -1.600DSH 5.641 (8.481) 1.283 (2.580) -1.859DUV 14.219 (25.228) .000 (.000) -2.366*

Values are presented as mean (SD).STD= standard deviation of F0; PPQ= pitch perturbation quotient; vF0 = fundamental frequency variation; APQ = amplitude perturbation quotient; vAm = peak to peak amplitude variation; NHR= noise to harmonic ratio; VTI= Voice Turbulence Index; SPI= Soft Phonation Index; FTRI= F0 Tremor Intensity Index; ATRI= Amplitude Trem-or Intensity Index; DSH= degree of sub-harmonic; DUV= degree of voiceless.*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.

์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.913%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 5.994%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„

0.932%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 1.717%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.854%๋กœ

๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. vAm (๊ฐ•๋„๋ณ€์ด)๋Š” MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 15.83%์—์„œ

์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 9.517%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 13.265%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„

8.675%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 12.314%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 11.161%

๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋น„์ •์ƒ๋ฐฐ์Œ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์  ์žก์Œ

์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” NHR (์žก์Œ๋Œ€ ์†Œ์Œ๋น„)์€ MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.226์„œ

์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.143๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.17์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.148

๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.168์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.138๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ

๋‹ค. VTI (๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ ์žก์Œ๋Œ€ ์†Œ์Œ๋น„)๋Š” MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.079์—์„œ

์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.057๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.062์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.054

๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.070์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.05๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

SPI (์ €์ฃผํŒŒ์™€ ๊ณ ์ฃผํŒŒ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์Œ๊ตฌ์กฐ)์€ MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 5.5์—

์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 5.4๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 8.1์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 7.2๋กœ ๊ฐ

์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 6.0์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 6.5๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜

์˜€๋‹ค. FTRI (๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ์ง„์ „)์€ MTD์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.414%์—์„œ

์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.184%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.346%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„

1.55%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.361%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.329%๋กœ

๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ATRI (์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐ•๋„ ์ง„์ „)์€ MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 5.792%

์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 2.075%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 6.504%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ

ํ›„ 2.307%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 3.51%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 1.052%

Page 5: Effects of Laryngeal Massage and Semi-occluded Vocal Tract ...

https://doi.org/10.12963/csd.17434810 http://www.e-csd.org

Ji-Sung Kim, et al. โ€ข Effect of SOVTE in Functional Dysphonia

Table 3. Comparisons of MDVP acoustic measures before and after voice therapy in the vocal nodules and polyp groups

Nodules Polyp

Before After Z Before After Z

STD 9.767 (20.352) 1.676 (0.695) -1.859 3.115 (3.064) 2.933 (4.492) -1.014Jitter 1.357 (0.897) 0.925 (0.562) -1.859 1.606 (1.496) 0.613 (0.234) -2.197*PPQ 0.816 (0.528) 0.525 (0.292) -1.859 0.943 (0.909) 0.360 (0.151) -2.197*vF0 5.994 (12.690) 0.932 (0.319) -1.859 1.717 (1.342) 0.854 (0.369) -1.859Shimmer 9.053 (4.753) 5.040 (2.204) -2.197* 7.550 (3.101) 4.339 (1.730) -2.366*APQ 6.616 (3.139) 3.830 (1.480) -2.366* 4.965 (1.875) 3.311 (1.141) -2.366*vAm 13.265 (4.730) 8.675 (4.643) -2.028* 12.314 (4.622) 11.161 (4.211) -.676NHR 0.170 (0.044) 0.148 (0.022) -1.363 0.168 (0.050) 0.138 (0.019) -1.572VTI 0.062 (0.016) 0.054 (0.017) -1.014 0.070 (0.025) 0.050 (0.010) -1.521SPI 8.103 (3.450) 7.259 (2.379) -1.014 6.071 (3.608) 6.526 (4.892) -.507FTRI 0.346 (0.233) 0.155 (0.206) -1.992* 0.361 (0.352) 0.329 (0.276) -.105ATRI 6.504 (2.729) 2.307 (2.634) -2.366* 3.510 (3.877) 1.052 (1.317) -1.363DSH 4.593 (4.903) 2.192 (3.832) -1.095 4.889 (8.855) 0.000 -1.342DUV 4.700 (9.082) 0.000 (0.000) -1.342 0.866 (2.291) 0.000 -1.0

Values are presented as mean (SD).MDVP= Multi-Dimensional Voice Program; STD= standard deviation of F0; PPQ= pitch perturbation quotient; vF0 = fundamental frequency variation; APQ= amplitude perturba-tion quotient; vAm= peak to peak amplitude variation; NHR= noise to harmonic ratio; VTI= Voice Turbulence Index; SPI= Soft Phonation Index; FTRI= F0 Tremor Intensity In-dex; ATRI= Amplitude Tremor Intensity Index; DSH= degree of sub-harmonic; DUV= degree of voiceless.*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.

