Effecitve uml modeling quality asurance and its economics
-
Upload
chaudronmrv -
Category
Technology
-
view
985 -
download
3
description
Transcript of Effecitve uml modeling quality asurance and its economics
Leiden University. The university to discover.
Dr. Michel R.V. Chaudron, Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer ScienceProgram director M.Sc. ICT & Business
Effective UML Modelling Does Software Modeling Pay ?
- empirical studies in UML -
http:/iib.liacs.nl
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Collaborate with us!
Your ideas on software engineering research?
Collaborate with us! [email protected]
- Can we study your project (for free)?
- We would like to study : - impact on maintenance, requirements
- Communication in off-shored projects
- UML-based test generation
- Compare UML-based with MDA-based development
- Measure risk exposure in iterative sw development
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Outline of talk
- Introduction
- Modeling – State of the Practice
- Styles of modeling
- Quality of models
- Costs of modeling
- Benefits of modeling
Johan Muskens
Christian Lange
Ariadi Nugroho
Werner Heijstek
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Introduction Leiden Netherlands
Eindhoven
Amsterdam
Leiden
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Research Interest- Effectiveness of software modelling
- Quality of ModelingWhen is a model good (enough)
- Analysis of Non-Functional Properties of component-basedarchitectures (model-based)
- What are the pay-offs of investing inearly design/architecture?
Fewer defects? Cheaper maintenance? …
- Software Design
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
State of the Practice
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Styles of ModelingSketch
Communication
Recipe for construction
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Characteristics of Case Studies
Your project here?
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Industrial use of UML diagrams
Class
How
UML i
s used
B Dob
ing, J
Parso
ns -C
ommu
nicati
ons o
f the A
CM, 2
006
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Typical Word document mixes:- Text and diagrams
500-800 words / diagram
- Formal UML & inventions40-50% of diagrams is UML60-50% of diagrams is not UML
Text is used for:- Design decisions / Rationale- Elaboration/explanation- Linking to context
‘Design’ Tooling must support: models, sketches & textUri Dekel, James D. Herbsleb: Notation and representation in collaborative
object-oriented design: an observational study. OOPSLA 2007: 261-280
Statistics about Design Doc’s in general
Leiden University. The university to discover.
Panel
Modelling style and model purpose
understanding
communicating
managing complexity
implementation blueprint
Styles of using UML– as a sketch – thinking tool/understanding
– for communicating system design
– as a blueprint – guide the implementation work
– as a implementation (MDA)
C.F.J.L
ange,
M.R.
V. C
haud
ron, J.
Muske
ns: In
Pract
ice: U
ML So
ftware
Ar
chitec
ture a
nd D
esign
Desc
riptio
n. IEE
E Soft
ware
23(2):
40-46
(2006
)
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
UML in practiceSketch
Communication
Recipe for construction
More effort More expensive
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Suitability of UML
Sketch
Communication
Recipe for construction
UML Blueprint: - Ok
UML for code generation:- Not formal enough
UML for Design: - UML is too formal- Informal information is added to diagrams
- designers do use UMLconcepts
UML for Communication: - Internationally standardized
meaning seems to work
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Quality of UML Models
- Can we distinguish styles by means of some objective measure of model-quality?
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Quality ModelsExisting models
- Decomposition of characteristics- Bottom level: metrics
- Differences in - Relations between characteristics
- Vocabulary Boehm’s Quality Model
Boehm McCall
ISO 9126 Rombach
…
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
How to Define UML Model Quality?The quality attributes of a UML model is determined by its purpose...
