EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS – COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
-
Upload
natanael-miyer-avila-arqueros -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS – COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
1/34
EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION
NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
Arash Habibi
and
Stewart Gillies
US Mine Ventilation Symposium
Salt Lake City 2012
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
2/34
Introduction
Booster Fans Usage in The World
Experimental Mine Study
Booster Fans Installation
Computational Fluid Dynamic Approach
Conclusion
Outline
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
3/34
Introduction
Booster fan is a large underground fan which is
installed in series with main fan to boost the pressure.
In the United States coal mines are required to use
surface fans for ventilation and the use of boosterfans is prohibited with the exception of anthracite
mines.
In the United States, Title 30 Part 75 Subpart D of theCode of Federal Regulations (CFR) defines the
requirements for underground coal mine ventilation
(Federal Register 2010).
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
4/34
Booster fans in the world
Booster fans are used in mines in all foreign major
coal mining countries requiring this form of
ventilating air motivation including the United
Kingdom,Australia,Poland, South AfricaandChina.
In the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa andmany other countries a performance-based approach
to regulation that emphasizes risk assessment
management is practiced.
For booster fans to be permitted in the UnitedKingdom for instance an extensive ventilation survey
must be conducted to identify how the ventilation
system is affected by booster fans.
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
5/34
Mine is in dolomite. Mine is accessed by two adits and has three
raises to the surface along with the primary ventilation shaft.
MS&T Experimental Mine Study
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
6/34
Ventilation Infrastructure
Experimental mine elbowMain fan
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
7/34
P-Q Survey and Model
(Ventsim Visual)
West Booster Fan
Main Fan
East Booster FanWheeler Portal
Kennedy Portal
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
8/34
Ventilation Stations
#1
#2
#4
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
i di d i i l d
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
9/34
Comparison of predicted Ventsim Visual and
experiments results
Vent Station
Q (m3/s)% Difference MQ vs
VQMeasured Quantity at
Mine
Predicted Ventsim Visual
Results
1 19.0 17.8 6.9
2 18.2 17.8 2.1
3 0.3 0.3 0.0
4 18.3 17.3 5.7
5 16.7 17.4 4.3
6 16.1 15.8 2.0
7 12.2 12.9 4.0
8 12.2 12.9 0.0
9 15.4 15.8 2.5
10 11.9 10.5 13
Average % Difference between measured and Ventsim quantities 4.1
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
10/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
11/34
Booster fan characteristics curve:
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
12/34
#P Area RL Adj Ps P Ps adj V w R K Q (m3/s) %
m m2 Pa kPa kPa Pa Pa m/s Kg/m
3 Ns2/m8 Ns2/m4 Experiment Ventsim
1 9.7 5.8 5.86 98.52 0.01 10 15.86 3.5 1.194 0.03848 0.0662 20.2 18.8 7.4
2 9.3 5.3 4.71 98.51 0.02 20 24.71 3.8 1.200 0.23521 0.6212 20.3 18.7 8.6
3 15.5 12.8 -7.09 98.49 0 0 7.09 0.02 1.205 0.07606 1.3190 0.2 0.2 0.0
4 11.9 8.7 -14.17 98.49 0.02 20 5.83 2.2 1.204 0.01534 0.0299 19.2 17.8 7.6
5 10.1 6.4 12.92 98.47 0.02 20 32.92 3.1 1.197 0.07675 0.0729 19.9 20.0 0.5
6 10.4 6.7 4.67 98.45 0 0 4.67 3.2 1.191 0.01233 0.0065 21.5 20.0 7.4
7 8.3 4.3 1.17 98.45 0.02 20 21.17 4 1.191 0.06954 0.0278 17.3 19.5 11.2
8 8.1 4.1 -14.08 98.43 -0.01 -10 24.08 4.3 1.196 0.06216 0.0256 17.5 19.5 10.5
9 10.3 6.4 -41.26 98.44 0 0 41.26 3.4 1.202 0.13270 0.0549 21.8 20.0 9.2
10 8.0 4.0 98.44 0 3.4 1.203 0.00000 13.5 11.9 13.0
Average % Difference between measured and Ventsim quantities 7.5
Scenario 3, Experimental and Ventsim Visual Results
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
13/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
14/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
15/34
Bulkheads Construction
Blasting during 2011 Summer Explosives camp
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
16/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
17/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
18/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
19/34Wedge Head Anchor Bolt
Cementitious Mixture
Expanded Foam Speray
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
20/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
21/34
CFD Approach
As a mine gets older, leakage will increase asventilation pressure increases and ventilation structures
deteriorate.
Every stopping leaks after a while.
Recirculationis the main concern of using Booster
fan.
The CFD model of experimental mine has been built
based on the simplified Ventsim Ventilation model.
