Education Issues Gerrit C. van der Veer. SIGCHI CHI as in HCI (human-computer interaction) on...
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Transcript of Education Issues Gerrit C. van der Veer. SIGCHI CHI as in HCI (human-computer interaction) on...
Education Issues
Gerrit C. van der Veer
SIGCHICHI as in HCI (human-computer interaction)
• on analysis, design, and use …
• of complex technology (ICT, multimedia)
• hardware, software, connectedness
• by people (plural), everywhere, whenever
SIGCHI, the people
4000-6000 members world wide, stable since many years
still 70% North America, 20 % European
50% Industry, 50% Academia
Local SIGs, of which many members are not full members of SIGCHI (several 1000s !)
BayCHI, LA-SIGCHI, SIGCHI Italy, SIGCHI.DK, ...
Map of Local ACM SIGCHI Chapters
SIGCHI conferences
10+ sponsored conferences each year CHI, IUI, DIS, CSCW, ...
10+ in-cooperation conferences
Annual CHI conference ~2500 participants,
N.A. / Europe distribution depends on location# students recently growing
next CHI in Europe 2013CHI in S.E. Asia 2015?
Summary 2002-2009 (+2010)
SIGCHI on education
www.sigchi.org/resources/education :
• Curricula for HCI
• Tutorials to go
• HCI Webliography
Curricula for HCI
ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human-Computer Interaction
by Hewett, Baecker, Card, Carey, Gasen, Mantei, Perlman, Strong and Verplank
Copyright © 1992,1996 ACM SIGCHI
Tutorials to go
www.sigchi.org/resources/education/tutorials2go
Tutorials Available
• Based on CHI 2002 Tutorial Presentations
• Based on CHI 2001 Tutorial Presentations
• Based on CHI 2000 Tutorial Presentations
HCI Webliographywww.hcibib.org/education
HCI Bibliography : HCI Webliography : Education in HCI
Page updated: 2010-05-30
Accesses since 1997-04-10: 253,107
Hosted by ACM SIGCHI
1st choice:
ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human-Computer Interaction
ACM SIGCHI CurriculaStill used worldwide, e.g.,:
Europe • national assessment of education• new european educational model
China
IFIP TC 13, • WG 13.1: Education in HCI and HCI Curriculum
The domain of SIGCHI
A moving domain (a “science”?)• New applications
– embedded computing; – mobile computing; – home/leisure/services
• New technologies• New disciplines
– technology– human sciences– arts and crafts
personal: I have been teaching “HCI” all my life,
recently :
analysis and design for use, in general
human beings are unique in:
1. using artifacts, &:
2. building these artifacts, &:
3. designing these artifacts
where “artifacts” can be physical,
or conceptual: laws, social and political structures, norms, languages
design for use
in various cultures, and various eras
use, building, and design are combined or split between people
where “culture” can be identified:
• regionally,
• or professionally,
• or religion-,
• or age-dependent, or ...
in “simple” worlds
in small and closed communities, guilds,
• the hunter develops his own tools,
in “simple” worlds
in small and closed communities, guilds,
• the hunter develops his own tools,
• the musician invents her own instrument,
in “simple” worlds
in small and closed communities, guilds,
• the hunter develops his own tools
• the musician invents her own instrument
• and villagers make their own playground
in “our” worlds
in “modern, industrial, urban, western, types of civilizations:
there is often a split between use of artifacts and the making of,
and a split between building and designing
HCI design – repeat of history
till 1980 – systems for experts (mathematicians)
• design with user participation
till 1980 – systems for experts (mathematicians)
• design with user participation
the 80s – office systems & PCs for professionals
• design for the job of the user
HCI design – repeat of history
till 1980 – systems for experts (mathematicians)
• design with user participation
the 80s – office systems & PCs for professionals
• design for the job of the user
the 90s – ICT available, and used, everywhere (web)
• contextual design, distributed cognition,
HCI design – repeat of history
till 1980 – systems for experts (mathematicians)
• design with user participation
the 80s – office systems & PCs for professionals
• design for the job of the user
the 90s – ICT available, and used, everywhere (web)
• contextual design, distributed cognition
the 21st century (so far)
HCI design – repeat of history
computers & people – something changed in our culturefrom ...
experts – developing their own tools“command languages and operating systems,
no user interface please”to ...
