EE11--E2 (CFA)E2 (CFA)
Transcript of EE11--E2 (CFA)E2 (CFA)
E1E1--E2 (CFA)E2 (CFA)
FIBER TO THE HOME FIBER TO THE HOME
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FIBER TO THE HOME FIBER TO THE HOME
(FTTH)(FTTH)
High Speed DataHigh Quality
Video
Dependable
Voice
Service
To day customers wantsTo day customers wants
These services are delivered by
Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL)
Cable Modems
Wireless
The preferred user’s
Video
Data User
USER REQUIREMENTUSER REQUIREMENT
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The preferred user’srequirement
Voice
•Many services on one infrastructure is efficient
• Commercially viable for network owner/operator
• Efficiency = lower costs for users and service providers
• Enhanced choice is attractive to customers
To meet the costumers demand, service provider needs
a Robust networking solution.
The solution is fiber based networks on fiber based
technologies or FTTH
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technologies or FTTH
FTTH OFFERSFTTH OFFERS
Unlimited bandwidth
The flexibility to meet customer demand for
interactive, video-based services.
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Fiber in the loop Fiber in the loop
In FITL network architecture the fiber optic technology is
being deployed from Central Office (CO) of a telephone
carrier to a remote serving area interface(SAI) to an Optical
Network Unit (ONU) located at the customer premises.
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Network Unit (ONU) located at the customer premises.
� Normally, the fiber is deployed in either all or part of the
local loop distribution network.
• FITL includes various architectures such as FTTC, FTTH &
FTTP.
Fiber to the x ( FTTX)Fiber to the x ( FTTX)
It is a generic term for any network
architecture that uses optical fiber to replace
all or part of the usual copper local loop used
form telecommunications.
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form telecommunications.
Today, fiber networks come in many varieties,
depending on the termination point .i.e. FTTx
Fiber To The Node/Network (FTTN)
Fiber To The Curb or Cabinet (FTTC)
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Fiber To The Curb or Cabinet (FTTC)
Fiber To The Buildings (FTTB),
Fiber To The Home (FTTH),
For simplicity, most people have begun to
refer to the fiber network as FTTx, in which
x stands for the termination point.
FTTNFTTN
Fiber to the node/ Neighbourhood (FTTN)/
Fiber to the cabinet (FTT Cab).
Fiber- optic cables runs to a nearest serving cabinet
(neighbourhood).
Customers connect to this cabinet is using twisted
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Customers connect to this cabinet is using twisted
pair wiring.
The area served by the cabinet is less than
1500 meters in radius.
If the cabinet serve an area of less than 300
meters in radius then the architecture is normally
called fiber to the curb.
Advantages :-
Low Cost
Non-blocking or low- blocking performance better
supports convergence.
Extremely flexible to deploy.
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Extremely flexible to deploy.
Allows the use of a variety of media from the
Telephone Exchange to the
User .
Disadvantages :-
Supports less bandwidth
FTTC (Fiber To The Curb) FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)
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Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Home
Copper Cable
ONUO
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Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Home
Copper Cable
ONUONU
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Central Office
ONU
EE
Central Office
ONUONU
A method of installing optical fiber cable by
the curb near the user’s home.
FTTB (Fiber To The BuildingFTTB (Fiber To The Building)
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Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Building
ONU
Copper loops
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Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Building
ONU
Copper loops
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Central Office
T
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Central Office
By introducing fiber cables from the fiber termination
point to the home living space or business office space
FTTB can be converted to full FTTH.
FTTH (Fiber To The Home) FTTH (Fiber To The Home)
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Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Home
ONU
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Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Home
ONU
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Central Office
EE
Central Office
FTTH is the final configuration of access
networks using optical fiber cable.
FTTC, the next step, ensures that fiber is
available very close to the customer/building.
FTTN ensure that all the Network Elements
shall have fiber medium.
Steps in Evolution of FTTHSteps in Evolution of FTTH
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shall have fiber medium.