Frame
work
for qu
ality o
f UML
mod
els (L
ange
& Ch
audro
n, 200
5)
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
How to measure goodness of UML model?- Design Heuristics
- Completeness
- Interaction of classes must be described in SD
- Methods of CD must be called in SD
- Consistency
- Messages in SD must correspond to method in class diagram
- Correspondence
- Dependencies in the implementation are allowed only if they occur in the design
In many cases it can not be automatically determined
whether a flaw is an incompleteness or an inconsistency
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Automated Model Checking and Visualization
UML model
Visualization of model + metrics
Quality Metrics/Rules• Completeness• Consistency
Analysis Tool
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Screenshot of the MetricView tool
= violation
= ok
Quality = absence of ‘bad things’such as omissions, spaghetti
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Design Heuristics for UML
– Metrics based on Chidamber & Kemerer OO metricsMaintainability relates to Coupling, Cohesion, …
Highest coupling = 7 Highest coupling = 4
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Distribution of Coupling
21
0
50
100
150
200
250
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49
coupling
num
ber
of
cla
sses
System of several hundred classes
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, NantesChristian Lange 22
MetaViewto visualize the (hidden) inter-diagram relationsExample: Which classes contribute to a certain use case?
Supporting task-oriented modeling using interactive UML views, C.F.J. Lange, M. A.M. Wijns, and M. R.V. Chaudron,Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
MetricView Tool
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G3HJ_QR9EG4
Leiden University. The university to discover.Christian Lange. 23
MetricViewThe values of metrics are visualized on class diagrams using colors Example: Coupling-Between-Objects (CBO)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G3HJ_QR9EG4
Supporting task-oriented modeling using interactive UML views, C.F.J. Lange, M. A.M. Wijns, and M. R.V. Chaudron,Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
MetricView Tool
Leiden University. The university to discover.Christian Lange. 24
3D visualization of design measurements
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G3HJ_QR9EG4
Supporting task-oriented modeling using interactive UML views, C.F.J. Lange, M. A.M. Wijns, and M. R.V. Chaudron,Journal of Visual Languages and Computing
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Industrial Experience with MetricViewas Quality Assurance Tool
- Based on 15+ industrial projects
- If there are weak spots in the design, then these are indicated as ‘suspects’ by MetricView
- MetricView indicates many weak spots that do not require improvement according to project architects (false positives?) quality is not applied uniformly across UML models
- The later MetricView is applied, the fewer ‘weak spots’ are removed from the design process issue
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
How do developers apply detail to UML models?
Developers apply more detail on criticaland complex parts of a system
61%
52%
37%
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
Equal details for all parts
Details proportionalto complexity
More details forcritical parts
Programmersdetermine details
Percen
tag
e o
f th
e r
esp
on
den
ts
Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral
Somewhat agree
Agree
Ariad
i Nug
roho,
Miche
l R. V
. Cha
udron
: A Su
rvey o
f the P
ractic
e of D
esign
-Co
de Co
rrespo
nden
ce am
ongst
Profe
ssion
al So
ftware
Engin
eers.
ESEM
2007:
467
-469
Leiden University. The university to discover.
How is Level of Detail distributed in a diagram?
Case 1 Case 2
Robin van den Broek B.Sc. Thesis in CS, 2009, Leiden University
Low detail Low detail
High detail High detail
Leiden University. The university to discover.
M.Sc. Thesis, Dennis van Opzeeland TU/e Computer Science, System Architecture and Networking
Does the implementation resemble the design?
design implementation
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Model - Source Code Conformance
Outlier
X-Axis
Metrics of Design
Y-Axis
Metrics of Implementation
Points represent Classes
Points off the diagonal indicate outliers
Does the implementation look like the original design?
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Does strictness of implementing a model differ for different modeling constructs?
Developers favor to implement dependency and inheritance relations more strictly than other constructs
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
Packagestructure
Dependencyrelations
Inheritancerelations
Class andmethod names
The order ofmethod calls
Pe
rce
nta
ge o
f th
e r
esp
on
de
nts
Loosely
Somewhat loosely
Neutral
Somewhat strict
Strictly
31%
46%
36%
Ariad
i Nug
roho,
Miche
l R. V
. Cha
udron
: A Su
rvey o
f the P
ractic
e of D
esign
-Co
de Co
rrespo
nden
ce am
ongst
Profe
ssion
al So
ftware
Engin
eers.
ESEM
2007:
467
-469
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Which factor most often drives developers to non-correspondence?