Table 4. Comparison of F0 measures before and after trial therapy

Before After Z

MTD Male (N= 4) 192.976 (50.024) 203.590 (25.132 -.866 Female (N= 10) 148.511 (46.646) 155.060 (23.706) -.365Nodules Male (N= 2) 179.417 (22.105) 198.083 (25.355) -.573 Female (N= 5) 137.433 (.682) 132.688 (.196) -1.342Polyp Male (N= 2) 195.495 (33.105) 200.160 (36.874) -1.483 Female (N= 5) 107.209 (9.520) 126.212 (28.557 -1.342

Values are presented as mean (SD).MTD= muscle tension dysphonia.*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.

Table 5. Comparisons of auditory-perceptual measures before and after trial therapy during /a/ sustained vowel phonation among hyperfunctional dysphonic groups

MTD Nodules Polyp

Before After Z Before After Z Before After Z

G 2.214 (.699) 1.071 (.475) -2.859** 1.571 (.787) 1.00 (.577) -2.0* 1.857 (.690) 1.286 (.756) -2.0*R 1.286 (.914) .500 (.650) -2.598** 1.143 (.690) .571 (.535) -2.0* .714 (.756) .429 (.535) -1.414B 1.071 (.829) .500 (.650) -2.530* .714 (1.113) .429 (.787) -1.414 1.286 (1.113) .857 (.900) -1.732A .429 (.756) .000 (.000) -1.857 .143 (.378) .000 -1.0 .143 (.378) .000 -1.0S .429 (.756) .143 (.363) -1.633 .143 (.378) .000 -1.0 .286 (.488) .000 -1.414

Values are presented as mean (SD).MTD= muscle tension dysphonia.*p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.

๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด ์Œ์„ฑ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ธก์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”

non-hamonics์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธธ์ด ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” DUV (๋ฌด๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์ •

๋„)๋Š” MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 14.21%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘

๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 4.7%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0%๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „

0.866%์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. DSH (์ด์ค‘์Œ์„ฑ ์ •๋„)๋Š”

MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 5.641์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 1.283๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด

์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 4.539์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 2.192๋กœ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 4.889

์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. MTD์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์ค‘

STD, Jitter, PPQ, vF0, Shimmer, APQ, vAm, NHR, VTI, FTRI,

ATRI, DUV์—์„œ Nodule์ง‘๋‹จ์€ Shimmer, APQ, vAm, FTRI, ATRI

์—์„œ Polyp์ง‘๋‹จ์€ Jitter, PPQ, Shimmer, APQ์—์„œ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ

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ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„ํ›ˆ๋ จ์ด ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ โ€ข ๊น€์ง€์„ฑ ์™ธ

๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค(p< .05). ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ํ›„ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” Table 4์™€ ๊ฐ™์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ,

์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ํ›„ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค(p>.05).

GRBAS๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ํ›„ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ

๊ณผ๋Š” Table 5์™€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ โ€˜Gโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 2.214์—์„œ ์น˜

๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 1.071๋กœ, โ€˜Rโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 1.286์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.5๋กœ, โ€˜Bโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„

๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 1.071์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.5๋กœ, โ€˜Aโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.429์—์„œ

์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0์œผ๋กœ, โ€˜Sโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.429์—์„œ 0.143์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ โ€˜Gโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 1.571์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 1.0์œผ๋กœ, โ€˜Rโ€™

์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 1.143์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.571๋กœ, โ€˜Bโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.714

์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.429๋กœ, โ€˜Aโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.143์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0์œผ๋กœ,

โ€˜Sโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.143์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข…

์ง‘๋‹จ์€ โ€˜Gโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 1.857์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 1.286๋กœ, โ€˜Rโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š”

์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.714์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.429๋กœ, โ€˜Bโ€™์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 1.286์—์„œ ์น˜

๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0.857๋กœ, โ€˜Aโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.143์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0์œผ๋กœ, โ€˜Sโ€™ ์ฒ™๋„

๋Š” ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ 0.286์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ 0์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ G,

R, B์—์„œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ G, R์—์„œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ G์—์„œ ์œ ์˜

ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค(p< .05).

์ฒซ ํšŒ๊ธฐ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ค‘๋‹จ์œจ์„

์ถ”์ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Table 6๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. Figure 1์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด

28๋ช… ์ค‘ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฒซ ํšŒ๊ธฐ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ›„ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„  ํšจ๊ณผ๋กœ ์Œ์„ฑ

์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ข…๊ฒฐํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” 9๋ช…(32.1%), ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ง€

์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 8๋ช…(28.6%), ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒฝ

์šฐ 3๋ช…(10.7%), 17.9%์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” 5๋ช…๋„ ์ฒซ ํšŒ๊ธฐ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ

์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์—

์˜ํ•ด ์ค‘๋„ ์ข…๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ฒซ ํšŒ๊ธฐ ์Œ์„ฑ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์Œ

์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, 3๋ช…(10.7%)์€ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ํ™˜์ž

๋กœ์„œ ์˜ˆ์ •๋Œ€๋กœ ํ›„๋‘๋ฏธ์„ธ์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.