FTTB fiber shall be made available
to all buildings.
FTTH is the next and ultimate stage
in this plan.
Fiber to the PremisesFiber to the Premises
It is a form of fiber-optic communication delivery in
which an optical fiber runs directly onto the
customers' premises.
2. This is dissimilar with other fiber optic
communication networks such as (FTTN), (FTTC)
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communication networks such as (FTTN), (FTTC)
or hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC), all of which depends
upon copper wires or coaxial cable for "last mile"
delivery.
Fiber to the premises can be further categorized according to the
optical fiber ends.
FTTH (Fiber to the Home):- It is the form of fiber optic
communication network in which optical signal reaches upto
the end user’s office.
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the end user’s office.
2- FTTB (Fiber to the Building):- It is the form of fiber optic
communication delivery in which optical signal reaches upto
the building, but where the fiber terminate before reaching the
home, business premises or set of customers. The remaining
path uses other than Optical Fiber.
Optical Portion:-Optical Distribution Network have
several technologies to deploy.
Shared
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Direct
Fiber
Shared
fiber
Active
Optical
Network
Passive
Optical
Network
Here each fiber leaving the central office goes to
exactly one customer .i.e. point to point topology
Provides excellent bandwidth because each
DIRECT FIBERDIRECT FIBER
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Provides excellent bandwidth because each
customer have their own dedicated fiber.
Costlier due to the large amount of fiber
requirement.
In this architecture, each fiber leaving the
central office is actually shared by many customers.
There are two leading optical distribution networks with
SHARED FIBERSHARED FIBER
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There are two leading optical distribution networks with
which we can achieve this split.
Active optical network (AONs)
Passive optical network (PONs)
In this architecture, power equipment is used to
distribute the signal such as switch, router or
multiplexer.
Each signal leaving the central office is
Active optical networkActive optical network
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Each signal leaving the central office is
directed only to the particular customer.
Active Ethernet uses optical switches to
distribute the signal.
Equipment performs layer 2/layer 3 switching
and routing.
It can handle upto 1000 customers.
PON is a point -to-multi point, fiber to the premises
network architecture.
Un-powered optical splitters are used to enable
a single optical fiber to serve multiple customers.
Passive Optical NetworksPassive Optical Networks
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a single optical fiber to serve multiple customers.
A PON configuration with 1:32 splitters reduces
the amount of fiber.
Down stream signal from the Central Office is
broadcasted to each customer premises sharing a fiber.
Upstream signals are combined using a multiple excess
protocol towards Central Office.
Technology Technology OptionsOptions for FTTHfor FTTH
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The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) equipment is installed
in Central Office as head end.
OLT transmits optical signal to splitter, from
Functioning of PON ArchitectureFunctioning of PON Architecture
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OLT transmits optical signal to splitter, from
where the signal is distributed to multiple customers directly
or via another splitters.
Optical Network Terminals (ONT)
terminate the signal at the customer premises.
Maximum distance is 20 km in between OLT and
ONT for 1:32 splitter.
PONs do not require any power for the splitters so
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PONs do not require any power for the splitters so
operational cost and complexity is reduced.
Passive optical splitters are used to
split the fiber/ bandwidth and share among many
customers.
Telechoice
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Telechoice
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
O
Video/Audio over
IP services
Other
Networks
Management
System
ONU
ONUTDM
Video
Data
Voice
PABX
PON Architecture PON Architecture
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O
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Central
Office
IP N/Ws
CATV overlay
services
1:32(64) Optical Splitter PON
ONU
TDMA
Data
0-20 Km physical reach (60 Km logical
reach supported by protocol)
2G
BTS
TDM
The basic elements in any PON system The basic elements in any PON system
are:
OLT : A Central Office (CO) equipment providing
PON with the various network interfaces
ONU/ONT : An External Plant / Customer Premises
equipment providing user interface for many/single
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equipment providing user interface for many/single
customer
PON : distributed or single staged passive optical
splitters/combiners providing connectivity between
OLT & multiple ONU/ONTs.