Among other factors, developers considered incomplete modelmore often drives them to non-correspondence
29%
48%
31%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Meeting deadline
Impracticalmodel
Incompletemodel
Model doesn’t satisfyrequirements
Perc
enta
ge o
f th
e r
espondents
NeverSometimes
OftenVery Often
Ariad
i Nug
roho,
Miche
l R. V
. Cha
udron
: A Su
rvey o
f the P
ractic
e of D
esign
-Co
de Co
rrespo
nden
ce am
ongst
Profe
ssion
al So
ftware
Engin
eers.
ESEM
2007:
467
-469
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Findings from State of the Practice
- UML is used in many different ways
- Incompleteness
- Not all parts of system are modelled
- Disproportion
- Different parts of the system are modeled different in level
of quality
- Inconsistency
- Conflicting information in different views of one model
Is this a problem?
Leiden University. The university to discover.
- Subjects are given UML models- Ask questions about UML model
- Two types• Which implementation matches the diagrams?
• How do you interpret these diagrams?
- Answer from the perspective of the developer.
- Multiple-choice test (15 Questions)
- 4 options + 1 option (“There’s something wrong, I can’t give an answer”)
- + Background questions (possible confounding factors: training, experience, …)
Does Quality Matter? Experiment
Effect
s of D
efects
in U
ML M
odels
, C.F.
J. Lan
ge, M
.R.V.
Chaud
ron, (I
CSE 2
006)
Leiden University. The university to discover.
Example Question
- Suppose you are developer in this banking software project. It is your task to implement class
ATM. Please indicate how you would implement the class ATM given these two UML diagrams?
A)
getCardInserted(){c.requestPIN();dosomething;a.open()}
B)
getCardInserted(){c.requestPIN();dosomething;a.lock()}
C)
getCardInserted()
{c.requestPIN();dosomething;a.acknowledge()}
D)
getCardInserted()
{c.requestPIN();dosomething;a.validate()}
E)
Ring the bell!
Something
is
wrong!
?
Many don’t see the defect
and just implement
Inconsistency:
Message Name does not correspond to Method
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
a b c d e(rror)
Message does not correspond to Method - Control (Q4)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
a b c d e(rror)
Effect
s of D
efects
in U
ML M
odels
, C.F.
J. Lan
ge, M
.R.V.
Chaud
ron, (I
CSE 2
006)
64% don’t see the defect
and just implement
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Does Quality Matter? Case Study
operations
attributes
associations
Parts of the design are more detailed than others
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Paym ent
-amount
-cashTendered
Cash
+authorized()
-name
-bankID
Check
+authorized()
-number
-type
-expDate
Credit
+calcTax()
+calcTotal()+calcTotalWeight()
-date
-status
Order
+calcSubTotal()
+calcWeight()
-quantity
-taxStatus
OrderDetail
1
1
1* Preprocessor Parser Analyser Inheritance Relator Statistic Filter Statistic CalculatorDB Creator DB Filler DB Checker
SAAT.BAT
Select ‘defects’ in defect DB
Find classes in source code that were
repaired for solving this defects
Find corresponding classes in UML models
Determine LoDfor CD and SD
Payment
-amount
-cashTendered
Cash
+authorized()
-name
-bankID
Check
+authorized()
-number
-type
-expDate
Credit
+calcTax()
+calcTotal()+calcTotalWeight()
-date
-status
Order
+calcSubTotal()
+calcWeight()
-quantity
-taxStatus
OrderDetail
1
1
1* Preprocessor Parser Analyser Inheritance Relator Statistic Filter Statistic CalculatorDB Creator DB Filler DB Checker
SAAT.BAT
component C2
requires I2
requires I3
uses I2.g
uses I3.h
component C2
requires I2
requires I3
uses I2.g
uses I3.h
defectdensity
LoD per class
Relation between UML-LoD and Code Quality
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
•Does high LoD in sequence diagrams correspond to lower defect density?
Level of Detail for Sequence Diagrams is significantly (negatively) correlated with defect density.
More detailed model => fewer defects
Relation between Level of Detailand Defect Density
= 1 class
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Economic Model for Cost of QualityFrom: H. Krasner, Cost of Quality, 1998
Cost of SQ = Achievement Cost + Non-conformance Cost
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Cost of Modeling
Focus on effort
“Is there a correlation between class-count and the effort spent in modeling?”
