Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Prof. René Van Grieken and Pilar Ortiz - UA-...

Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage

Prof. René Van Grieken and Pilar Ortiz - UA- University of Antwerp - Prof. René Van Grieken and Pilar Ortiz - UA- University of Antwerp - Belgium Belgium

Educational Educational ToolkitToolkit

DECAY AND ENVIRONMENT

ModulModulee

33Basic Basic CourseCourse

Teaching Material Teaching Material

TopicTopic 3.53.5 Preventive Conservation



Copyright ©ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2012This material is an integral part of the “ELAICH – educational toolkit” and developed as part of the project ELAICH – Educational Linkage Approach in Cultural Heritage within the framework of EuroMed Cultural Heritage 4 Programme under grant agreement ENPI 150583. All rights reserved to the ELAICH Beneficiaries. This material, in its entirety only, may be used in "fair use" only as part of the ELAICH – educational toolkit for the educational purposes by non-profit educational establishments or in self-education, by any means at all times and on any downloads, copies and or, adaptations, clearly indicating “©ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2011” and making reference to these terms. Use of the material amounting to a distortion or mutilation of the material or is otherwise prejudicial to the honor or reputation of ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2011 is forbidden. Use of parts of the material is strictly forbidden. No part of this material may be: (1) used other than intended (2) copied, reproduced or distributed in any physical or electronic form (3) reproduced in any publication of any kind (4) used as part of any other teaching material in any framework; unless prior written permission of the ELAICH Beneficiaries has been obtained.

DisclaimerThis document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the ELAICH Consortium and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union.

Abstract



Welcome to Module 3 of ELAICH, You will study the meaning of Preventive Conservation.

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Searching for the perfect shelter?



Preventive Conservation




CONSERVATION = maintaining a work

of art in « good condition »




In addition to intrinsic parameters, often ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

are important for conservation, even indoors

(museums, cathedrals). Improving the environmental conditions

(micro-climate and chemical pollution)around a work of art is now popular

and called:« PREVENTIVE CONSERVATION »




PREVENTIVE CONSERVATION is defined as: ”the mitigation of deterioration and

damage to cultural property through the formulation

and implementation of policies and procedures

for the following: appropriate environmental

conditions; handling and maintenance procedures for storage, exhibition, packing,

transport, and use; integrated pest management; emergency preparedness and

response; and reformatting/duplication, etc."




Correr Museum, Venice, ItalyProblems with darkening of Bellini paintings!!

An indoor case to study. Help us to understand it!!



The Case of Correr Museum, Venice, Italy

Study the situation of the Museum.Near, near the sea !!

http://maps.google.es/maps?q=mueso+correr&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:es-ES:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=es&sa=N&tab=w




We took samples of the atmosphere inside the museum.Easy, just draw air through a filter !!And we got the particles that were around in the Museum.After we sent the filters to the laboratory.




The results of analysis.

0.0001

0.001

0.01

0.1

1

10

Na Al Si P S Cl K Ca Ti Mn Fe Cu Zn Pb

Element

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(µg

/m³)

CM

SCVA

KHM

KMSK




Correr Museum: gypsum particles, calcium-rich particles, calcium-silicon particles, aluminosilicates, sea salt

Calcium-rich particles more abundant with windows closed, no visitors, etc. Stra

nge

situatio

n¡¡¡¡



The Case of Correr Museum, Venice, ItalyAfter a lot of searching, we founf the origin of the particles:Plastered walls are deteriorating and releasing particles

Preventive Conservation SOLUTION: Cover walls with plastic paint or renew the plaster!!



The Case of Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York

White deposits were noticed in and on showcases in some sections of the museum. After cleaning they re-appear quickly!Problem with indoor emissions, building materials, particle filtration or ventilation???




Study the situation of the Museum.Inside Central Park¡¡

http://maps.google.es/maps?hl=es&tab=ll




Ion Chromatography shows that the deposit is rich in nitrate:Ammonium nitrate from fertilizers in Central Park?Sodium nitrate from the reaction of seasalt wit nitrogen oxides from traffic?




0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

rela

tiv

ea

bu

nd

an

ce

Fine fraction [0.25 µm and 0.5 µm]

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

rela

tiv

ea

bu

nd

an

ce

CaCO3

NaNO3 + Org

CaSO4+Org

NaNO3 + C + Fe-rich

NaC + Org

Org +NaCl + Fe-rich

Org + NaCl

(aged sea salt)

Org + Na-Mg + Ca

Org + Na-Mg

Org + Al-rich

(aged sea salt)

st. 3 st. 4 st. 3 st. 4 st. 3 st. 4 Gallery Showcase Outside




Small NaNO3 particles originating from outdoors were found in the galleries, showcases and in the deposits as well:NaCl (seaspray) + NOx (traffic) → NaNO3

Problem with air filtration !



The Case of Wawel castle in Cracow, Poland

Problems of conservation during winter and without visitors.We took samples of the particles in air. Some of our aerosol sampling

equipment in the castle!

http://www.pbase.com/bmcmorrow/wawel&page=7




Study the situation of the CastleIn Cracow.

http://www.pbase.com/bmcmorrow/wawel&page=7

Results of single particle analyses (2-4 µm)Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage



NaCl in winter is from deicing

Low-Z

NaCl in winter is from deicing

Low-Z

NaCl in Cracow!!!!




Preventive conservation based on XRS analysis:

No more de-icing of entrance path with salt, but manuallyMore mats and shoe cleaning at entrance.



New case…

Thank you!!!!We hope you can help us in the future.

Preventive ConservationA new Science in Cultural Heritage

Abstract



Answer in Module 3 of ELAICH our multiple choice questionnaire about preventive conservation¡¡¡

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