NMS : Management of the complete PON system
from OLT
BSNL FTTH PLANBSNL FTTH PLAN
Phase-I (2008-09): In phase-I overlay access network is
planned in 98 cities where the number of Direct Exchange
Lines are more than 3 lakhs i.e 30 millions, therefore Ethernet
in the first mile using the FTTB, FTTH is proposed to be
deployed.
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deployed.
FTTH systems are deployed as either point to point optical
system or point to multi point fiber system (PON).
7 lakhs customers are targeting in the first year.
1.5 lakhs customers in 73 cities with GE-PON.
5.5 lakhs customers in 25 cities with GE-PON &
G-PON.
Phase-II (2009-10): In second phase of
G-PON/GE-PON deployment will be extended to
other cities having Optical Access Network cables
laid as per OAN target.
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laid as per OAN target.
In second phase FTTH plan will target 7 lakhs
customers to be extended with fast Ethernet/ Gigabit
Ethernet service to their buildings on Fiber.
Phase-III (2010-11): In third phase OAN project is
proposed to be commenced in 198 cities.
Sufficient fiber structure shall be laid in all these cities for
commencing FTTH service.
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commencing FTTH service.
The total target of FTTH deployment in third phase will
be approximately 7.5 lakhs.
The customer base on FTTH upto March-2011 shall be
20 lakhs (200 million).
FLAVORS OF PONFLAVORS OF PON
Broadband PON
Ethernet PON (EPON) / Gigabit Ethernet PON
(GEPON)
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(GEPON)
Gigabit PON (GPON)
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GEPON based Next Generation Play Networks Planning:
The GEPON network do not support the redundancy so only
single fiber and single input splitters are planned.
There are 20 PON ports per GEPON chassis
and each chassis is capable to cater 32X20=640 customers.
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and each chassis is capable to cater 32X20=640 customers.
There are only 1:2, 1:4, 1:8. 1:16 and 1:32 splitters.
1:32 split architecture shall be used in the highly
dense locations and multistoried buildings.
PLANNING PLANNING GUIDELINESGUIDELINES
Out Door Network (ODN) planning & fiber planning for
GPON
The OAN to be planned in all broadband cities by
deploying high count Optical Fiber cables.
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The minimum fiber count to be deployed in these cities
will be 96Fibers or 288Fibers and above in main routes and
24Fiber/12Fiber cables for the buildings. The leading fiber
will be terminated in fiber termination box.
2:32 split architecture
It is desirable to have one splitter at the premises of the
customer / building / locality.
The two leading fiber from (24/12Fiber cable) cables,
fiber 1 & 2 will be input to the 2:32 splitter. These 2 fiber
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fiber 1 & 2 will be input to the 2:32 splitter. These 2 fiber
can be joined in the two sides of OAN. The other side of the
main route fiber will form a ring and terminated on other
port.
Cascade split architecture in GPON
As the number of customers will be less in the beginning
and distributed across the city, cascade splitters can be
deployed to cover more area.
The number of proposed split can be only two.
Splitters may be used in any of the following combinations
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Splitters may be used in any of the following combinations
such as:
2:4 & 1:16
2:4 & 4X (1:8)
2:8 & 1:4 etc.
Advantage of FTTH through PONAdvantage of FTTH through PON
Being passive network, no active componentsare required from Central office to end user.Single fiber to the end user providing revenue
generating services.
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generating services.FTTH features local battery backup & low
power consumption.Reliable, scalable & secure.Future proof network architecture.
Application AreasApplication Areas
Residential or Business Services �High Speed Internet�Transparent LAN Service �Broadcast Video�Multi-Play (Voice, Video, Data etc.)
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�Multi-Play (Voice, Video, Data etc.)�Private Line�TDM Telephony�IP Telephony (VoIP)Wireless Services�Wireless backhaul over PON
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