Sources:‐ Experiment‐ Set of industrial case studies
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Empirical Data
Experiment
106 MSc students in (TU/e) Organized in 35 teams
Task: Model Car Navigation System
Duration: 6 weeks assignment
Three treatments were applied:1. No modeling conventions
2. With modeling conventions
3. Tool-supported modeling conventions
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Results Experiment
Effort (hours)
Class-count
Sig. (2-tailed)
.302
.171
There is no significant correlation between class-count and the effort spent in modeling.
Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient
0,00
5,00
10,00
15,00
20,00
25,00
30,00
35,00
40,00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Class-count
Eff
ort
(h
ou
rs)
class-count is not a good measure for the effort spent on modeling?
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Measurement of Modeling/Design in RUP Effort Distribution
designingmodeling
Leiden University. The university to discover.
incep.
elaboration
construction
transition
constr.
transitionelaboration
‘traditional’ (avg. of 17 projects)
Model-driven (1 project)
Impact of MDD on Effort Distributionas % of total project effort
architecture & code generator
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Cost of Modeling - Summary- Size is not the issue- Large variety in cost per
- Developer (expertise)
- project- Purpose/use of models
- Level of abstraction / target quality of models
- Maintaining model-code correspondence
- Common to all new technology:
- training, licensing, …
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
The Use of UML and Software Quality
A large number of developers indicated the use of UML improves understandability and modularity
45%41%
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
50.0
CoverRequirements
Correctness Modularity Testability Understandability
Percen
tag
e o
f th
e r
esp
on
den
ts
Reduce
Somewhat Reduce
Neutral
Somewhat Improve
Improve
Ariad
i Nug
roho,
Miche
l R. V
. Cha
udron
: A Su
rvey o
f the P
ractic
e of D
esign
-Co
de Co
rrespo
nden
ce am
ongst
Profe
ssion
al So
ftware
Engin
eers.
ESEM
2007:
467
-469
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Benefits of Modeling
Modeling
Req. engineering
Designing
Implementing
Testing
Maintenance
Modularity
Defects
Doing the right things
Project ManagementEarly insight in system quality
Better traceability
Improved shared understanding
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Do Models improve understanding?
Eye tracking experiment
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Eye tracking UML designs: gazeplots
structure behaviour
Attention is determined by task
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Heatmap Person A
structure behaviour
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Heatmap Person B
There are large differences in styles of reading
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Improved
Quality
Modeling
Fewer
Defects
Reduced
maintenance
effort
Better Understanding
Improved Project
Management
Reduced
testing
effort
Improved
Communication
Reduced
rework
More Efficient
Maintenance
“validation”
building the
right system
“verification”
building the
system right
Improved
requirements
Better Risk
management
Improved
Productivity
More
Accurate
Estimating
Improved
Modularity
Overview Benefits of Modeling
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
What is next?
- Domain specific modelling (using UML)
- Domain specific tooling, V&V, generation
- Generation of/from UML
- From requirements
- Test generation based on UML
- Tool integration
- Synchronization between model and code
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Concluding Remarks- UML modeling is being done in a variety of styles- Modelers ‘economize’ by focusing on complex and critical
parts. QA needs to be risk-aware
- Low hanging fruit: ‘common’ QA techniques should be applied to models (versioning, reviews, coding-conventions)
- There is a payoff of modeling in: - improved modularity- seq.diagrams code quality- communication (suspected)
- Future work: maintaining model-code correspondence
Please send your projects to: [email protected]
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
What is next?
Your ideas on research?
Collaborate with us! [email protected]
- Can we study your project?
- We would like to study : - impact on maintenance, requirements
- Communication in off-shored projects
- UML-based test generation
- Compare UML-based with MDA-based development
- Measure risk exposure in iterative sw development
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
How often do design issues lead to problems?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Inconsistency Understandability Inaccuracy Incompleteness
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
th
e r
esp
on
de
nts
Never
Sometimes
Often
Very Often
Incompleteness of models was considered most often to lead to implementation problems
Leiden University. The university to discover.
Panel
Opinions on Value of Modelling
ValueAgile
Formal Methods
“LooseUML”
completeness
100%
MDA
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Which classes are modeled?