์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ดํ›„ ์ข…๊ฒฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์„ธ์…˜ ์ˆ˜๋Š” Ta-

ble 7๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. Table 7์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž ์ค‘ MTD ์ง„

๋‹จ ๋ฐ›์€ 14๋ช… ์ค‘ 8๋ช…์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ 1ํšŒ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ›„ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์œผ

๋กœ, 5๋ช…์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ 2.6ํšŒ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ›„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ข…๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2๋ช…

์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ 2ํšŒ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ›„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ์Œ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด

์–ด ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ข…๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ๋กœ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž 7

๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์€ 1ํšŒ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ›„ 1ํšŒ ๋” ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, 3๋ช…

์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ 3ํšŒ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ›„, 2๋ช…์€ ์˜ˆ์ •๋œ ํ›„๋‘๋ฏธ์„ธ์ˆ ์„ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  2

ํšŒ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋” ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ํ›„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ข…๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€

๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ํ™˜์ž ์ค‘ 2๋ช…์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ 2ํšŒ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ›„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ์Œ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ

๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์–ด ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ข…๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข…์œผ๋กœ

์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ›์€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž 7๋ช… ์ค‘ 2๋ช…์€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์„ฑ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ดํ›„ ์˜ˆ์ •๋œ ํ›„

๋‘๋ฏธ์„ธ์ˆ  ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์Œ์„ฑ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์›ํ•˜์—ฌ 3ํšŒ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜

๊ณ , ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ข…๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ํ™˜์ž ์ค‘ 2๋ช…์€ ์Œ์„ฑ

์น˜๋ฃŒ 1.5ํšŒ ์‹ค์‹œ ํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘ ์Œ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์–ด

ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์˜ํ•ด ์ข…๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข… ํ™˜์ž ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 3๋ช…์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜

๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์˜ˆ์ •๋Œ€๋กœ ํ›„๋‘๋ฏธ

์„ธ์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.

Table 6. Voice therapy adherence after 1st voice therapy session

Immediately VT Cancel and VT Demand Surgery

MTD 8 (28.6) 5 (17.9) - 1 (3.6) -Nodules 1 (3.6) 3 (10.7) 1 (3.6) 2 (7.1) -Polyp - - 2 (7.1) 2 (7.1) 3 (10.7) Total 9 (32.1) 8 (28.6) 3 (10.7) 5 (17.9) 3 (10.7)

Values are presented as number (%).Immediately= immediately termination after 1st voice therapy session; VT= termina-tion after voice therapy; Cancel and VT= cancellation of surgery followed by voice therapy; Demand= demand for voice therapy termination.

Table 7. Average number of sessions until termination of voice therapy

Immediately VT Cancel and VT Demand Surgery

MTD 1.0 2.6 - 2.0 -Nodules 1.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 -Polyp - - 3.0 1.5 1Total 1.0 2.8 2.5 1.8 1

Immediately= immediately termination after 1st voice therapy session; VT= termina-tion after voice therapy; Cancel and VT= cancellation of surgery followed by voice therapy; Demand= demand for voice therapy termination.

Figure 1. Voice therapy termination and adherence rate.Immediately= immediately termination after 1st voice therapy session; VT= termination after voice therapy; Cancel and VT= cancellation of surgery followed by voice therapy; Demand= demand for voice therapy termination.

Figure 1. Voice therapy termination and adherence rate. Immediately=immediately termination after 1st voice therapy session; VT=termination after voice therapy; Cancel and

VT=cancellation of surgery followed by voice therapy; Demand=demand for voice therapy termination.

Figure 1. Voice therapy termination and adherence rate. Immediately=immediately termination after 1st voice therapy session; VT=termination after voice therapy; Cancel and

VT=cancellation of surgery followed by voice therapy; Demand=demand for voice therapy termination.

Immediately

VT

Cancel and VT

Demand

Surgery

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Ji-Sung Kim, et al. โ€ข Effect of SOVTE in Functional Dysphonia

๋…ผ์˜ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก 

์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์€ ํ›„๋‘๋ฏธ์„ธ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์  ์น˜๋ฃŒ, ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์น˜

๋ฃŒ, ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ์น˜๋ฃŒ

๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ ‘์น˜๋ฃŒ์™€ ์ง์ ‘์น˜๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์—์„œ

์žˆ์–ด ๊ฐ„์ ‘์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ํ›„๋‘์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‹ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์Œ

์„ฑ์œ„์ƒํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ์‚ฐ์ถœ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋„

๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์ง์ ‘์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์Œ์„ฑํšจ์œจ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์Œ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ 

์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถค์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋‚˜์œ ์˜ํ–ฅ

์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์Œ์„ฑ์‚ฐ์ถœ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ›„๋‘์˜ ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ์  ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ 

์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ํ•˜ํ’ˆ-ํ•œ์ˆจ๊ธฐ

๋ฒ•, ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€, ๋…ธ๋ž˜์กฐ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์ด‰์ง„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ณต

๋ช… ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•, ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ํ›ˆ๋ จ, ์—‘์„ผํŠธ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•, ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™๊ธฐ๋ฒ•

(Titze, 2006)๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ˜ธํก, ๋ฐœ์„ฑ, ๊ณต๋ช…์˜ ํ˜‘์‘์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ์ด์ฒด์ 

์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ(holistic voice therapy) ๋“ฑ์ด ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ฃผ๋œ ์ง์ ‘

์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค(Ferrand, 2011).