reactive / proactive / and intelligent environment for everybody – part of the situation, culture, and organization
“I do not care what's inside, if it serves my purpose”
Apple’s “wearable juke-box”
September 9, 2009, over 220,000,000 sold
computers & people – something changed in our culturefrom ...
experts – developing their own tools“no user interface please”
to ...reactive and intelligent environment for everybody –
part of the situation, culture, and organization “I do not care what's inside, if it serves my
purpose”: • useful (for my purpose)• usable (fit to my possibilities)• safe (acceptable risk)• motivating (convincing / fun / warning / unpredictable)
separation of use, building, and designbrings the issue of usability
• functionality
• ease of use
• learnability
• intended and lived experience
new solutions require new disciplines
Computer science & Psychology & Ergonomics HCI, formal specifications, tools, patterns
we seemed to understand each other
new solutions require new disciplines
Computer science & Psychology & Ergonomics HCI, formal specifications, tools, patterns
Ethnography, Anthropology, Sociology
we are multidisciplinary now. can you still count yourself in?
CSCW, Contextual design, design of collaboration and organization
new solutions require new disciplines
Computer science & Psychology & Ergonomics HCI, formal specifications, tools, patterns
Ethnography, Anthropology, Sociology CSCW, Contextual design, design of
collaboration and organization
Theater, Graphic design, Cinematography,Industrial design, Multimedia design poor academics need to go to creative
and experience design: arts and crafts
industrial practice was there before academia: multidisciplinary design teams
Apple Advanced Technologies
Microsoft
Philips Design
Xerox PARC
IBM Science Centers
So who should feel responsible for useful, usable, experience-focused interaction design?
an ever changing world
new technologies
cultures merge
cultures arise
people move
Designed to free users from their social network lives on Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and LinkedIn.
You just pick one of the networks, start up the machine, and it graphically shows you unfriending your contacts, one by one, and eliminating all your other contacts with your profile.
Forever.
www - the ultimate melting pot
Aaron Marcus & Emilie West Gould (2000)
Cultural dimensions and global Web user-interface design
Interactions 7 (4), p 32-46
the web is only part of the story though
my newest gadget
supposed use:
in other cultures ...
cultural dimensions
cultural backgrounds of HCI
“let there be HCI”
co-creation of co-evolution?
• CHI (82)
• ECCE (82)
• INTERACT (84)
North America – the quick world
• Douglas Englebart 1970
• Douglas Englebart 1970• Xerox Alto (1970s)→ Xerox
Star (1981)
North America – the quick world
• Douglas Englebart 1970• Xerox Alto (1970s)→ Xerox
Star (1981) • first Apple II 1977
→Mac 1984
North America – the quick world
• Douglas Englebart 1970• Xerox Alto (1970s)→ Xerox
Star (1981) • first Apple II 1977
→Mac 1984• Jack Carroll, J.M. and
Campbell, R.L. (1988). Artifacts as psychological theories: The case of human-computer interaction.
North America – the quick world
Europe – the old world
Babylon in the 80s : languages, cultures, schools
• UK
• German language
• French
• Scandinavia
HCI in the UK
• Early attention to “usability”: ergonomics of computer use (Shackle)
• User participation (Mumford)
• Psychology of programming (Green)
• (formal) knowldege models of task-based design
German language area
• architecture of user interfaces (Pfaff)
• partner models (Oberquelle)
• software ergonomics (GI)
• Psychology and Computer science (Tauber)
French developments
• Scientists in industry
• proces ergonomics (Hoc)
• task analyse (Sebillotte)
• Programming as a process
Scandinavian school
• participatory design (Suchman, 1988)
• activity theory (Bannon & Bødker, 1991)
• interdisciplinary academic projects
elsewhere in Europe ...
• Italy: artificial intlligence and industrial reality
• Dutch Treat: borrow from your neighbours
• “former” eastern Europa: the power of theory
currently in the western world …
• we all travel to each other, • and teach, • and learn
a challenge for teachers and students
who, themselves, step in from moving grounds,
any new generation of students is a surprise
conclusions, challenges for SIGCHI
• we should learn with/from our students• cultural differences and changes; the new
challenge • ACM SIGCHI needs to develop new
curriculum guidelines• ACM SIGCHI still not enough international• ACM SIGCHI should pay more attention to
different design disciplines and their cultures
And, in fact, we are re-erecting our Educational focus