Complexity and Coupling is higher for classes that are modeled than not modeled
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Recommendations- Apply Quality Assurance to UML modeling
- Use ‘coding conventions’ for UML:
- Naming – correspond to implementation
- Layout
- Use of patterns/stereotypes
- Version Control
- Organize traceability from Use Cases to Sequence
diagrams (tool/conventions)
- Quality of SD’s is important when UML is used as blueprint for implementation
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Maintenance paradox
- Maintainers of software would like better documentation
- Even if UML models are created during design, these are used in maintenance.The more detailed models are, the mode quickly they become outdated.
Better abstraction in reverse- / round trip-engineering is needed in the setting of incremental & iterative development
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
Conformance
- Between UML model and source code implementation - It is the degree of similarity between model and implementation
- Reasons for lack of conformance- Poor model quality (therefore misunderstood in implementation)- “I know it better”-Attitude of Programmer- Evolution of implementation during maintenance
- Why is conformance important?- Ensure similarity between model and implementation- Model is used for understanding the implementation in maintenance (understanding
the corresponding model is easier than digging through thousands of lines of source code)
- We developed methods to - Measure conformance / Identify Deviations- (Re)construct a mapping between model and implementation elements- Support in keeping Model and Implementation ‘in sync’
MRV ChaudronSheet 60
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
MetricView contributors
- Johan Muskens- Christian Lange- Martijn Wijns- Dennis van Opzeeland- Ariadi Nugroho- Werner Heijstek- Maurice Vermeer- Alex Telea- Robin van den Broek
MRV ChaudronSheet 61
Leiden University. The university to discover.
Publications- Journal Publications
- Supporting task-oriented modeling using interactive UML views. PDFC.F.J. Lange, M.A.M. Wijns, M.R.V. Chaudron. Journal of Visual Languages and Computing (Elsevier), Volume 18, Issue 7, August 2007.
- In Practice: UML Software Architecture and Design Description.C.F.J. Lange, M.R.V. Chaudron, J. Muskens. IEEE Software, Volume 23, Issue 2, March 2006.
- Conference Publications
- A Visualization Framework for Task-Oriented Modeling using UML.C.F.J. Lange, M.A.M. Wijns, M.R.V. Chaudron. Proceedings of the 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'07). January 2007.
- An Experimental Investigation of UML Modeling Conventions.C.F.J. Lange, Bart DuBois, M.R.V. Chaudron, Serge Demeyer. Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE International Conference on Model-driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MoDELS 2006). October 2006.
- Effects of Defects in UML Models - An Experimental Investigation.C.F.J. Lange, M.R.V. Chaudron. Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2006). May 2006. (acceptance rate: 9%)
- Improving the Quality of UML Models in Practice.C.F.J. Lange. Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2006). May 2006.
- Visual Exploration of Combined Architectural and Metric Information.M. Termeer, C.F.J. Lange, A. Telea, M.R.V. Chaudron. Proceedings of VISSOFT 2005, IEEE CS Press. September 2005.
- Combining Metrics Data and the Structure of UML Models using GIS Visualisation Approaches.C.F.J. Lange, M.R.V. Chaudron. IEEE International Conference on Information Technology 2005. Las Vegas, April 2005.
- An Exploratory Study on the Industrial Use of UML: Improving Control over Design Quality.C.F.J. Lange, M.R.V. Chaudron. JACQUARD Conference. February 2005.
- Investigations in Applying Metrics to Multi-View Architecture Models.J. Muskens, M.R.V. Chaudron, C.F.J. Lange. In Proceedings of EUROMICRO’04, Rennes, France, September 2004.
- An Empirical Assessment of Completeness in UML Design.C.F.J. Lange, M.R.V. Chaudron. Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Empirical Assessment in Software Engineering (EASE04). May 2004.
- Konsistenz und Vollständigkeit industrieller UML Modelle.C.F.J. Lange, M.R.V. Chaudron. Proceedings of “Modellierung 2004“, Marburg, Germany, 24-26 March 2004. 62Michel Chaudron, Christian Lange, Martijn Wijns
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
- Workshop Publications
- Towards Task-Oriented Modeling using UML.C.F.J. Lange, M.A.M. Wijns, M.R.V. Chaudron. Proceedings of the 10th QAOOSE workshop, co-located with ECOOP2006. July 2006.
