Education• 1970 :– Women earned 40% of all Masters degrees– Women earned 6% of all Professional degrees

• 14% of Doctoral degrees• 8% of Medical degrees• 5% of Law degrees• 1% of dental degrees

• 1991:– Women earned 39% of all Professional degrees– Women earned 53% of all Masters degrees– 39% of all Doctoral degrees, 32% of all dental degrees,

36% of medical degrees

U.S. Civilian non-institutional population

Racial Group 1996 2006 % increase

Total population 200,591,000 228,815,000 14.1

White women 86,828,000 95,242,000 9.7

White men 81,489,000 91,021,000 11.7

Black women 13,029,000 14,877,000 14.2

Black men 10,575,000 12,130,000 14.7

Hispanic women 9,610,000 14,630,000 52.2

Hispanic men 9,604,000 15,473,000 61.1

Asian women --- 5,328,000 ---

Asian men --- 4,827,000 ---

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Employment and Earnings January 1997 and 2007/

U.S. Civilian labor forceRacial Group 1996 2006 % increase

Total labor force 133,943,000 151,428,000 12.9

White women 51,325,000 56,221,000 9.4

White men 61,783,000 67,613,000 9.1

Black women 7,869,000 9,186,000 18.1

Black men 7,264,000 8,128,000 11.3

Hispanic women 5,128,000 8,206,000 60.3

Hispanic men 7,646,000 12,488,000 62.5

Asian women --- 3,106,000 ---

Asian men --- 3,621,000 ---

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Employment and Earnings January 1997 and 2007Note: women made up 46.3% of the civilian labor force

Labor Force Participation Rate• In 2006, 6 of every 10 women aged 16 and older

were labor force participants compared with 7 out of 10 for men.– 59.4% of all women were in the labor force– 73.5% of all men were in the labor force– 63% women aged 16 and older with children under

age 6 were in the labor force in 2005 (39% increase from 1975)

Labor force Participation

• Between 1990 and 2006 total US employment grew 22%, 18 million jobs were created and women secured nearly half of these jobs (47.5%)Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment and

Earnings, 1/2006 and Annual Socio Economic tables, March 1996 & 2005.

Labor Force Participation rates by sex and race, 2006

White women 59% Black women 61.7%

White men 74.3% Black men 67.0%

Hispanic women 56.1% Asian women 58.3%

Hispanic men 80.7% Asian men 75.0%

UnemploymentUnemployment rates by sex and race, 2006

White women 4.0% Black women 8.4%

White men 4.0% Black men 9.5%

Hispanic women 5.9% Asian women 3.1%

Hispanic men 4.8% Asian men 3.0%

Ten most prevalent occupations for full time working women

Occupation Numbers

Secretaries/Administrative assistants 3,348,000

Registered nurses 2,309,000

Cashiers 2,291,000

Elementary and middle school teachers 2,220,000

Retail sales persons 1,740,000

Nursing, psychiatric and home health aides

1,694,000

First line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers

1,436,000

Waiters and waitresses 1,401,000

Bookkeeping, accounting and auditing clerks

1,364,000

Customer service representative 1349,000

Ten highest earning occupations for women/median salary

Occupation Weekly median salary

Pharmacist $1,564

Chief Executive $1,422

Lawyer $1,333

CIS managers $1,330

Physicians and surgeons $1,329

Computer software engineers $1,372

Physical therapists $1,086

Management analysts $1,069

Medical and health services managers $1,064

Computer scientist and systems analysts $1,039

Pay Equity Statistical information

• http://www.aauw.org/act/laf/library/payequity_stats.cfm

• http://www.catalyst.org/file/351/qt_womens_earnings_and_income.pdf

• http://www.bls.gov/cps/cpswom2008.pdf