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ์ค‘ ์ž…์ˆ  ํŠธ๋ฆด, ํ—ˆ๋ฐ, ์–‘์ˆœ๋งˆ์ฐฐ์Œ,

๋นจ๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์น˜๋ฃŒํšจ

๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ›„์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์™€ ์ค‘๋‹จ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ถ”์  ์กฐ์‚ฌ

ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ SOVTE ์ค‘ ์ž…์ˆ  ํŠธ๋ฆด์€ ์—ฐ์žฅ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ๋™์•ˆ

๋‘ ์ž…์ˆ ๊ณผ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ง„๋™์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ์—ฐ์žฅ๋œ ํ—ˆ๋ฐ๊ณผ ์–‘์ˆœ์œ ์„ฑ๋งˆ

์ฐฐ์Œ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์€ ๋น„์Œ /ใ…/, /ใ„ด/์ด๋‚˜ /ใ…‚/๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ž์Œ์„

์œ„ํ•ด ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ํ์‡„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค. ๋นจ๋Œ€๋ฐœ์„ฑ์€ ์ž…์ˆ  ์‚ฌ

์ด์— ๋นจ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ๋™์•ˆ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ

๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๋„์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์œ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ์„ฑ๋„์˜ ์Œํ–ฅ๊ด€์„ฑ(acous-

tic inertance)์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋นจ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋„ˆ๋น„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ณต๊ธฐ

ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ €ํ•ญ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋นจ๋Œ€ ์ง๊ฒฝ์ด ์ข์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ํฐ

์ €ํ•ญ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ , ๋„“์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค(Choi, 2017). ๋นจ๋Œ€๋ฅผ

์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์€ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ๋™์•ˆ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•๋‚ด์••์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ ์„ฑ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋Œ€

๋“ฑํ•œ ์ž„ํ”ผ๋˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค(Titze, 2002a, 2002b).

ํ—ˆ๋ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋น„์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” SOVTE๋Š” ์„ฑ๋„์˜ ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ ์ž…์ˆ 

๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ง‰์•„ ์—ฌ๊ณผ๊ธฐ์ธ ์„ฑ๋„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์Œ์›์ธ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์— ์ž… ๋’ค์ชฝ์˜ ์••๋ ฅ

(back pressure) ์ฆ‰, ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์••์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์™ธ์ „๋œ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ

๋งŒ๋“ฆ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ๋ถ€๋”ชํž˜์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์€ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฐ€

์ง„๋™ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ์—ญํ•™์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜๋˜๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ

์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์„ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ์ „ํŒŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ, ์„ฑ๋„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ง‰์œผ

๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ง‰์€ ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๋‹ฟ์•„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์  ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ,

ํ—ˆ๋ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ž…์ˆ ์„ ๋ง‰์œผ๋ฉด ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ž…์ˆ ๊ณผ ์–ผ๊ตด ์•ˆ๋ฉด๋ถ€

์œ„์— ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ช…์˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค€๋‹ค(Choi, 2017; Ti-

tze, 2006). ์–‘์ˆœ๋งˆ์ฐฐ์Œ [ใ…‚:]๋ฐœ์„ฑ์€ ๋ณผ์„ ๋ถ€ํ’€๋ ค ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์— ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€

๋“ ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ณ  ๋ณผ์ด ๊บผ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ž…์ˆ ์„ ์ขํžˆ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด

๋•Œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ SOVTE๋Š”

๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ํ—ˆ๋ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์„ฑ๋„์˜ ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์„

์ขํ˜€ ์ž… ๋’ค์ชฝ ์••๋ ฅ์ธ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์••์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ ํ—ˆ๋ฐ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€

์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ SOVTE ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์—์„œ์˜ ์ขํž˜์œผ๋กœ

์ธํ•ด ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์—์„œ ํฐ ์Œํ–ฅ์••๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต

๋ช… ๊ฐ๊ฐ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์••์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ƒ์••๊ณผ

์„ฑ๋ฌธํ•˜์••์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์—ฌ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ ‘์ด‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ

๋„๋ก ์œ ๋„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ SOVTE ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „๊ณผ ํ›„์˜ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™

์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต ์‹œ, MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์Œ๋„์˜ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” Jit-

ter, PPQ์™€ ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” Shimmer, APQ, ์Œ๋„์˜ ๋ณ€

์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” vF0์™€ ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” vAm์™€ ๋ฐœํ™”๋…ธ๋ ฅ์—

์˜ํ•ด ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ๋„์™€ ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ์ง„์ „๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ

FTRI์™€ ATRI, ์žก์Œ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋น„์ •์ƒ๋ฐฐ์Œ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ

์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜์  ์žก์Œ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” NHR๊ณผ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ํ์‡„์˜ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „์„ฑ์„

๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” VTI์™€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ธก์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•ด ์Œ์„ฑ

๋Š๊น€ ์—†์ด ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” DUV๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜

์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ Shimmer, APQ, vAm, FTRI, ATRI๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๋Œ€

์šฉ์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ Jitter, PPQ, Shimmer, APQ์—์„œ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜

ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์„ธ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ

์œผ๋‚˜, MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์—์„œ F0์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋กœ์„œ ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด

๋Š” STD๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.