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
22/34
Experimental Mine CFD Model
Booster Fan
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
23/34
CFD Model Outline
G id i d d t t d h b d t d i GAMBIT
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
24/34
Grid independent studyhas been conducted using GAMBIT
(650,000 to 1,200,000 tetrahedral cells).
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
25/34
Simulation Results (No Booster Fan)
The CFD model has been calibrated with experimentalmeasurements.
Model
Air Quantity at Stations (m3/s)
1 2 3 StoppingLeakage
KennedyPortal
RaiseLeakage
Main outlet
Experiment 20.8 20.8 20.8 0.2 0.3 0.3 19.7
CFD 20.8 20.7 20.4 0.12 0.2 0.2 20.5
Difference% 0 0.5 2 66.7 50 50 3.9
No Fan Velocity
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/Symposiom2012/ExpMine/Videos/nofanvelocity1.avihttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/Symposiom2012/ExpMine/Videos/nofanvelocity1.avi -
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
26/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
27/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
28/34
A booster fan, when properly sized and sited, can be
used to assist surface fans to overcome highresistances and to ventilate isolated working
districts.
Uncontrolled recirculationis the main hazard
associated with the utilization of a booster fan.
Monitoring is a basic component of a booster fansystem. Reliable Monitoring System!!
Conclusions
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
29/34
Conclusions (cont.) Legislative restrictions such as restricting use of
booster fans could force the closure of sub economic
operations.
Booster fans could be one of the solutions for
improving the ventilation network. However it is not
the only one. All the other alternatives should be
taken into account.
Three-dimensional CFD technique demonstrates the
airflow direction, pressure drop and the amount of
leakage across the stoppings and bulkheads.
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
30/34
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgement and thanks extended to:
Dr. Gillies, Dr. Tien, Dr. Homan.
Dr. Thiruvengadam (for CFD analysis).
Experimental Mine and Rock Mechanics and Explosives
Research Center personnel (for fan installation).
NIOSH (for funding the project).
Spendrup (fans donation and advice).
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
31/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
32/34
-75.91
-75.55
-76.58
-78.39
-79.51
-80.25
-80.69
-81.08
-81.58
-84.77
-84.76
-84.69
-85.18
110.77
111.62
114.96
123.23
124.43
124.62
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80TotalPressure
(Pa)
Plane Distance (m)
Pressure Gradient
#RL X-area P Area L
RL
AdjPs P
Ps
adjTemp V w R K
m H W m m2 m Pa kPa kPa Pa Pa Wb db m/s Kg/m
3 Ns2/m8 Ns2/m4
1 301.5 2.1 2.8 9.7 5.8 10.5 5.86 98.64 0.01 10 15.86 10.0 15.0 3.3 1.1950.04567 0.0786
2 302.0 2.1 2.5 9.3 5.3 23 4.71 98.63 0 5 9.71 9.4 14.2 3.4 1.202 0.11461 0.3027
3 302.4 2.4 5.3 15.5 12.8 5.27 -7.10 98.63 0 5 2.10 10.8 11.9 0.02 1.2060.02456 0.4259
4 301.8 2.6 3.4 11.9 8.7 20.1 -14.19 98.62 0.03 30 15.81 10.3 11.9 2.1 1.2050.05196 0.1014
5 300.6 2.4 2.6 10.1 6.4 29 12.94 98.59 0.01 10 22.94 10.0 12.2 2.6 1.1990.08521 0.0810
6 301.7 2.4 2.8 10.4 6.7 34 4.68 98.58 0 5 9.68 10.6 15.0 2.4 1.1930.04415 0.0234
7 302.1 2.1 2.1 8.3 4.3 22.5 1.17 98.58 0.01 5 6.17 10.8 15.0 3.1 1.1930.03745 0.0150
8 302.2 2.2 1.8 8.1 4.1 38 -14.09 98.57 0.11 110 95.91 11.1 15.0 3 1.1970.50255 0.2069
9 301.0 2.1 3.0 10.3 6.4 37 -41.26 98.46 0.01 10 31.26 11.7 12.8 2.4 1.2020.16824 0.0696
10 297.5 2.1 1.9 8.0 4.0 98.45 0 11.7 12.2 3 1.2030.00000
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
33/34
-
8/9/2019 EFFECTS OF BOOSTER FANS IN VENTILATION NETWORKS COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES
34/34
0
i
ix
u
t
ji
ji
j
j
i
ji
ji
j
i uuxx
u
x
u
xx
puu
xt
u
k
jk
t
j
i
i
Gx
k
xuk
xt
k
kCGkCxxuxt kjt
j
i
i
2
21
2kCt
i
j
jikx
uuuG
ij
i
j
j
i
tji kx
u
x
uuu
3
2