- Managing Model Quality in UML-based Software development.C.F.J. Lange, M.R.V. Chaudron. Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Software Technology and Engineering Practice 2005 (STEP), in the "Workshop on Software Process Improvement, Quality Assurance and Measurement. September 2005.
- Quantitative Techniques for the Assessment of Correspondence between UML Designs and Implementations.Dennis J.A. van Opzeeland, Christian F.J. Lange, Michel R.V. Chaudron. Proceedings of the 9th QAOOSE workshop, co-located with ECOOP2005. July 2005.
- An Empirical Investigation in Quantifying Inconsistency and Incompleteness of UML Designs.C. Lange, M.R.V. Chaudron, J. Muskens, L.J. Somers, H.M. Dortmans. 2nd workshop on consistency problems in UML-based software development, October 20, 2003, in San Francisco, USA as part of the “International Conference on Unified Modeling Language 2003”.
MRV ChaudronSheet 63
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
- Journal PapersAriadi Nugroho, "Level of detail in UML models and its impact on model comprehension: A controlled experiment", Information and Software Technology Journal (in Press).
-Conference PapersAriadi Nugroho and Michel R.V. Chaudron, "Evaluating the Impact of UML Modeling on Software Quality: An Industrial Case Study", ACM/IEEE 12th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS), Denver, Colorado - USA, 2009.
- Ariadi Nugroho, Bas Flaton, and Michel R.V. Chaudron, "An Empirical Analysis of Level of Detail in UML Models and its Relation with Defect Density", ACM/IEEE 11th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS), Toulouse - France, 2008. (received best paper awards). PDF
- Ariadi Nugroho and Michel R.V. Chaudron, "A survey into the Rigor of UML Use and its Perceived Impact on Quality and Productivity", 2nd International Symposium of Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM), Kaiserslautern -Germany, 2008. PDF
- Ariadi Nugroho and Michel R.V. Chaudron, "A Survey of the Practice of Design - Code Correspondence amongst Professional Software Engineers", 1st International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering & Measurement (ESEM), Madrid, 2007. PDF
- Workshop PapersAriadi Nugroho and Christian F.J. Lange, "On the Relation between Class-count and Modeling Effort", Model Size Metrics Workshop, co-located with MODELS Conference, Nashville, Tennessee, 2007. (best paper). PDF
- Chapters in BooksAriadi Nugroho and Michel R.V. Chaudron, “Managing the Quality of UML Models in Practice”, in Model-Driven Software Development: Integrating Quality Assurance, Idea Group Inc., New York, 2008. More info
MRV ChaudronSheet 64
Leiden University. The university to discover.Michel Chaudron, Jeudi des Modeles, 31 March 2011, Nantes
- W. Heijstek and Michel R. V. Chaudron (2010) The Impact of Model Driven Development on the Software Architecture Process, 36th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA 2010) Lille, Francebibtex
W. Heijstek, Michel R. V. Chaudron, Libing Qiu and Christian C. Schouten (2010) A Comparison of Industrial Process Descriptions for Global Custom Software Development, 5th International Conference on Global Software Engineering (ICGSE 2010) Princeton, New Jersey, USA - Pages 277-284bibtex
W. Heijstek and Michel R. V. Chaudron (2009) Empirical Investigations of Model Size, Complexity and Effort in Large Scale, Distributed Model Driven Development Processes - A Case Study, 35th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA 2009) Patras, Greecebibtex
W. Heijstek and Michel R. V. Chaudron (2008) Evaluating RUP Software Development Processes Through Visualization of Effort Distribution, 34th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA 2008) Parma, Italybibtex
W. Heijstek and Michel R. V. Chaudron (2008) Exploring Effort Distribution in RUP Projects 2nd International Symposium on Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM 2008) Kaiserslautern, Germanybibtex
W. Heijstek and Michel R. V. Chaudron (2007) Effort distribution in model-based development. 2nd Workshop on Model Size Metrics (MSM 2007)bibtex
MRV ChaudronSheet 65