์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ์ค‘์ฆ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก Jitter, Shimmer, NHR๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜

๊ณ , ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ์ค‘์ฆ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ

์— ๋ณ€๋™๋ฅ  ๋ถ„์„์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์งˆ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ

์Œํ–ฅ์ง€ํ‘œ๋Š” F0, Jitter, Shimmer, NHR (Wolfe, Fitch, & Cornell,

1995)๋กœ, ๊ทธ ์ค‘ Jitter์™€ Shimmer๋Š” ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธ

ํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋ณ‘์  ์Œ์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์Œํ–ฅ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ ํƒ€๋‹น๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ณ (Fex,

Fex, Shiromoto, & Hirano, 1994; Kong et al., 2007), PPQ์™€ APQ

์—ญ์‹œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ์ง„๋™์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „๊ณผ ํ›„์˜

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค(Ahn, Lee, Kang, & Lee,

1995; Hirano et al., 1988). ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์—์„œ ํ›„๋‘๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ๊ฐ•๋„

์˜ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ˜์˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ(Klingholz & Martin, 1989; Kwon

& Wang, 2008), Hong, Yang๊ณผ Kim (2002)์€ ๋ณ‘์  ์Œ์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ™”๋…ธ

๋ ฅ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ์˜ ๊ธด์žฅ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ธด

์žฅ์ด ๋‚ด์ „ ์‹œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์ ‘์ด‰๋ฅ ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•จ๊ณผ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด

์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฐœํ™”๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ๋ณ€์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด

๋Š” vAm์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, Lee ๋“ฑ(2013)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—

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ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„ํ›ˆ๋ จ์ด ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ โ€ข ๊น€์ง€์„ฑ ์™ธ

์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋„ ์ง„์ „๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ ARTI๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํ™”๋…ธ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ค€

์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ์Œ์„ฑํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ž„์ƒ์—์„œ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์ค‘๋“ฑ๋„๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š”

์ •์„์œผ๋กœ(Kreiman, Gerratt, Kempster, Erma, & Berke, 1993; Ma

& Yiu, 2006; Yu, Choi, Choi, & Lee, 2017), ๋งค์šฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์ 

์„ฑ์งˆ์€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์Œ์งˆ๊ณผ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ์Œํ–ฅ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž„์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ

๋” ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค(Sohn, 2008).

GRBAS ์ฒ™๋„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „๊ณผ ํ›„์˜ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ

์  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋น„๊ต ์‹œ, ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์„ธ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ

์ค‘์ฆ๋„(G)๊ฐ€ ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, MTD ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์กฐ์กฐ์„ฑ(R)๊ณผ ๊ธฐ

์‹์„ฑ(B), ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ ์ง‘๋‹จ์€ ์กฐ์กฐ์„ฑ(R)์—์„œ๋„ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์Œ

์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ํ‰๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ

๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ SOVTE๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ธด์žฅ๋œ ์„ฑ๋„์™€ ํ›„๋‘ ๋‚ด์™ธ๊ทผ ์ด

์™„์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์„ฑ๋Œ€์— ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€ํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์ ‘

์ด‰์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœํ™”๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜๊ณ  ์„ฑ๋Œ€์˜ ์ง„๋™์ด ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ด๊ณ  ์•ˆ

์ •ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

Dargin, DeLaunay์™€ Searl (2016)๋Š” ํ˜€ ํŠธ๋ฆด๊ณผ ์ž…์ˆ  ํŠธ๋ฆด, ํŠœ๋ธŒ

๋ฐœ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ SOVTE ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์‹œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์˜ ์ง„ํญ(amplitude)๊ณผ ์ ๋ง‰ํŒŒ๋™

(mucosal wave)์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ›„๋‘์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ํ•˜๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜์ธ๋‘์™€ ์„ฑ

๋ฌธ ์ „ํ›„์˜ ์••์ถ•์ด ์ด์™„๋จ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. Guzman ๋“ฑ(2013)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—

์„œ๋„ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋‚˜ ๋นจ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ ์‹œ ํ•˜์ธ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋„“์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ํ›„๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ

์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋‹จ์ธต์ดฌ์˜(computed tomography, CT)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด

๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํ˜€ ํŠธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด

Menezes ๋“ฑ(2011)์€ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ๋กœ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ฐ›์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ

๊ฐ 1, 3, 5, 7๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ํ˜€ ํŠธ๋ฆด์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, 5๋ถ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์‹œ ์ฒญ์ง€

๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์Œ์งˆ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ์กฐ์กฐ์„ฑ(R), ๊ธฐ์‹์„ฑ(B)์ด ๊ฐ์†Œ๋˜

๊ณ , 7๋ถ„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์‹œ์—๋Š” ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๊ธด์žฅ๊ฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์ •์  ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ๋‚˜

ํƒ€๋‚จ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. Ogawa ๋“ฑ(2014)์€ MTD ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ

๋กœ ํ—ˆ๋ฐ ์‹œ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์กฐ์„ฑ(R)๊ณผ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์ ์ธ ์„ญ๋™ ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์˜

๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ—ˆ๋ฐ์ด ์„ฑ๋Œ€์ ‘์ด‰์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐœ

์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์„ฑ๋Œ€์ง„๋™์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ฑ์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ ‘์ด‰์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”

๋ฐ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™ธ์—๋„ Ogawa ๋“ฑ(2013)์€

์—ฐ์„ฑํ›„๋‘๊ฒฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ—ˆ๋ฐ์ด MTD ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ƒ๋ถ€ ์••์ถ•์„ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ 

์œผ๋กœ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์–‘์„ฑ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์ ๋ง‰์งˆํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ

๋กœ ํ•œ Vlot ๋“ฑ(2017)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ—ˆ๋ฐ ์‹œ EGG ๋ณ€๋™๋ฅ  ๋งค๊ฐœ๋ณ€์ˆ˜

์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ—ˆ๋ฐ์ด ์„ฑ๋Œ€์ง„๋™์„ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ ์Œ์งˆ์˜ ํ–ฅ์ƒ

์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ณ  ์–‘์„ฑ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์ ๋ง‰์งˆํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ธด์žฅ๊ณผ

๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ๋ จ์„ฑ

๋ฐœ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ Lax vox๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ Lim, Choi, Kim๊ณผ

Choi (2016) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” VHI์™€ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์Œ์งˆ(G), ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ฑ(S)์ด ๊ฐ

์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ตœ๋Œ€์—ฐ์žฅ๋ฐœ์„ฑ(MPT)์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ

์ฐจ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๋ จ์„ฑ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๋–จ๋ฆผ์ด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 

ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์€ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ SOVTE

์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ์ ์šฉ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์œผ๋‚˜, ์„ฑ๋„์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ

ํ•˜๋Š” SOVTE์˜ ์›๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ

๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋ฒ•์€ ํ‰์‡„์œ ๋Œ๊ทผ์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ

์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ํ›„๋‘์ƒ๋ถ€, ์„ค๊ณจ, ํ›„๋‘์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” LMT์™€ ์„ค๊ณจ์„ ์ง‘

์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„ค๊ณจ, ๊ฐ‘์ƒ์„ค๊ณจ๊ทผ, ํ›„๋‘, ์ƒ์„ค๊ณจ๊ทผ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰

ํ•˜๋Š” MCT๋ฅผ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ํ•˜๋˜ ์ด‰์ง„ ์‹œ ๊ณผ

๊ธด์žฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๊ณผ ํ†ต์ฆ์„ 4

์  ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ Seo, Lee, Lee์™€ Jung (2011)์˜ LMG-

LMCT์˜ ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ์„œ์™€ ๋ถ€์œ„๊ฐ€

๊ณ ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” MCT๋‚˜ LMT์™€๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ค๋‚จ์šฉ์—

์„œ ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—

์„œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(Aronson, 1990;

Lee & Son, 2005; Lieberman, 1998; Roy & Leeper, 1993; Roy, Ford,

& Bless, 1996; Roy et al., 1997; Roy & Ferguson, 2001; Van Lierde,

De Ley, Clement, De Bodt, & Van Cauwenberge, 2004).

์ฒซ ํšŒ๊ธฐ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ดํ›„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฐœ์„ฑ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ณผ๊ธด์žฅ

์ด ์ด์™„๋˜๊ณ  ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋‚˜, ์žฌ์› ์‹œ ๋‹ค์‹œ

์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ์Œ์งˆ๊ณผ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์—์„œ ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜

๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ์˜ค๋‚จ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ํ˜น์€ ์„ฑ๋Œ€

์˜ ๋ณ‘๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์Šต๊ด€์ด๋‚˜

๋ฐœํ™”๋…ธ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ธด์žฅ์ด ์ผํšŒ์„ฑ์˜ ์‹œ๋„์น˜๋ฃŒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜

๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ดํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์„ธ์…˜์—์„œ ์ž˜

๋ชป๋œ ์Œ์„ฑํ–‰๋™์˜ ์ˆ˜์ •๊ณผ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ๋ฐœ์„ฑ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ด์™„, ํ˜ธํกํ›ˆ๋ จ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€

์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์ด์™„ํ›ˆ๋ จ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ค๋‚จ์šฉ ์™ธ์— ํ›„๋‘๊ทผ๊ธด์žฅ์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ

์›์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ์ž์„ธ์™€ ์›€์ง์ž„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ค‘์žฌ์˜ ํ•„

์š”์„ฑ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์ตœ๊ทผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด 38%์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์˜์‚ฌ์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๊ถŒ

๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ(Portone, Johns, & Hapner, 2008), ์ด ์ค‘์—์„œ

47%๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์–ธ์–ด์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค์ง€

์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Hapner, Portone-Maira์™€ Johns (2009)

์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ค‘๋‹จ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„ ์Œ์„ฑ

์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ค‘๋‹จ์€ ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ์—ฐ๋ น, ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์ง€์ˆ˜, CAPE-V์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์ 

ํ‰์ •, ํ˜น์€ ์ง„๋‹จ๋ช…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณ„๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ Van

Leer์™€ Conner (2010)์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋‚˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ง€

์† ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด๋‚˜ ๋™๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋…์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜

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Ji-Sung Kim, et al. โ€ข Effect of SOVTE in Functional Dysphonia

๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ฒซ ํšŒ๊ธฐ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ดํ›„ 28๋ช…์˜ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž ์ค‘

5๋ช…์€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ข…๊ฒฐํŒ๋‹จ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—†์ด ์ค‘๋„์ข…๊ฒฐ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์—ฌ

์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ค‘๋‹จ ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ต

ํ•ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๋˜

ํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ SOVTE๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ

๊ฐ€ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์ , ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„  ์‹œํ‚ค

๊ณ , ์Œ์„ฑํ‰๊ฐ€ ์ดํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์™€ ์ค‘๋‹จ์—๋„ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„

๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์•„์ง ์‹œ๋„์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—

๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ SOVTE์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ค‘์žฌ(evidence-based

practice)์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋‹ค.

ํ›„์† ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ๊ตฐ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ

๊ตฌ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ๊ณผ์†Œ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ๊ตฐ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์งˆ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• , ์‹ ๊ฒฝํ•™

์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์งˆํ™˜๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์Œ์„ฑ

์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒ ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ

์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๊ต์—ฐ

๊ตฌ๋„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ํ™˜์ž ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์™ธ์— ์Œ์„ฑ

์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์Œ์„ฑ

์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ค‘๋‹จ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ณ  ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ง€์†์„ฑ์„ ๋„๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ

๋ ฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

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ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„ํ›ˆ๋ จ์ด ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ โ€ข ๊น€์ง€์„ฑ ์™ธ

๊ตญ๋ฌธ์ดˆ๋ก

ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„ํ›ˆ๋ จ์ด ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ

๊น€์ง€์„ฑ1,2ยท์ด๋™์šฑ3ยท์ตœ์ฒ ํฌ4ยท์ตœ์„ฑํฌ4

1๋Œ€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ํ†จ๋ฆญ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™์›, 2์ถฉ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋ณ‘์› ์ด๋น„์ธํ›„๊ณผ, 3์ถฉ๋ถ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ด๋น„์ธํ›„๊ณผ, 4๋Œ€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ํ†จ๋ฆญ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์–ธ์–ด์ฒญ๊ฐ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•™๊ณผ

๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์ : ๋†’์€ ํ›„๋‘ ์œ„์น˜, ์ธ๋‘ ํ˜‘์ฐฉ, ํ›„๋‘์™€ ๋ชฉ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ทผ๊ธด์žฅ, ์ƒํ›„๋‘์˜ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋‚ด์ „์€ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ 

์ธ ํŠน์ง•์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€์™€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์‹œํ–‰ ํ›„ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ์„  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์ดํ›„

์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: ๊ทผ๊ธด์žฅ์„ฑ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ ˆ, ์„ฑ๋Œ€์šฉ์ข…์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ›์€ ์„ฑ์ธ 28๋ช…์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ

ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„์šด๋™(์ž…์ˆ  ํŠธ๋ฆด, ํ—ˆ๋ฐ, ์–‘์ˆœ๋งˆ์ฐฐ์Œ [ใ…‚:] ๋ฐœ์„ฑ, ๋นจ๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ)์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ฆ‰๊ฐ

์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 1ํšŒ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ „ํ›„ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ดํ›„ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋„๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ: ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ STD, Jitter, Shimmer, NHR, vAm, vF0, ATRI, FTRI, PPQ, APQ, DSH, VTI, DUV๊ฐ€, ์ฒญ์ง€๊ฐ์ 

ํ‰๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š” โ€˜Gโ€™, โ€˜Rโ€™, โ€˜Bโ€™์—์„œ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ™˜์ž ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋…ผ์˜ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก : ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€์™€

๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•œ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์  ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ ๊ฐœ์„ ์— ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ดํ›„

์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•ต์‹ฌ์–ด: ํ›„๋‘๋งˆ์‚ฌ์ง€, ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„ํ›ˆ๋ จ, ๊ณผ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• , ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ

์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ํ†จ๋ฆญ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๊ต๋‚ด์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋น„ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Œ.

์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ

๊ณต์ผ์Šน, ์กฐ์˜์ฃผ, ์ด๋ช…ํฌ, ๊น€์ข…์Šน, ์–‘์œค์ˆ˜, ํ™๊ธฐํ™˜(2007). ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋งˆ๋น„์™€ ์–‘์„ฑ ์„ฑ๋Œ€์ ๋ง‰์งˆํ™˜์˜ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ๋น„๊ต. ๋Œ€ํ•œ์Œ์„ฑ์–ธ์–ด์˜ํ•™ํšŒ์ง€, 18, 122-128.

๊ถŒ์ˆœ๋ณต, ์™•์ˆ˜๊ฑด(2008). ์–‘์„ฑํ›„๋‘์งˆํ™˜ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ํŠน์ง•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ. ํŠน์ˆ˜๊ต์œก์žฌํ™œ๊ณผํ•™์—ฐ๊ตฌ, 47, 85-100.

์„œ์ธํšจ, ์ด์˜ฅ๋ถ„, ์ด์ƒ์ค€, ์ •ํ•„์ƒ(2011). ์šด๋™ํ•™์Šต์ด๋ก ์— ๊ธฐ์ดˆํ•œ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์šด๋™์กฐ์ ˆ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ทผ์˜ค์šฉ์„ฑ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ. ๋ง์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ณผํ•™, 3,

133-140.

์†์ง„ํ˜ธ(2008). GRBAS ์Œ์„ฑํ‰๊ฐ€์™€ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ์ง€์ˆ˜. ๋Œ€ํ•œ์Œ์„ฑ์–ธ์–ด์˜ํ•™ํšŒ์ง€, 19, 89-95.

์•ˆ์ฒ ๋ฏผ, ์‹ ์ต์„œ, ์‹ ์ •์€(2016). ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์• ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํ›„ ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„. ๋Œ€ํ•œํ›„๋‘์Œ์„ฑ์–ธ์–ด์˜ํ•™ํšŒ์ง€, 27, 35-39.

์•ˆ์ฒ ๋ฏผ, ์ด์ข…ํ˜, ๊ฐ•ํ˜„๊ตญ, ์ด์šฉ๋ฐฐ(1995). ์• ์„ฑํ™˜์ž์—์„œ ์Œํ–ฅ์ง€ํ‘œ์ธ RAP, PPQ ๋ฐ APQ ์˜ ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ. ๋Œ€ํ•œ์Œ์„ฑ์–ธ์–ด์˜ํ•™ํšŒ์ง€, 6, 22-26.

์œ ๋ฏธ์˜ฅ, ์ตœ์„ฑํฌ, ์ตœ์ฒ ํฌ, ์ด๊ฒฝ์žฌ(2017). ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ์ค‘์ฆ๋„ ์ธก์ •์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์บก์ŠคํŠธ๋Ÿผ ์Œํ–ฅ ์ง€ํ‘œ์˜ ์œ ์šฉ์„ฑ. ์–ธ์–ด์ฒญ๊ฐ์žฅ์• ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, 22, 587-596.

์ด์žฌ์„, ๊น€์ง„ํ‰, ๋ฐ•์ •์ œ, ๊ถŒ์˜ค์ง„, ์šฐ์Šนํ›ˆ(2013). ์–‘์„ฑ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ ์ ๋ง‰ ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ์Œํ–ฅํ•™์  ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ. ๋Œ€ํ•œํ›„๋‘์Œ์„ฑ์–ธ์–ด์˜ํ•™ํšŒ์ง€, 24, 47-50.

์ž„ํ˜œ์ง„, ์ตœ์„ฑํฌ, ๊น€์ •๊ทœ, ์ตœ์ฒ ํฌ(2016). ์—ฐ์ถ•์„ฑ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์žฅ์•  ํ™˜์ž์˜ Lax Vox ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ ํšจ๊ณผ. ๋ง์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ณผํ•™, 8, 57-63.

์ตœ์„ฑํฌ(2013). ์Œ์„ฑ์–ธ์–ด์žฌํ™œ์‚ฌ์˜ ์Œ์„ฑํ‰๊ฐ€์™€ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ž„์ƒ์‹ค์ œ: ํ‘œ์ค€ ์ž„์ƒ์ง€์นจ๊ณผ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ค‘์žฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ. ์–ธ์–ด์ฒญ๊ฐ์žฅ์• ์—ฐ๊ตฌ, 18, 473-485.

์ตœ์„ฑํฌ(2017). ๊ณต์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜ํ์‡„์„ฑ๋„ํ›ˆ๋ จ: ์•…์„ผํŠธ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•, ๋นจ๋Œ€ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ, Lax Vox. ํ•œ๊ตญ๊ณต์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๋ฐœ์„ฑ์—ฐ๊ตฌํšŒ์ง€, 4, 11-19.

ํ™๊ธฐํ™˜, ์–‘์œค์ˆ˜, ๊น€ํ˜„๊ธฐ(2002). ์†Œ์Œํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์ •์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ณ‘์  ์Œ์„ฑ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ. ๋ง์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์Œ์„ฑ๊ณผํ•™, 9, 27-38.

Daniel R. Boone, Stephen C. McFarlane, Selley L. Von Berg (2007). ์Œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์Œ์„ฑ์น˜๋ฃŒ(์ œ7ํŒ, ํ™ฉ์˜์ง„, ์œ ์žฌ์—ฐ, ์ •์˜ฅ๋ž€ ์—ญ). ์„œ์šธ: ์‹œ๊ทธ๋งˆํ”„๋ ˆ์Šค.